Irrigation and Drainage最新文献

{"title":"A new method of estimating infiltration parameters for furrow irrigation","authors":"George Kargas,&nbsp;Leonidas Mindrinos","doi":"10.1002/ird.3016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we present new two-point and one-point methods for estimating infiltration parameters in furrow irrigation. It is assumed that infiltration and waterfront advance along the furrow follow the Valiantzas two-parameter infiltration and power advance equations, respectively. The two parameters, the sorptivity (<i>S</i>) and the saturated hydraulic conductivity (<i>K</i>_s), are estimated by solving a quadratic equation. The presented solution of the infiltration-advance problem is one of the few that uses physically significant parameters (<i>S</i>, <i>K</i>_s), which can provide adequate infiltration and advance behaviour at all time scales. The prediction of infiltration from the proposed methods is compared with experimental data and with the two-point method of Ebrahimian et al. and the one-point method of Shepard et al. The values of <i>S</i> between the two-point methods are nearly identical in all cases, while the values of the <i>A</i>/<i>K</i>_s ratio range from 0.48 to 0.89 (parameter <i>A</i> is related to <i>K</i>_s). Regarding the one-point method, the two examined methods yield similar <i>S</i> values as their relationship is given by the equation <i>S</i>_Shepard = 1.043 <i>S</i>_new (coefficient of determination \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>R</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0</mn>\u0000 <mo>.</mo>\u0000 <mn>999</mn></math>), while the values of the parameters <i>A</i> and <i>K</i>_s are linked by the equation \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mi>Α</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0.69</mn>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>K</mi>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 </msub></math>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 2","pages":"658-672"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ird.3016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water withdrawal and sustainability concerns in sugarcane cultivation in Western India: An application of the SURE model","authors":"T. Kingsly Immanuelraj,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Mohan,&nbsp;Arivelarasan Tamilarasu,&nbsp;Sant Kumar","doi":"10.1002/ird.3014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.3014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study attempts to quantify farmers' response to output and input prices for irrigation water use to examine the issue of sustainability in sugarcane cultivation in Maharashtra, India. We used a seemingly unrelated regression estimator (SURE) to estimate a translog profit function model. Secondary data on production costs covering the period of 1971–2021 were used. The results show that the sugarcane price affects not only production but also irrigation demand. The elasticity of irrigation demand with respect to the output price is highly responsive (i.e. 1.94), which could be the main reason for groundwater extraction. The continuous increase in the guaranteed price of sugarcane and the relatively lower cost of irrigation motivate farmers to continue sugarcane cultivation. The findings of this study justify significant policy interventions for the sustainable production of sugarcane in Maharashtra.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 2","pages":"765-779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving rice yield and water productivity in lowland rice systems: A global meta-analysis exploring the synergy of agro-ecological practices and water management technologies","authors":"Bio Zimé Sounon Orou,&nbsp;André Adjogboto,&nbsp;Sissou Zakari,&nbsp;Pierre G. Tovihoudji,&nbsp;P. B. Irénikatché Akponikpè,&nbsp;Marnik Vanclooster","doi":"10.1002/ird.3005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.3005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This meta-analysis evaluated the impact of agro-ecological practices and water management techniques on lowland rice yield and water productivity (WP). A total of 573 observations were collected from 56 articles that met specific criteria from 445 publications. Five water management practices were assessed: continuous flooding (CF), soil saturation (SS), moderate (AWDm) and severe (AWDs) alternate wetting and drying, and the aerobic rice system (ARS). The response ratios (RRs) of yield and WP were compared for crop management, soil fertility, weed control and evaporation. The integration of agro-ecological practices such as short-cycle rice varieties, crop rotation, organic nutrient application and mechanical weeding with water management led to similar yields across CF, SS, AWDm and AWDs, with ARS consistently yielding the lowest yields. However, medium- and long-cycle varieties under AWDs experienced yield losses of 11 and 13%, respectively. Mineral fertilizer combined with AWDs resulted in a 14% lower yield than did CF. Mechanical weeding increased the rice yield and WP by 10 and 10% in SS, and only WP by 35% in AWDs, whereas chemical weeding decreased the yield by 13% in AWDs. Crop rotation enhanced yield and WP by 13 and 12%, respectively, under AWDm compared to that under CF. WP was greater under AWDs (36%) and AWDm (12%) than under CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"471-489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proposal for an academy to deliver capacity building in agricultural water management with particular reference to irrigation","authors":"Bruce Lankford,&nbsp;Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi","doi":"10.1002/ird.3015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper proposes a capacity-building programme (CBP) on water for food/agricultural water management in sub-Saharan Africa contained within an academy on the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus. The paper is informed by a study funded by the International Water Management Institute and supported by the Water Research Commission of South Africa. It also reports on a stakeholder consultation workshop on 26 April 2023 in Pretoria, South Africa. It identifies key components of capacity-building design and delivery, including six teaching and learning pathways. These are managed ad hoc self-directed learning; continuing professional development; short-course training; vocational college training; part-time online postgraduate training; and full-time in-person postgraduate training. The accompanying budget analysis is speculative based on the size of the student cohorts per year for each of the six CBP pathways. The total budget of the academy is estimated at approximately US$60 million for a 10-year programme training 2,800 individuals. This works out at an average per-student cost of US$21,600. One question, debated at the stakeholder workshop but unresolved, was the emphasis on irrigation versus the agricultural water management continuum including rainfed agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"73 5","pages":"1869-1884"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ird.3015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using industrial computed tomography to determine the spatial distribution of clogging substances in drip irrigation emitter flow channels","authors":"Yuqian Yao,&nbsp;Yan Shen,&nbsp;Changjian Ma,&nbsp;Kai Zhang,&nbsp;Jingzhi Li,&nbsp;Yang Xiao,&nbsp;Yunkai Li","doi":"10.1002/ird.3012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drip irrigation using poor-quality water is effective for addressing agricultural water shortages, but it can lead to emitter clogging. However, little is known about the formation behaviour of clogging substances inside emitters when using reclaimed effluent. This study used industrial computed tomography (ICT) to determine the spatial distribution of clogging substances within emitter flow channels. The results showed that 21%–27% of the clogging substances were on the top face, and 20%–26% were on the substrate face, with less than 20% on the downstream and root faces. Clogging substances concentrated at the front of flow channels accounted for 38%–61% of the first structural unit. As the flow channel length increased, there was a significant fluctuation in the volume of clogging substances on the upstream and downstream faces, while changes on the upstream face, downstream face and root face exhibited relatively minor fluctuations. It is recommended to focus on controlling clogging substances on the top and substrate faces, as well as at the front of the emitter flow channel. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the spatial distribution of clogging substances in emitter flow channels, which is crucial for the development of anti-clogging emitters and the promotion of poor-quality water drip irrigation technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"71-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QGIS-based support tools to simplify the complex design challenges of subsurface drainage systems","authors":"Anamelechi Falasy,&nbsp;Richard Cooke","doi":"10.1002/ird.3011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We developed a comprehensive set of tools to simplify the design and layout of subsurface drainage systems. These tools, which utilize publicly available LiDAR (light detection and ranging) datasets, may also be used for other applications. The tool streamline operations include harmonizing geographic information system (GIS) layers into a single State Plane or Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinate System, clipping and thinning LiDAR data within a defined boundary, generating drainage networks with contour lines and laylines for surface flow visualization, identifying depressions and creating gridlines with user-specified angles and spacings. To showcase their use, an illustrative example using a diverse dataset from the University of Illinois’ South Farm is provided. These user-friendly tools, optimized for compatibility with all versions of QGIS3 (quantum geographic information system 3), are freely accessible for download or installation from the official QGIS plugin repository. A user manual with step-by-step instructions is available online on the <i>Illinois Drainage Guide</i> website.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"199-215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ird.3011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of integrating deficit irrigation and carbonate foliar fertilizers into the system of rice intensification on water productivity","authors":"Gloria Aseru,&nbsp;Andrew K. P. R. Tarimo,&nbsp;Festo Richard Silungwe","doi":"10.1002/ird.3010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of the system of rice intensification (SRI), deficit irrigation and foliar fertilizer application has proven to be effective in enhancing water productivity (WP) individually. However, information on their combined effects is limited. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of integrating deficit irrigation and carbonate foliar fertilizer (Lithovit) application into the SRI on WP. This study was conducted under the Mkindo Irrigation Scheme in Mvomero, Morogoro, Tanzania, during the dry and wet seasons (October 2020 to June 2021). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three levels of irrigation for the main plots, which were 100% of the irrigation water requirement (40 mm) imitating the SRI alternate wetting and drying pattern and induced deficit irrigation applied at 80% and 50% of the irrigation water requirement as IR₁₀₀, IR₈₀ and IR₅₀, respectively. In addition, there were five subplot fertilizer treatments: (A) diammonium phosphate (DAP) and urea (normal practice); (B) DAP, urea and 100% of the recommended foliar fertilizer (Lithovit standard); (C) DAP, 50% (Lithovit and urea); (D) Lithovit standard only; and (E) no fertilizer. The combined irrigation and fertilizer treatments tested were IR100A, IR100B, IR100C, IR100D, IR100E, IR80A, IR80B, IR80C, IR80D, IR80E, IR50A, IR50B, IR50C, IR50D and IR50E. The highest and lowest WP were 0.851 kg/m³ and 0.562 kg/m³ for IR₈₀B and IR₈₀E, respectively, for the dry season. For the wet season, the highest and lowest WP were 0.540 kg/m³ and 0.306 kg/m³ for IR₅₀B and IR₅₀E, respectively. WP is attributed to the SRI and Lithovit, which act as long-term reservoirs for carbon dioxide, especially during water stress periods. Thus, integrating deficit irrigation and carbonate foliar fertilizers improves WP in rice cultivation. This study demonstrated that this approach can lead to significant water savings while improving rice yields. This integrated approach can be adapted and optimized based on the specific conditions and requirements of different agroecological contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"375-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of climate change projections in drainage project planning for agricultural infrastructure in Japan","authors":"Takuya Takigawa,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Watanabe,&nbsp;Shinya Tsuruda,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yuasa,&nbsp;Naoyuki Hotta,&nbsp;Kenji Washino","doi":"10.1002/ird.3007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Japan, agricultural drainage facilities such as pumping stations and drains are designed by calculating an approximately 10–30-year return period based on observed precipitation in the past. However, damage to farmlands and agricultural facilities caused by heavy rainfall has become more severe and frequent in Japan. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF) is urged to develop new design standards in consideration of projected future precipitation, keeping in mind that MAFF needs to avoid building unnecessarily large-scale facilities. Therefore, more accurate and reasonable projection methods for precipitation are needed. Based on recent advancements and discussions of climate change projections through the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Japanese universities and research institutes are developing datasets for future precipitation projections, especially for assessing weather extremes in small areas. In light of the above, we conducted a case study in a model area to design drainage facilities using the latest climate change outlook. This study introduces how to apply climate change projection in drainage project planning for agricultural infrastructure in Japan and shows the result of future projections in the selected area.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"73 5","pages":"1838-1843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple soil water monitoring tools increase yield and income of smallholder farmers in Malawi: A case study of four irrigation schemes","authors":"Jonathan T. Chikankheni,&nbsp;Richard Stirzaker,&nbsp;Craig Strong,&nbsp;Isaac R. Fandika,&nbsp;Grivin Chipula","doi":"10.1002/ird.3013","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.3013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The area under irrigation in Malawi has increased, but productivity is still low due to farmers' lack of irrigation knowledge. This paper describes a ‘people-centred learning’ approach aimed at improving water management in smallholder irrigation schemes. The work was conducted in Malawi, where farmers at the Bwanje, Tadala, Nanzolo and Matabwa irrigation schemes were provided with soil water sensors that showed whether the soil was wet, moist or dry using colours, making it easy for farmers to understand. Indicators related to water management and soil water status were monitored during the 2017 and 2018 irrigation seasons. The yield and gross margins were then assessed. The results show that farmers can effectively identify irrigation-related problems and act on the information provided by the tools. The yield increased by more than 80%, and the gross margins increased by more than threefold across all the schemes. Based on the findings outlined, the use of soil water sensors enhances farmers' understanding of water management, prompting behavioural changes and measurable improvements in irrigation productivity. Furthermore, this study concludes that improving farmers' knowledge is essential for transforming smallholder irrigation schemes into profitable and sustainable investments.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"458-470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141808435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding and controlling chemical clogging in drip irrigation: Integrating experimental methods, density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Ben-Aazza Said,&nbsp;El Housse Mohamed,&nbsp;Hadfi Abdallah,&nbsp;El Ibrahimi Brahim,&nbsp;Karmal Ilham,&nbsp;Belattar M'barek,&nbsp;Mustapha Nassiri,&nbsp;Sara Darbal,&nbsp;Taibah Adakhil,&nbsp;Yassine Riadi,&nbsp;Driouiche Ali","doi":"10.1002/ird.3009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.3009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The chemical clogging of water drips is the main obstacle to the adoption and spread of microirrigation technology. The aim of this research is to understand the scaling phenomenon by identifying the substances responsible for emitter clogging using a combination of different methods of characterization and to investigate the effectiveness of a new product ‘Melacide P/2’ as a calcium carbonate scale inhibitor. A non-electrochemical method from the Laboratory of Chemistry and Genie of the Environment (LCGE) was employed to investigate the effect of the inhibitor against calcium carbonate precipitation at 25°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the effect of Melacide P/2 on the scale morphology and crystalline phases. Density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were performed to support the experimental results. Characterization techniques revealed that the scale recovered from the drips consisted mainly of calcium carbonate, a variety of calcite. The experimental data indicate the likelihood of preventing calcium carbonate precipitation after the addition of a very small amount (0.30 mg L⁻¹) of Melacide P/2 under the conditions of the experiment. XRD and SEM revealed that the inhibitor tested has the potential to disrupt or block regular CaCO₃ crystal growth and transform a more stable and adherent scale of calcite to aragonite, which is easy to eliminate. The theoretical approach adopted supports the experimental findings. Therefore, Melacide P/2 could be used as a cost-effective green-scale inhibitor to protect microirrigation systems from unwanted scale formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"55-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141810462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}