{"title":"Front Pages","authors":"G. Jha","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38731","url":null,"abstract":"Board of editors, publication information, editorial, table of contents","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115855421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Illustrating the Dominant-Subordinate Relations: A Gramscian Analysis of Vikal’s Abiral Bagdachha Indraavatee [Indravati Flows Constantly]","authors":"Jiwan Kumar Rai","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38717","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to analyze Ramesh Vikal’s Abiral Bagdachha Indraavatee [Indravati Flows Constantly], aiming to explore the hierarchical relations between Chaturbhuj Kaji, the agent and representative ruler of feudal society, and the poor Majhi community. To analyze the text, Antonio Gramsci’s concept of hegemony has been used as a theoretical tool. He argues that the dominant class attempts to maintain their supremacy over subordinate groups in two ways – by winning spontaneous consent and by exercising coercive agencies such as police, military, courts and prisons; and using means of violence and terror. Consequently, pains and sufferings perpetuate in everyday lives of subordinate people. For instance, in the text, the village head Kaji and his son dominate the poor Majhi people, but they do not realize the oppression or fail to revolt against domination of the Kaji family because of the cultural hegemony and lack of class alliances. As a result, they go through the sufferings like poverty, physical tortures, imprisonment, kidnaped and rape and so on. This study gives insights to see how the evils and vices of feudal system degrade the lives of the Majhi people in particular and the entire humanity in general.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117230120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eco-spirituality in BhūmiSūkta","authors":"K. P. Bhandari","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38718","url":null,"abstract":"The prime concern of this article is to unfold the eco-conscience of Vedic people through the Vedic text. It is to trace out their environmental and ecological awareness. The article aims at perceiving their eco-spiritual consciousness. This study becomes significant to analyze the Vedic literature through naturalistic perspective and it assists the contemporary eco-campaigners to address the eco-peril of this planet. In order to achieve this objective, this study uses the qualitative research paradigm mostly on the thematic interpretation. It has amalgamated the essence of some of the disciplines of naturalistic school of thought. The core conclusion of them is incorporated within the frame of eco-spirituality that becomes the eco-tool to analyze the text. The primary text is the Bhūmi Sūkta (the hymn to the Earth) from the Atharvaveda. After making the eco-reading upon the hymn, it is quite evident that the Vedic people were aware of the biophysical and temporal aspects of the Earth, and the earth ethics was their life principle for coexistence. The conclusion of this study is that the Vedic people had cherished spiritual ecology for due existence of living and non-living things on the earth.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131952942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anuradha Bhavan: At the Crossroads of Values and Choices","authors":"Mahesh P Paudyal","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38729","url":null,"abstract":"Book Review","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132454718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diasporic Consciousness in Bharati Gautam’s Vigata Ra Baduli","authors":"R. Timalsina","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38727","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explore the diasporic consciousness reflected through Bharati Gautam’s collection of memoirs Vigata Ra Baduli [Past and Hiccups]. As an American Nepali diasporic writer, Gautam has given expression to her experiences in the book. Spending about three and half decades as a diasporan, the writer’s consciousness is different from that of the common Nepali migrants to the USA. To analyse Gautam’s consciousness, this research has used African American philosopher DuBois’s idea of double consciousness. Different interpretations of DuBoisian double consciousness agree that a diasporan has a specific transnational awareness. The elemental aspects of such awareness are the dual nature of thought, relationship to the memory of the homeland, confused state of mind, alienation, a sense of loss of history and culture along with the gain of new cosmopolitan identity. The analysis concludes that Gautam’s diasporic consciousness is expressed through her conscious dealing with diasporic distance, marginalization and discrimination in both the homeland and hostland, the realization of her own divided self, feeling of alienation and the connection with the root. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the discourse of Nepali diasporic consciousness.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133447640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial Vol.11(1)","authors":"Hemchandra Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34798","url":null,"abstract":"Not available.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115073181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Juxtaposing Sama’s Bhimsenko Antya with Shakespeare’s Richard II","authors":"R. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34823","url":null,"abstract":" The works of William Shakespeare (1564-1616) have occasioned such a history of being altered to fit new historical periods, new cultures and new media that they have dominated literary studies related to the term „adaptation‟. Adaptation of a main source into different trans-genres, such as graphic novels, movies, performances on different kinds of stages, and indeed translations, are the study area of Adaptation Theory. The goal of an adaptation is to transfer works from one culture and language to make them usable for another culture and society. This research paper offers a comparative approach to two different plays produced in two different cultures, which have to date been regarded as wholly independent. As I will show, of the two, the source play, or „hypo text‟, is William Shakespeare’s historical tragedy King Richard II (text „A‟), while I will juxtapose Balalkrishna Samas play Bhimsenko Antya [The Doom of Bhimsen as a hypertext (text „B‟), which I will analyse in the light of Adaptation Theory. The paper shows that the plots and characters of the two plays are closely interrelated. Fourteen major incidents correspond closely between the main source and the adapted version, along with broad similarities in settings, even where characterizations of the principal characters suggest a diverging relationship with the hypo text. Sama‟s The Doom of Bhimsen, in short, is an appropriation of Shakespeare’s King Richard II, newly contextualized to Nepalese history and culture while being produced as a completely new Nepalese product. As this aspect of Sama’s play has never previously been explored; this research paper brings a breakthrough in the study of Nepalese literary history, and at the same time, makes a fresh contribution widening the area of adaptation theory.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127203415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Under the Tourist Gaze: Kathmandu in Popular Culture","authors":"Arvind Dahal","doi":"10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34799","url":null,"abstract":" This research explores the shifts and continuities of representing Kathmandu City in Western cinematic and musical creations since 1970s. My research concerns with the representations of Kathmandu in the popular culture intends to explore the imagination of Kathmandu as a touristic place and how they represent the city and produce images in the popular culture which expands far beyond the visual apprehension and enjoyment of a landscape. While doing so my research first explores the representations, practices and processes of identity formation and cultural negotiations that are brought about in the city by tourism and secondly, it analyses the content and the visual representations of the movies and songs relying primarily on the theoretical tools of Popular Culture and secondarily the image production of the landscape in terms of Tourist gaze.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126989769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Representation of Gender Roles in Koirala’s Narendra Dai","authors":"Asmita Bista","doi":"10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34801","url":null,"abstract":" Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala‟s novel Narendra Dai is replete with gender issues of the then society that has marked its relevance even at the present time. This article examines how this novel has explored the concept of gender as a per formative entity; and shows that the characters perform the traditional gender roles because of the strict socio-cultural obligations. It also examines while performing the traditional gender roles, how the lives of these characters get affected. For that Judith Butler’s idea of gender theory has been used. Butler proposes theory of gender as a constant performance: a series of cues observed, internalized, and repeated over time. The significance of this study is to contribute a different perspective for the reader to see Narendra Dai because in this novel, Koirala has shown that since the characters cannot go against the social norms, they perform traditional gender roles via social policing and polishing. The study concludes that these characters define the socially prescribed gender roles because gender is socio-political construction that achieves legitimacy and naturality via perpetual observation and repetition.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126447678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Language as Cultural Expression: The Case of Limbu Mundhum and Ritual* Ramesh Kumar Limbu","authors":"Ramesh Kumar Limbu","doi":"10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JODEM.V11I1.34813","url":null,"abstract":"An anthropological study of „religious /ritual language‟ concerns the relationship between the study of language and the study of culture. This article, using ethnolinguistics and ethnographies of communication as tools of study, examines how the Mundhum language distinctively maintains ethnographic communication by use of the ritual language, and communicates the social worldviews and cultural cognition of Limbu community. The Limbu, known also by endonym \"Yakthung\", are one of historically notable indigenous communities of Nepal. They have their own distinctive culture based on traditional ritual performances guided by Mundhum. The Mundhum is narrated and recited by Limbu ritual/religious actants/officiants in cultural/ritual observations, that is, rituals from pre-birth to after death. The study focuses on the issue how the Mundhum language, also known as Ritual Language (RL), is distinctive to the everyday language or Ordinary Language (OL) and helps express their cultural perceptions, behaviours and way of life. In doing so, it also shows the way this ritual/liturgical language influences not merely the kinds of speech but also the aspects of tradition, culture and way of life.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129915407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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