Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system最新文献

{"title":"On architecture transparency in operating systems","authors":"Danilo Beuche, A. A. Fröhlich, R. Meyer, Holger Papajewski, F. Schön, Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat, O. Spinczyk, Ute Spinczyk","doi":"10.1145/566726.566758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566758","url":null,"abstract":"Operating-system development for deeply embedded parallel/distributed systems sometimes may become a fairly challenging undertaking. Here, the phrase deeply embedded\" refers to systems forced to operate under extreme resource constraints in terms of memory, CPU, and power consumption. The notion parallel/distributed\" relates to the fact that embedded systems are becoming more and more complex. Typical cases where appliances are to be controlled by systems like this come from the automotive eld. From the perspective of a computer-science engineer, today's cars are distributed systems on wheels. Their operation is made feasible by a fairly large number of networked electronic control units (ECU), or controllers, with each ECU being equipped with a thimble full of memory only. Depending on the requested furnishings, cars with 70 ECUs and 4KB of memory per ECU are no rarity any longer. Aircrafts are much more complexer distributed systems: a Boing 747 is own by about 1400 processors. The market of such systems is huge and is subject to an","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"55 15","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120884898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiprocessing and portability for PDAs","authors":"G. Czajkowski","doi":"10.1145/566726.566733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566733","url":null,"abstract":"The role of small devices in the emerging all-connected computer infrastructure is growing. So are the requirements that the application execution environments face. Portability, mobility, resource scarcity, and security concerns aggravated by often unknown sources of executed code combine together to create a challenging design and implementation task. It has been extensively argued and demonstrated that safe languages can solve some of these problems. In this paper, we focus on the multiprocessing aspect. We argue, in the context of the Java™ programming language, that multiprocessing execution environments based on safe languages for small devices can be built. However, in order to achieve lightweight and robust designs one has to consider a departure from replicating time-proven, traditional OS structure in the Java Virtual Machine (JVM™).","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127144925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximate interactions of wireless appliances","authors":"M. Banâtre, P. Couderc, Jean-Marc Menaud, F. Weis","doi":"10.1145/566726.566755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566755","url":null,"abstract":"Development and progress of appliances enable to envision the design of new application classes that exploit direct communication with a limited range. Mobile users will be able to exchange information dynamically and spontaneously when they are physically close together. The purpose of this position paper is to discuss about some research problems related to these new usage scenarios.","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132816710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context-aware multimedia computing in the intelligent hospital","authors":"S. Mitchell, M. D. Spiteri, J. Bates, G. Coulouris","doi":"10.1145/566726.566730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566730","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an application middleware that addresses the requirement for immediate high-quality multimedia communications in environments where users' work practices exhibit a large degree of physical mobility. A modern hospital is one such environment, with diverse, often mission-critical, communication needs that are not addressed adequately by existing systems. By integrating a multimedia framework with an event-based notification system, we are developing QoS DREAM, a platform that can provide seamless, context-sensitive communications, which can adapt to users' location and even follow them around. This paper describes how we are using QoS DREAM to design what we term our concept of the \"Intelligent Hospital\". We also introduce a usability study that we are currently engaged in. This is allowing us to determine a realistic set of communication and information access requirements within a busy hospital environment. We conclude by illustrating a prototype of the system.","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133450619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congestion prices as feedback signals: an approach to QoS management","authors":"R. Neugebauer, D. McAuley","doi":"10.1145/566726.566748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566748","url":null,"abstract":"Recently there has been a renewed interest in the application of economic models to the management of computational resources. Most of this interest is focused on pricing models for the Internet; in particular, on congestion or shadow prices, that address the phenomenon of what economists call external costs --- users are exposed to the costs they impose on other users when causing congestion of a resource.This paper describes how congestion prices can be applied to resource management in operating systems. Shadow prices are interpreted as feedback signals to applications which can adjust their resource requirements according to an application-specific strategy. This leads to a decentralised approach of resource management where applications are enabled and encouraged to perform resource and quality tradeoffs themselves. We have implemented a simulation environment and a number of strategies to evaluate the usefulness of congestion prices as a feedback signal and demonstrate that this approach can offer different service levels to different tasks. We also discuss how the simulation results can be applied in a real operating system and how this work can be extended to form a generic resource management framework.","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130386113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research issues in developing a platform for spatial-aware applications","authors":"Peter Coschurba, Uwe Kubach, Alexander Leonhardi","doi":"10.1145/566726.566759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566759","url":null,"abstract":"Applications that take into account the location or the context of their users are growing in importance. Examples for such applications are \"Guide\" [Davis et al. 1998], an interactive tourist guide developed at Lancaster University or Stick-e-Notes (University of Kent) [Brown 1995], a kind of virtual PostIt, that allows to annotate a context with an object (e.g. a notice). Context-aware applications are developed isolated from each other. No sharing of components or interaction between the different applications is possible. We propose an open platform for such applications. Such a platform would allow an easier implementation of such applications and allow a sharing of components. In the development of such a platform a number of issues from various research areas arise. In the interdisciplinary Nexus project we are currently developing such a platform.The remainder of this paper is structured as follows: The basic idea of the Nexus project will be discussed in the next section. Section 3 will introduce the proposed architecture of the Nexus platform. In the following section we will take a look at specific research topics. We finally conclude the paper in section 5.","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114216388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New channels, old concerns: scalable and reliable data dissemination","authors":"C. Allison, D. McPherson, D. Husemann","doi":"10.1145/566726.566753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566753","url":null,"abstract":"An interesting trend in the continuing convergence of information technologies is the emergence of the Internet as a content provider in its own right, as opposed to its simply being one of many delivery channels. For example, it is increasingly the primary source for items such as court rulings and software releases. Unfortunately the IP protocols normally employed for reliable data transfer are of the point-to-point type and not well suited to large-scale one-to-many dissemination. Sudden rushes to obtain new items can cause severe traffic congestion and degrade network service across a whole region. Even worse, sites which are routinely popular cause routine congestion. Broadcast technologies should be able to provide a better solution in terms of scalability. The Internet has a mature protocol suite for IP multicast and more recently the traditional wireless broadcast industry has started moving from analog to digital transmission formats. However, in both these cases the emphasis in protocol development has been on support for continuous media, which requires timeliness of delivery rather than bit-perfect data integrity. A further problem with the new digital broadcast channels is their lack of support for integration with the Internet. This paper examines some of the issues involved in providing both reliable and scalable dissemination across broadcast channels and describes the DABWeb architecture for Internet content dissemination via digital broadcast.","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122394562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Easing the management of data-parallel systems via adaptation","authors":"David Petrou, Khalil Amiri, G. Ganger, Garth A. Gibson","doi":"10.1145/566726.566750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566750","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years we have seen an enormous growth in the size and prevalence of data processing workloads [Fayyad 1998, Gray 1997]. The picture that is becoming increasingly common is depicted in Figure 1. In it, organizations or resourceful individuals provide services via a set of loosely-coupled workstation nodes. The service is usually some form of data-mining like searching, filtering, or image recognition. Clients, which could be machines running web browsers, not only initiate requests, but also partake in the processing, with the goal of reducing the request turnaround. That is, when the servers are overloaded, clients with spare cycles take some of the computational burden. Naturally, many aspects of such a system cannot be determined at design time. E.g., exactly how much work a client should do depends on the computational resources available at the client and server cluster, the network bandwidth unused between them, and the workload demand. This position paper is interested in this and other aspects that must be divined at run-time to provide high performance and availability in data-parallel systems.What makes system tuning especially hard is that it's not possible to find the right knob-settings once and for all. A system upgrade or component failure may change the appropriate degree of data-parallelism. Changes in usable bandwidth may ask for a different partitioning of code among the client and server cluster. Moreover, an application may go through distinct phases during its execution. We should checkpoint the application for fault-tolerance less often during those phases in which checkpointing takes longer. Finally, the system needs to effectively allocate resources to concurrent applications, which can start at any time and which benefit differently from having these resources. In summary, we argue that in the future a significant fraction of computing will happen on architectures like Figure 1, and that, due to the architectures' inherent complexity, high availability and fast turnaround can only be realized by dynamically tuning a number of system parameters.Our position is that this tuning should be provided automatically by the system. The contrasting, application-specific view, contends that, to the extent possible, policies should be made by applications since they can make more informed optimizations. However, this requires a great deal of sophistication from the programmer. Further, it requires programmer time, one of the most scarce resources in systems building today.Toward our goal, we contribute a framework that is sufficiently rich to express a variety of interesting data-parallel applications, but which is also restricted enough so that the system can tune itself. These applications are built atop the ABACUS migration system, whose object placement algorithms are extended to reason about how many nodes should participate in a data-parallel computation, how to split up application objects among a client and server c","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126631619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building appliances out of components using Pebble","authors":"K. Magoutis, J. Brustoloni, E. Gabber, Wee Teck Ng, A. Silberschatz","doi":"10.1145/566726.566769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566769","url":null,"abstract":"Appliances are special purpose systems that offer high processing speed, ease of configuration, safety, fault isolation, and minimal need for administration by human experts. Traditional approaches to building an appliance operating system have been either building it from scratch [CacheOS] or stripping down a monolithic kernel to its basic components [Jaeger99]. The former approach is costly and the resulting product is likely to be highly specialized and not easily extensible. The latter approach is not easy, as the OS code and data structures are often shared and closely intertwined. The resulting OS is also likely to be coarse-grained and not easily customizable. Most appliances are network-centric (e.g. HTTP caches, proxies, file servers, routers) in the sense that they require high-performance network connections. Such performance is often achieved with application-specific specialization of system I/O [Cao95] requiring a modification of a portion of the operating system, such as the protocol stack or the file system.Safety is a major concern for appliances, since new functions are constantly added, and there is never enough time to debug all possible interactions, especially when third party software is running on the appliance. The problem is more severe with legacy software written in C or other unsafe languages (in contrast with type-safe languages such as Java). Extensible routers are an example of network appliances where custom software processing has to be quickly added and safety is paramount. Diagnostic code and custom (e.g. multimedia) schedulers are also examples of extensions that appliances will need to support.Resource management is especially important for appliances. New operating system abstractions such as paths [Mosberger96], resource containers [Banga99], reservation domains [Bruno98] and activities [Jones95] have been proposed for resource management and control. We believe that an appliance operating system should be flexible enough to support such abstractions. It should also be able to overlay resource management in modular operating systems without such support.Pebble [Gabber99] is a component-based operating system that combines efficient IPC with strong modularity and safety features. Pebble provides the necessary infrastructure for building fine-grained, modular operating systems for appliances out of reusable components. We found that a typical network appliance application (e.g. a Web server) built on Pebble using components has comparable performance to a traditional monolithic kernel. In this way, there is no performance reason not to use a safer, more modular component structure for such appliances. Moreover, we claim that Pebble is a general purpose operating system framework that allows us to implement diverse OS structures and mechanisms, alleviating the need for writing specialized operating systems from scratch.","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125040848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The data management problem in post-pc devices and a solution","authors":"R. Gummadi, R. Katz","doi":"10.1145/566726.566764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/566726.566764","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for network-enabled limited-footprint mobile devices is increasing rapidly. A central challenge that must be addressed in order to use these next-generation devices effectively is efficient data management --- persistent data manipulated or required by applications executing on these computationally and communicationally impoverished devices must be consistently managed and made highly available. This data management has traditionally been the responsibility of the OS on which applications execute. In this paper, we extend this conventional OS functionality to include post-pc devices. We propose a novel programmatic solution to the problem of maintaining high data availability while attaining eventual consistency [16] in the presence of mobility and disconnected operations, device and network failures, and limited device capabilities. We achieve this by using a combination of a novel proxy architecture, a split request-reply queue based on soft-state principles, and a two-tier update/commit protocol. We also exploit strong object typing to provide application-specific conflict handling in order to attain faster eventual consistency, as well as greater probability of automatic reconciliation.","PeriodicalId":147728,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130971243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}