Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly最新文献_第10页

Three Decades of Safeguarding and Promoting Use of Agricultural Biodiversity: Changing Global Perspectives, Paradigm Shifts and Implications 保护和促进农业生物多样性利用的三十年:不断变化的全球视角、范式转变及其影响

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.419

Y. Morimoto, P. Maundu

{"title":"Three Decades of Safeguarding and Promoting Use of Agricultural Biodiversity: Changing Global Perspectives, Paradigm Shifts and Implications","authors":"Y. Morimoto, P. Maundu","doi":"10.6090/jarq.55.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6090/jarq.55.419","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we explore the global shifts in research priorities and strategies with respect to Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) over a period of nearly 3 decades and also look at changes in donor strategies over the same period, with specific reference to Japanese support to PGR work. We conducted a quantitative text analysis based on reports published by Bioversity International, a leader in PGR issues, and looked at changes in the frequency of appearance of certain terms and words over a 22-year period (1998-2020), divided into six phases. Results show that over the period, Bioversity International’s focus transitioned from an emphasis on collection of genetic resources and conservation in genebanks to conservation through sustainable use across generations. This evolved further to “food” -centered approaches. More recently, the emphasis is shifting to “food system” approaches with emphasis on the linkages between agriculture, environment and nutrition. The priority issues of the organization at the different phases are presented. Over the same period, Japanese government investment strategies have shifted from supporting PGR collection work to building capacity of researchers (in both source countries and Japan) and creating more benefits from PGR including nutrition, health and economic benefits to local societies who are the keepers of the PGR. The involvement of Japanese researchers, including the main author, in the various research activities characteristic of the different phases of the transition is presented. In the current global shift towards food systems approaches where the linkage of agriculture, nutrition, and the environment is emphasized, and the involvement of the private sector encouraged, partnerships with resource rich counters will be considered important in PGR activities in the future. Discipline: Biotechnology Additional key words: conservation, Japan’s assistance, plant genetic resources","PeriodicalId":14700,"journal":{"name":"Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85730130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Change and Social Forestry: An Overview of CIFOR Research on Enhancing Resilience in Boreal and Tropical Forest Landscape 气候变化与社会林业:增强北方和热带森林景观恢复力的CIFOR研究综述

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.543

D. Naito, M. Moeliono, V. Chakov, V. Kuptsova, Kusin Kitso, W. Lintangah, R. Martin, N. Yulianti

引用次数: 0

Improving the Livelihood of Livestock and Farmers and Public Health in Developing Countries through the Provision of Solutions for the Various Risks They Face 通过为发展中国家牲畜和农民面临的各种风险提供解决方案，改善它们的生计和公共卫生

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.533

K. Makita, Munenobu Ikegami, Tomoya Matsumoto

引用次数: 0

Agriculture in the Semi-Arid Tropics with Sustainable Use of Scarce Resources: Contribution of Japanese Scientists through Collaboration with ICRISAT 可持续利用稀缺资源的半干旱热带农业:日本科学家与ICRISAT合作的贡献

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.433

S. Tobita

引用次数: 0

Fish in Sustainable Food Systems of the 21st Century: Role of WorldFish Research on Food and Nutrition Security, Gender Equity, and Natural Resource Conservation 21世纪可持续粮食系统中的鱼类:世界鱼类研究在粮食和营养安全、性别平等和自然资源保护方面的作用

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.553

Y. Kura, N. Kawarazuka

引用次数: 1

Distribution of Pink-pigmented Facultative Methylotrophs Isolated from the Leaves of Potato Grown in Different Regions of Japan 日本不同地区马铃薯叶片中粉色兼性甲基营养体的分布

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.341

N. Someya, M. Kubota, Y. Unno, T. Morohoshi

引用次数: 0

Technology Development for Stable Agricultural Production under Adverse Environments and Changing Climate Conditions 不利环境和气候变化条件下稳定农业生产的技术开发

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.295

K. Nakashima, T. Urao, Donghe Xu, S. Ando, Masayasu Kato

{"title":"Technology Development for Stable Agricultural Production under Adverse Environments and Changing Climate Conditions","authors":"K. Nakashima, T. Urao, Donghe Xu, S. Ando, Masayasu Kato","doi":"10.6090/jarq.55.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6090/jarq.55.295","url":null,"abstract":"The second of the United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals aims to end hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. However, it is well known that the agricultural potential in developing regions including Africa has not been fully realized because adverse environments and changing climate conditions impose abiotic (e.g., low soil fertility, droughts) and biotic (e.g., pests, diseases) stresses on plant growth and development. To ensure food and nutrition security in such regions, the Environmental Stress-tolerant Crops project, the High-yielding Biomass Crops project and the Pest and Disease Control project in the Program for Stable Agricultural Production at the Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences aimed to develop technologies and crops with high productivity and adaptability to adverse environments and changing climate conditions. In order to develop crops with environmental stress tolerance and disease resistance, we have clarified and used the genes and loci involved in these traits toward the development of breeding materials. And in order to develop technology for effectively controlling transboundary pests, we have elucidated the ecology of their occurrence and developed pest management technology based on that information. We hope that these materials and technologies will contribute to achieving food and nutrition security in developing regions.","PeriodicalId":14700,"journal":{"name":"Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly","volume":"399 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84845189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

General Utilities for Genotyping Study (GUGS): A Comprehensive Application in Genotype and Sequence Data Manipulation 基因分型研究的通用工具(GUGS):基因分型和序列数据操作的综合应用

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.333

T. Shimizu

引用次数: 0

Reference Genome Sequencing and Advances in Genomic Resources in Common Wheat–Chromosome 6B Project in Japan 普通小麦参考基因组测序及基因组资源研究进展-日本6B染色体项目

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.285

F. Kobayashi, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, H. Kanamori, Jianzhon Wu, H. Handa

{"title":"Reference Genome Sequencing and Advances in Genomic Resources in Common Wheat–Chromosome 6B Project in Japan","authors":"F. Kobayashi, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, H. Kanamori, Jianzhon Wu, H. Handa","doi":"10.6090/jarq.55.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6090/jarq.55.285","url":null,"abstract":"By successfully sequencing the entire genome of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 2018, the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) achieved its goal of publishing the first reference genome sequence of this important crop. During this period, various technological innovations have dramatically evolved genome sequencing technology; these advances have made it possible to rapidly decode large and complex genomes, including that of polyploid wheat. IWGSC completed reference genome sequence by exploiting these latest technologies via two primary approaches, “whole-genome sequencing” and “sequencing by chromosome.” As collaborators in the IWGSC project, a Japanese research team led by the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization was responsible for sequencing chromosome 6B, one of the 21 wheat chromosomes, and contributed to constructing the reference genome sequence. This article presents an outline of reference genome sequence construction and provides an overview of the common wheat genome information obtained. Moreover, it describes the methods used to sequence chromosome 6B, together with the associated analytical data and novel knowledge, including the structural analyses of Nor-B2 and Gli-B2 obtained during this work. Furthermore, it describes the recently undertaken sequencing of the genomes of diploid and tetraploid wheat and reviews the overall development of wheat genomic resources. Discipline: Biotechnology Additional key words: bacterial artificial chromosome library, next-generation sequencing, physical mapping, shotgun sequencing","PeriodicalId":14700,"journal":{"name":"Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80480916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Diurnal Dynamics of Nectar Secretion in Cucurbita maxima Duch: Implications for Effective Pollen Transfer by Japanese Wild Pollinators 大葫芦花蜜分泌的日动态:日本野生传粉媒介有效花粉传递的意义

IF 0.4 4区农林科学

Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.6090/jarq.55.323

Shoko Nakamura, Hisatomo Taki, Y. Konno

{"title":"Diurnal Dynamics of Nectar Secretion in Cucurbita maxima Duch: Implications for Effective Pollen Transfer by Japanese Wild Pollinators","authors":"Shoko Nakamura, Hisatomo Taki, Y. Konno","doi":"10.6090/jarq.55.323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6090/jarq.55.323","url":null,"abstract":"To determine whether visits by wild pollinators correspond well with the physiological patterns of animal-pollinated crops, we investigated the diurnal dynamics of nectar secretion in the male and female flowers of cultivated kabocha squash Cucurbita maxima Duch, and its effect on the temporal visitation pattern by bumblebees, their Japanese wild pollinators, relative to visits by introduced honeybees Apis mellifera L. in Hokkaido, Japan. The amount of nectar secreted and the frequency of pollinator visits were monitored from floral opening at dawn until wilting in the early afternoon. Flowers of both sexes secreted nectar in a unimodal diurnal pattern, with secretion peaking during the middle stage of anthesis. The total production of nectar in female flowers was twice that in male flowers. Although the availability of pollinators varied between days, the frequency of visits by bumblebees corresponded well with the dynamics of nectar secretion by the flowers. The diurnal dynamics of nectar secretion and the large availability of nectar reward in female flowers would increase the probability of transferring viable pollen to female flowers and contributing to fruit production of this crop. Bumblebee visits were negatively correlated with honeybee visits. Although this negative correlation could be explained by the complementary effects of pollinators or competitive exclusion, the effects of introducing honeybees on wild pollinators cannot be easily evaluated and thus should be carefully examined by considering the local environmental context in future studies.","PeriodicalId":14700,"journal":{"name":"Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74783445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1