{"title":"Heatwaves, biodiversity and health in times of climate change.","authors":"Marcelo de Paula Corrêa","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This article discusses heatwaves (HWs), their definitions, and increasing frequencies associated with climate change, as well as their effects on human health, especially on children and vulnerable groups. It emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary studies to better understand the effects of HWs and preventive actions to mitigate the effects caused by this phenomenon.</p><p><strong>Data source: </strong>The data were obtained from recent studies, conducted in Brazil and abroad, on the impacts of HWs. The figures were attained with data provided by the Climate Change Knowledge Portal.</p><p><strong>Data summary: </strong>HWs are periods of extreme heat, modulated by climate phenomena such as El Niño and the Pacific Decadal Oscillations. The frequency and intensity of HWs have increased since the 1950s, driven by climate change. HWs affect public health by increasing the risk of mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Children are more vulnerable to problems such as fever caused by heatstroke, respiratory and kidney infections, as well as risks such as sudden infant death syndrome. Almost half of the HW episodes observed in South America in this century occurred in Brazil, mainly in socioeconomically vulnerable regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increase in the number of HWs is a direct consequence of climate change and has severe impacts on public health and biodiversity. Vulnerable groups suffer more from these phenomena, and social inequalities aggravate the problems. It is essential to promote awareness, implement effective public policies and encourage interdisciplinary research to mitigate the effects of HWs on society.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denise Bousfield da Silva, Mara Albonei Dudeque Pianovski, Neviçolino Pereira de Carvalho Filho
{"title":"Environmental pollution and cancer.","authors":"Denise Bousfield da Silva, Mara Albonei Dudeque Pianovski, Neviçolino Pereira de Carvalho Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify and describe pollutants with carcinogenic potential that contaminate indoor and outdoor air, food and soil.</p><p><strong>Data source: </strong>The descriptors environmental pollutants, occupational cancer, prevention and soil pollutants were used to conduct the research for literature review. Articles published from 2003 to 2024 in the electronic databases Pubmed Medline, Lilacs and Scielo, in Portuguese and English, were included.</p><p><strong>Summary of findings: </strong>There are multiple sources of pollution in the external and internal environments, including motor vehicles, industrial facilities, smoke from tobacco products, agricultural activities, fires and domestic combustion devices. The most important pollutants related to chemical substances include all forms of asbestos, benzene, exhaust gases from gasoline engines, food and water contaminants, such as arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds, in addition to persistent organic pollutants, such as dioxins. The use of fossil fuels and biomass for domestic heating are also important sources of pollution. The carcinogenic potential of pollutants varies according to the sources of pollution, climate conditions and the region's topography.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Global environmental pollution is an international public health problem with multiple health effects. Many environmental pollutants are proven to be carcinogenic to adults, while few causes have been scientifically established for children. Pollution is mainly caused by uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization. Preventing environmental exposure to carcinogenic pollutants requires both government regulation and community action and commitment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luciana Cristina Mancio Balico, Neeta Thakur, Dayna Long, Emerson Rodrigues da Silva, Vandrea Carla de Souza
{"title":"Pediatrics ACES and related life event screener (PEARLS): translation, transcultural adaptation, and validation to Brazilian Portuguese.","authors":"Luciana Cristina Mancio Balico, Neeta Thakur, Dayna Long, Emerson Rodrigues da Silva, Vandrea Carla de Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been associated with negative health outcomes. Screening for ACEs is crucial for improving health results, however, there is a shortage of standardized tools designed for children in Brazilian Portuguese. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Pediatrics ACES and Related Life Event Screener (PEARLS) for use in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study followed a methodological design for cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. The PEARLS was translated and culturally adapted following a methodology that includes translation, synthesis, expert committee evaluation, target audience evaluation, and back-translation. After adaptation, a pilot cross-sectional study was conducted at a Multidisciplinary Health Care Clinical Center and a General Hospital-Reference Center for Child and Adolescent Care to assess the instrument's internal consistency, convergent validity, content validity and test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PEARLS-Br versions for Children, Teens, and Teen Self-Report were developed and subjected to pilot testing with 202 subjects. Participants demonstrated excellent comprehension, with Verbal Rating Scale median scores of 4 (IQR 4-5). Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.78 to 0.81. Content validity, assessed by Kappa, indicated slight to almost perfect agreement across constructs. Test-retest reliability, assessed by Spearman's correlation coefficient, ranged from 0.89 to 0.94.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PEARLS-BR (Child, teen, and teen self-report versions) were successfully translated, culturally adapted, and validated for assessing ACEs in Brazilian children and adolescents. This tool fills a crucial gap in ACE assessment in the Brazilian context, aligning with global recommendations for screening ACEs to improve overall health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stela Carpini-Dantas, Gil Guerra-Junior, Andréa Trevas Maciel-Guerra, Denise Barbieri Marmo, Tarsis Paiva Vieira, Carolina Paniago Lopes, Maria Tereza Matias Baptista, André Moreno Morcillo, Sofia Helena Valente de Lemos-Marini
{"title":"Growth charts of Brazilian girls with Turner syndrome without the use of GH or oxandrolone.","authors":"Stela Carpini-Dantas, Gil Guerra-Junior, Andréa Trevas Maciel-Guerra, Denise Barbieri Marmo, Tarsis Paiva Vieira, Carolina Paniago Lopes, Maria Tereza Matias Baptista, André Moreno Morcillo, Sofia Helena Valente de Lemos-Marini","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The development of specific growth charts for Turner Syndrome (TS) promotes adequate assessment of growth and weight gain, and earlier diagnosis of comorbidities, and may help to analyze the effectiveness of treatments to promote growth and puberty. The aim of this study was to construct a growth chart with the largest possible series of patients with a cytogenetic diagnosis of TS from a Brazilian reference center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a longitudinal study, with 259 cases of TS born between 1957 and 2014 and followed between 1975 and 2019, without the use of GH or oxandrolone. 3,160 height measurements and 2,918 wt measurements were used, with subsequent calculation of the Body Mass Index (BMI). For data analysis, the \"GAMLSS\" package of the \"R\" software was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean target height was 157.8 cm (standard deviation 5.2; median 160.4 cm). The mean height of patients with TS at 20 years of age was 145.6 cm (standard deviation 5.9; median 146.7 cm). Height, weight, and BMI by age graphs were developed for TS girls between 2 and 20 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These growth charts may be used to monitor the growth of girls with TS and to verify the effect of adjuvant treatments on promoting growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shamyr Sulyvan Castro, Marcia Maria Tavares Machado, Luciano Lima Correia, Simone Farias-Antúnez, Pedro Lucas Grangeiro de Sá Barreto Lima, Sophia Costa Vasconcelos, Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim, Marcia C Castro
{"title":"Effect of sleep duration on child development in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil.","authors":"Shamyr Sulyvan Castro, Marcia Maria Tavares Machado, Luciano Lima Correia, Simone Farias-Antúnez, Pedro Lucas Grangeiro de Sá Barreto Lima, Sophia Costa Vasconcelos, Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim, Marcia C Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study's objective is to assess whether sleep duration affects Early Childhood Development (ECD). A prospective cohort study was carried out with 278 mother-child dyads in the city of Fortaleza, northeastern Brazil, with data collection every 6 months.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The data used in this study are from the third (18 months) and fourth (24 months) survey waves. Information on sleep duration was collected using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) and information on ECD using the Caregiver Reported Early Development Instrument (CREDI). Crude and adjusted regression models were run for each CREDI domain as an outcome with 5 % significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The authors found that after adjusting for maternal age and schooling, family income, and the presence of other children in the house, night sleep duration was associated with better ECD scores (cognitive: coef. 0.14; 95 % CI 0.04,0.24; language: coef. 0.10; 95 % CI 0.01,0.19; motor: coef. 0.10; 95 % CI 0.03,0.18; socio-emotional: coef. 0.16; 95 % CI 0.06,0.25; overall: coef. 0.14; 95 % CI 0.04,0.24), and the time awake at night associated with worse scores (cognitive: coef. -0.12; 95 % CI -0.23,0.02; motor: coef. -0.09; 95 % CI -0.17,-0.01; socio-emotional: coef. -0.11; 95 % CI -0.21,-0.01; overall: coef. -0.11; 95 % CI -0.21,-0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nocturnal sleep duration affects ECD as expressed in all CREDI scores (cognitive, language, motor, social-emotional, and overall).</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying adolescents with increased cardiometabolic risk-Simple, but challenging.","authors":"Eero A Haapala","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Letícia Amorim de Albuquerque, Júlia Kersting Chadanowicz, Isabela Possebon Bevilacqua, Ana Lucia Portella Staub, Pablo Brea Winckler, Patricia Zambone da Silva, Simone Chaves Fagondes, Renata Salatti Ferrari, Claudia Denise de Oliveira Trojahn, Viviane Zechlinski Sacharuk, Thayne Woycinck Kowalski, Karina Carvalho Donis, Michele Michelin Becker, Jonas Alex Morales Saute
{"title":"Clinicogenetic characterization and response to disease-modifying therapies in spinal muscular atrophy: real-world experience from a reference center in Southern Brazil.","authors":"Ana Letícia Amorim de Albuquerque, Júlia Kersting Chadanowicz, Isabela Possebon Bevilacqua, Ana Lucia Portella Staub, Pablo Brea Winckler, Patricia Zambone da Silva, Simone Chaves Fagondes, Renata Salatti Ferrari, Claudia Denise de Oliveira Trojahn, Viviane Zechlinski Sacharuk, Thayne Woycinck Kowalski, Karina Carvalho Donis, Michele Michelin Becker, Jonas Alex Morales Saute","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Spinal Muscular Atrophy linked to chromosome 5q (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive proximal muscle atrophy and weakness. This study addresses the scarcity of research on novel disease-modifying therapies for SMA in Latin America by reporting a real-world experience in Southern Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a single-center historical cohort that included all patients diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy at a Regional Reference Service for rare diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-one patients were included, of whom 7 died during follow-up. Of the remaining 74 patients, 5.4 % were classified as pre-symptomatic, 24.3 % with SMA type 1, 28.4 % with type 2, 36.5 % with type 3, and 5.4 % with type 4. The mean follow-up time ranged from 1.8 years for pre-symptomatic cases to 8.7 years for SMA types 2 and 3. Approximately 42 % of these patients received specific disease-modifying therapy, of these, 96.8 % received Nusinersen, with 19.4 % transitioning to gene therapy using Onasemnogene Abeparvovec, and 6.4 % starting Risdiplam. Most patients with SMA type 1 were on disease-modifying treatment, whereas only slightly over a third of patients with type 2 and about 10 % of type 3 were receiving such treatments. Among treated patients, 80 % demonstrated improvement in motor performance during the follow-up, with a lesser therapeutic response being associated with late initiation of treatment and low motor function scores at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This real-world study reinforces the effectiveness of disease-modifying therapies for SMA in Brazil within the context of low- and middle-income countries, which is greater the earlier and the better the patient's functional status.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Môyra A Romero, Maura M F Goto, Michelle P C d'Ouro, Maria Cecília M P Lima, Vivian F Dutra, Carolina T Mendes-Dos-Santos, Denise C C Santos
{"title":"Analysis of motor, cognitive and language performance of infants undergoing treatment for congenital hypothyroidism.","authors":"Môyra A Romero, Maura M F Goto, Michelle P C d'Ouro, Maria Cecília M P Lima, Vivian F Dutra, Carolina T Mendes-Dos-Santos, Denise C C Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate the association between the age of treatment onset and confirmatory TSH level (as an indicator of severity) with a greater risk of developmental delay in infants with congenital hypothyroidism (CH).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The authors conducted a cross-sectional, observational, unmatched case-control study at a Brazilian neonatal screening reference center. Seventy-seven infants with CH (mean age: 12 ± 6.4 months) were examined. The authors evaluated their performance using the Bayley-III Screening Test and categorized them as \"LOWER RISK\" (competent category) or \"GREATER RISK\" (combined at-risk + emergent categories) for developmental delay based on the 25<sup>th</sup> percentile cutoff.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infants with CH are at a higher risk of non-competent performance in cognition, receptive language, fine motor skills, and gross motor skills when compared to infants without CH. This risk is more pronounced in infants with more severe indications of CH (TSH > 30 μUI/L in the confirmatory test) for cognition (OR = 5.64; p = 0.01), receptive language (OR = 14.68; p = 0.000), fine motor skills (OR = 8.25; p = 0.000), and gross motor skills (OR = 5.00; p = 0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The level of TSH in the confirmatory test can be a good indicator for identifying infants with CH who are at a higher risk of non-competent performance in cognition, receptive language, and motor skills. Monitoring development, early detection of delays, and intervention programs are particularly important for infants with CH.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical, laboratory and neuroimaging profile of patient's cohort with septo-optic dysplasia treated at a pediatric university hospital.","authors":"Tabatha P C Braga, Izabel C R Beserra","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is a relatively rare clinical condition. However, there has been a significant increase in its incidence over the years. Diagnosis is clinical and made when there are at least 2 components of the classic triad: Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), midline malformation, and pituitary dysfunction. This study aims to describe the clinical and complementary exam characteristics of patients with SOD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of review of medical records of 48 patients cohort (24 female) with SOD followed to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age at diagnosis was 3.90 ± 3.85 years. Maternal age was ≤ 25 years at the time of delivery in 50% (24/48) of cases. Visual and developmental impairment was observed in 21 (43.7%) and nystagmus in 15 patients. Fourteen of them developed short stature. Regarding the diagnostic criteria for SOD: 92.6% (38/41) had ONH (78.9% bilaterally), 95.3% (41/43) had structural midline abnormalities, 85.7% (24/28) had hypothalamic-pituitary region alterations, and 73% had at least one hormonal deficiency, of which 2/3 had multiple pituitary dysfunctions. The most frequent deficiencies were thyroid-stimulating hormone and growth hormone, and the average age at diagnosis of the first dysfunction was 4.25 ± 3.71 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical manifestations that most led to early suspicion were developmental delay, nystagmus and visual impairment. More than 1/3 of the patients had the complete triad and 2/3 developed multiple pituitary deficiencies, with TSH deficiency being the most prevalent followed by GH deficiency. Patients with ONH or midline structural changes should undergo endocrine evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renata G Oliveira, Maria C Achcar-Feih, Vicky Nogueira-Pileggi, Adriana Carnevale-Silva, Fabio Carmona, Davi C Aragon, Mariana M Oliveira, Luciana M M Fonseca, Larissa G Alves, Vanessa S Bomfim, Tânia M B Trevilato, Isabela Spido-Dias, Fabio V Ued, Marisa M Mussi-Pinhata, Jose S Camelo
{"title":"Analysis of zinc and copper levels in very low birth weight infants using human milk additives: phase 1 trial findings.","authors":"Renata G Oliveira, Maria C Achcar-Feih, Vicky Nogueira-Pileggi, Adriana Carnevale-Silva, Fabio Carmona, Davi C Aragon, Mariana M Oliveira, Luciana M M Fonseca, Larissa G Alves, Vanessa S Bomfim, Tânia M B Trevilato, Isabela Spido-Dias, Fabio V Ued, Marisa M Mussi-Pinhata, Jose S Camelo","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess whether the micronutrients zinc and copper, provided by human milk additives, are sufficient for very low birth weight preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A phase 1 randomized double-blind controlled trial was conducted with very low birth weight preterm infants. This is a secondary analysis of copper and zinc. Sixty-six newborns were part of the initial sample, with forty participating and reaching the final stage of the study. Inclusion criteria were: gestational age less than 37 weeks, birth weight greater than or equal to 750 g and less than or equal to 1500 g, small or appropriate for gestational age, exclusively receiving human milk at a volume greater than or equal to 100 mL per kilogram per day, and hemodynamically stable. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: intervention, Lioneo (received human milk with additive based on lyophilized human milk), n = 20, and control, HMCA (received human milk with commercial additive based on cow's milk protein), n = 20, and their serum levels of zinc and copper were measured on the first and twenty-first days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a reduction in intragroup zinc serum levels from the first to the twenty-first day of the study (p < 0.01). There was no intergroup difference. No difference was found in serum copper levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Human milk additives were not sufficient to maintain adequate zinc serum levels in very low birth weight newborns. It was not possible to affirm whether human milk additives were sufficient to maintain adequate serum copper levels in the studied sample. UTN: U1111-1220-0550.</p>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}