Journal of Animal Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Digging into dirt: Rewilding with threatened mammals shapes soil-emerging insect assemblages.","authors":"Lucy G Johanson, Peter Contos, Romina Rader, Heloise Gibb","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.70274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digging mammals function as ecosystem engineers by altering soil structure, influencing nutrient cycling and shaping vegetation communities. The widespread decline of these taxa globally, driven by habitat loss and introduced predators, has triggered cascading ecological effects, yet the consequences for soil-dwelling insect communities remain poorly understood. Insects, many of which have subterranean larval stages, provide essential functions such as pollination, decomposition and nutrient cycling, making them ideal indicators for evaluating the restructuring of ecological communities following mammal reintroductions. Here, we used data from a long-term experimental mammal exclusion study within a predator-free sanctuary (Scotia Wildlife Sanctuary) in south-eastern Australia to test how the reintroduction of digging mammals affects the structure and composition of insect communities emerging from soil. We sampled insects using emergence traps across replicated plots of mammal reintroduction, exclusion, and procedural control in 2010 and in 2018, 8 years after fence installation. While variation in digging activity (indexed by pit density) did not significantly affect richness or biomass of soil-emerging insect taxa, areas with digging showed reduced insect abundance. Hierarchical modelling of taxa communities revealed that parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) and predatory robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) were strongly associated with plots without digging activity, likely reflecting sensitivity to direct predation or nest disturbance. No herbivorous beetle taxa showed a statistically supported association with treatment, indicating that negative associations with digging activity were restricted to specific parasitoids and predatory groups, rather than representing a consistent trophic-wide response. Our findings therefore indicate that the reintroduction of ecosystem engineers alters insect assemblages, potentially cascading through to multitrophic interactions and ecosystem functioning. This is important because it (1) suggests there may have been profound effects of the widespread loss of ecosystem engineers on ecosystems across the Australian continent; and (2) highlights that whole-of-ecosystem knowledge is critical to getting rewilding right. We emphasise the importance of thorough, long-term ecological monitoring of invertebrate assemblages to inform mammal reintroduction and restoration efforts, ensuring they align with broader ecosystem management objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeographic shifts in reef fish size structure along the Southeastern Pacific occur independently of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a.","authors":"Simon Gartenstein, José Garcés-Vargas, Vicente I Villalobos, Eliseo Fica-Rojas, Natalio Godoy, Felipe Torres Cañete, Alejandro Pérez-Matus, Nelson Valdivia","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.70261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Body size is a key functional trait linking individual physiology to ecological interactions and community structure. Size spectra provide a trait-based framework to quantify how community size structure responds to environmental gradients, yet their large-scale drivers remain poorly understood. We tested whether temperature and productivity differentially shape reef fish size structure, examining how sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) influence size spectra and total biomass across a broad latitudinal gradient. Reef fish communities were consistently dominated by small-bodied individuals, but cooler continental systems supported a higher proportion of medium to large fishes. Species richness declined with latitude, indicating strong biogeographic filtering across regions. Size-spectrum exponents significantly differed among regions, reflecting shifts in the relative contribution of small versus large individuals. In contrast, variations in SST and Chl-a had no detectable effect on total biomass. Synthesis. The broad latitudinal patterns in these fish assemblages are governed primarily by shifts in community composition and size spectra, with SST exerting reduced effects, whereas total biomass shows limited variation across environmental gradients. This stresses the importance of conserving size structure-especially larger individuals-alongside biomass and supports management approaches that incorporate spatial ecoregional heterogeneity to safeguard size spectra at large geographic scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasticity in parental care: Interspecific competitor cues shape biparental cooperation in a burying beetle.","authors":"Casey Patmore, Per T Smiseth","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.70251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interspecific competition is an important evolutionary driver of many species' life histories and behaviours, arising wherever species come into conflict over limited resources. However, how such competition shapes the plasticity of social behaviours within a species, such as biparental care, remains less clear. The burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides is an insect that exhibits biparental care, relying on small vertebrate carcasses to breed on. Such carcasses are highly valuable but relatively rare in nature, and so are competitively sought out by many other species, including the bluebottle fly, Calliphora vomitoria. Despite the close association and frequent rivalry between the two species, how their interactions shape biparental care decisions in these beetles has received little attention. We investigated how perceived risk of interspecific competition affected breeding success and duration of male and female care by staging encounters between breeding pairs of beetles and fly intruders. We presented breeding pairs with dead flies, at varying times and densities, to assess changes in duration of care and fitness outcomes. We used dead flies to ensure the beetles' response was driven solely by cues associated with flies, rather than direct interaction or resource depletion. We found that the duration of both male and female care was plastic in response to the presence of competitors, as both increased their duration of care. However, these encounters also increased breeding failures, with the strongest effects occurring when encounters took place early in the breeding attempt. Our results demonstrate plasticity in parents' behaviour in response to a perceived competitive threat, but this plastic response was associated with increased breeding failures, suggesting a trade-off between dealing with competitors and completing other parental tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally induced stress affects fitness of bold and shy alike: A long-term study of personality and feather corticosterone in Arctic-breeding kittiwakes.","authors":"Frederick C Mckendrick, Samantha C Patrick, Sébastien Descamps, Alexis P Will, Kathryn E Arnold, Stephanie M Harris, Alexander S Kitaysky","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70225","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2656.70225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individual repeatable variation in behaviour, that is 'personality', is hypothesised to mediate how animals respond to environmental stress. However, temporal variability in local conditions and spatial constraints across the annual cycle may affect individual responses to environmental change and the subsequent impact on fitness. Here we tested how the relationships among personality, stress exposures and fitness may vary between the breeding and wintering periods in the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), a long-lived migratory seabird inhabiting the rapidly changing Arctic. We conducted a long-term (2013-2021) study to explore how personality, represented by boldness, was related to feather corticosterone (fCORT), an indicator of stress exposure during feather growth. To examine temporal variation in this relationship, we focused on feathers grown during the breeding, post-breeding and pre-breeding stages, three periods when seabirds experience varying spatial constraints. We studied the covariation in fCORT, boldness and two fitness measures (chick survival and adult return rates) while correcting for two major proxies of resource availability: the subpolar gyre and Atlantic water influx (AWI) We observed a season-dependent effect of boldness: 'bolder' individuals had lower fCORT concentrations than 'shyer' conspecifics during breeding and post-breeding but higher levels prior to breeding. Higher fCORT during breeding occurred during years of low AWI and correlated with lower chick survival, while higher fCORT prior to breeding correlated with lower likelihood of return to the colony. Personality did not mediate inter-annual relationships between fCORT and environmental measures or fCORT and fitness. Our results highlight that while the negative effects of environmentally induced stress on fitness appeared to be ubiquitous across personality types, how and when bold and shy individuals experience stress is highly context dependent, reflecting different spatial and temporal constraints during the breeding and wintering stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"763-781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13145314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do large carnivores fare better in savannas when they get drier?","authors":"Marion Valeix","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70211","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2656.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research Highlight: Journal of Animal Ecology, 00, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.70182. Beyond rising temperatures, several parts of Africa are affected by aridification (more frequent and worsening droughts, lengthening dry seasons). Such drier conditions are likely to affect in several ways not only the many large herbivore species but also the rich carnivore guild that characterise African savannas, with consequences on the behavioural ecology of predator-prey interactions. Using data sets of exceptional quality on the feeding behaviour and the reproduction of leopards and lions covering 4 years of contrasting environmental conditions in a semi-arid African savanna, Balme et al. analysed the effect of drought conditions on the carnivores' diet composition, kill rates, prey biomass acquisition but also cub production and survival. They showed that droughts led to a higher prey biomass consumption for the two carnivore species although the underlying mechanisms differed (higher kill rate for leopards and larger consumed prey for lionesses). Additionally, they revealed that the probability of cub survival was driven by factors other than drought-driven food acquisition (such as intraguild predation by hyaenas for leopards and sarcoptic mange for lions). Balme et al. (2025) convincingly showed that droughts influence not only predator-prey interactions through several pathways, but also carnivore intraguild interactions. Altogether, their findings illustrate the difficulty to predict the impact of drier conditions on carnivore populations if we do not better unravel the mechanisms through which climate change affects both predator-prey and predator-predator interactions. Overall, this inspiring study invites us to conceptualise a larger framework to study interspecific interactions in African mammals in a context of a drier (and hotter) climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"730-733"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prey depletion by a predator guild suggests spatial differences in competitive ability, but not prey partitioning, consistent with functional trade-offs.","authors":"Amber N Wright, Kyle F Edwards, Spencer D Alascio, Jose A Carranza","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70231","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2656.70231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the mechanisms by which competing species coexist is fundamental for explaining the distribution and abundance of organisms. Many coexistence mechanisms require trade-offs in the ability to deplete shared resources, but resource depletion by competing species is rarely measured, especially in communities of mobile predators. Among competing predators, differences in diet and habitat use are commonly observed, and to promote coexistence, these differences must be associated with trade-offs in the ability to suppress different prey types (prey partitioning) or to suppress prey in different habitats (spatial differences in competitive ability), respectively. We hypothesize that these two mechanisms are important for competition among three arboreal lizards common in Hawaii. We test these mechanisms using experimental monocultures to measure prey suppression and a consumer-resource model parameterized with trait and demographic data from the same experiment. We found that species differed in spatial patterns of prey suppression, supporting spatial differences in competitive ability, but species did not differ in which prey taxa they suppressed, providing no support for prey partitioning. Patterns of prey suppression were consistent with differences between species in microhabitat-specific attack rates, and including differences in the conversion of prey into offspring allowed model outcomes to better align with species' relative prey suppression. When using the model to predict competitive outcomes, Phelsuma laticauda and Anolis sagrei are expected to coexist over a wide range of microhabitat availabilities, Anolis carolinensis can coexist with P. laticauda under a wider range of microhabitat availabilities than it can with A. sagrei, and A. carolinensis cannot persist in the presence of both of the other species under any conditions. These predictions are consistent with the change in community composition that has occurred over time in the field: Anolis carolinensis has declined while the other two species have increased in distribution and abundance. Our results also demonstrate that differences in diet do not necessarily translate into resource partitioning of prey, highlighting the importance of measuring resource depletion when understanding exploitation competition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"795-807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation cycles in experimental populations of a multivoltine insect.","authors":"Takehiko Yamanaka, Yasushi Sato, William A Nelson, Ottar N Bjørnstad","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70229","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2656.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some animals exhibit large-amplitude fluctuations with periods close to their generation length. These fluctuations can be caused by seasonal environmental influences, scheduled pesticide applications, or ecological factors such as intraspecific regulation and consumer-resource interactions. While theory provides various mechanisms for how environmental and ecological factors might generate generational fluctuations, there has never been a field experiment testing the relative contributions of seasonal demographic synchronisation and intraspecific regulation to generation cycles in natural populations. The smaller tea tortrix, Adoxophyes honmai, is a serious pest of tea plants and a temperate multivoltine insect that undergoes 3-5 large-amplitude generation cycles each year under natural conditions in Japan. Theory suggests that these fluctuations may represent limit cycles driven by asymmetric intraspecific interference, where older larvae directly affect younger ones. However, in the field, these populations also experience strong seasonality and periodic insecticide applications that are thought to either generate or modify these fluctuations. We conducted a replicated field-cage experiment on the tortrix populations to manipulate the initial degree of stage synchrony and the timing of introduction. The experiment included four treatments contrasting pulsed versus continuous age structures at the onset of spring, along with two introduction timings separated by 20 days (approximately half a generation time). We minimised artificial interventions, such as harvesting and insecticide application, as well as the effect of natural enemies while allowing meteorological influences during the season. To compare the field-cage experiment results with theoretical predictions, we constructed an age-structured population model featuring asymmetric larval interference. We executed simulations using the same introduction scenarios as in the field-cage experiment. We observed the emergence of clear generational cycles in all treatments of the field-cage even in the absence of any initial demographic synchrony. This suggests an internal mechanism regulating population cycles, possibly intraspecific interference. However, the generational cycles in the field-cage were synchronised across treatments and with outer field populations. The results from the field-cage experiment and simulation analyses indicate that external environmental factors, such as precipitation, acted as a pacemaker for the generational cycles created by the internal regulatory mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"782-794"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13145313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature and browning on the functional response of a freshwater top predator.","authors":"Viktor Nilsson-Örtman, Erik Nilsson, Christer Brönmark","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70233","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2656.70233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater lakes are becoming warmer and browner, with poorly known ecosystem consequences. A major unresolved issue is how these changes will affect the feeding rates of predators that regulate top-down trophic cascades. We explored the effects of temperature and browning on the functional response and feeding rates of a keystone predator, the Northern pike Esox lucius. We first derived a simple mechanistic model on the effect of temperature and browning on predator feeding rates. To test predictions from the model, we performed two laboratory experiments where we estimated pike functional responses in brown and clear water at three temperatures and quantified feeding rates along a gradient from completely clear to extremely brown. We find strikingly weak effects of temperature and browning on pike feeding rates, even under extreme levels of browning. Pike showed an asymptotic Type II functional response under most conditions but switched to a dome-shaped Type IV functional response in cold clear water, possibly due to seasonal changes in the schooling behaviour of prey. Our results suggest that temperature and browning may have interactive effects on predator functional responses mediated via changes in prey behaviour and support the view that browning affects piscivorous fish mainly through bottom-up effects rather than changes in foraging efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"824-836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13145305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147467969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental drivers of metapopulation dynamics throughout the full annual cycle in a declining Arctic-nesting migratory herbivore.","authors":"Alexander R Schindler, Anthony D Fox, Alyn J Walsh, Larry R Griffin, Seán B A Kelly, Mitch D Weegman","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70236","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2656.70236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing the impacts of changing environmental conditions on animal species requires thorough understanding of population dynamics, which can be difficult to estimate when animals aggregate into spatially discrete subpopulations. We used 39 years of fecundity, capture-recapture and abundance data in an integrated metapopulation model to study environmental drivers of demography in a declining migratory bird, the Greenland white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons flavirostris). We found that low fecundity due to earlier spring vegetation phenology on staging areas and increased snow on breeding areas explained metapopulation decline, though the strength of these effects varied by subpopulation. Differential immigration and emigration rates affected local wintering abundance trends, highlighting the importance of quantifying subpopulation-metapopulation dynamics for understanding fragmented animal populations. We provide a framework for extending commonly used integrated population models to a metapopulation framework for testing novel ecological hypotheses about how changing environmental conditions within and among subpopulations drive changes in animal abundance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"865-881"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13145331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional and phylogenetic clustering shape rodent co-occurrence via multi-scale mechanisms in a subtropical forest.","authors":"Xifu Yang, Chuan Yan, Mingqiang Wang, Chaoyuan Cheng, Yuwei Teng, Kunming Zhao, Ying Li, Zhibin Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.70237","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2656.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species co-occurrence has been widely investigated in various animal species, yet the roles of trait similarity, scatter-hoarding behaviour and habitat factors remain incompletely understood. We examined the effects of three groups of factors-functional similarity (i.e. phylogenetic, body size, diet), scatter-hoarding behaviour (i.e. scatter-hoarding intensity) and habitat factors (i.e. patch size, seed richness, seed abundance and stand age)-on species co-occurrence probability among sympatric rodent species with 7 years of field data using live and camera traps in a subtropical forest. At the community level, we assessed phylogenetic and functional structure using null model approaches and developed an abundance-weighted average species co-occurrence probability (ASCp) to evaluate assembly mechanisms. We found the species co-occurrence probability of rodents was significantly and positively associated with phylogenetic relatedness, body size similarity and diet similarity of pairs of rodent species using live traps at the species-pair level (such correlations were significant only for phylogenetic relatedness and diet similarity using camera traps). Species co-occurrence probability of rodents was significantly and positively associated with scatter-hoarding intensity using both methods. Community-level analyses revealed significant phylogenetic clustering and functional clustering in scatter-hoarding intensity and diet breadth, supporting a dominant role of environmental filtering. At the community level, ASCp was significantly and positively correlated with patch size when assessed using camera traps, and significantly and negatively correlated with stand age using live traps. Notably, ASCp positively correlates with community-weighted scatter-hoarding intensity, though this effect weakens in larger patches. Our results suggest that species traits, scatter-hoarding behaviour and habitat factors independently shape species co-occurrence patterns of rodents in forest ecosystems across multiple spatial scales, but the underlying mechanisms are distinct, which is explained by environmental filtering (traits), reciprocal pilferage (scatter-hoarding) and habitat heterogeneity (patch habitat factors), respectively. The species co-occurrence probability patterns showed some differences between the two methods, probably because animals may exhibit different responses or sensitivities to various survey approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":14934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"882-902"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147365305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}