JAMA neurology最新文献

{"title":"Variability in Clinical Performance of the FDA-Cleared Lumipulse P-Tau217/β-Amyloid 1-42 Plasma Ratio.","authors":"Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich, Joshua A Bornhorst, Daniel J Figdore, Ramiro Eduardo Rea Reyes, Susan Ashrafzadeh-Kian, Rachel Wilson, Brian J Burkett, Derek R Johnson, Hugo Botha, Stuart J McCarter, Gregory S Day, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Vijay K Ramanan, Clifford R Jack, Sterling C Johnson, Henrik Zetterberg, Ronald C Petersen","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1565","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1565","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"823-827"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13227332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Errors in Figure, Table, Results, Discussion, and Article Information.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2457","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2457","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"83 8","pages":"827"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unifying Terminology for Ischemic Core Size in Acute Stroke.","authors":"Jeffrey L Saver","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1788","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.1788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":"723-724"},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148251561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Gefurulimab in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis","authors":"Kelly G. Gwathmey, Francesco Saccà, James F. Howard, Tuan Vu, Jianying Xi, Mathias Mäurer, Tobias Ruck, Ha Young Shin, Masanori P. Takahashi, Carlos Casasnovas, Marek Śmiłowski, Stojan Peric, Masayuki Masuda, Joachim Scholz, Shulian Shang, Min Yee, Sanjay Rakhade, Djillali Annane","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2333","url":null,"abstract":"Importance Gefurulimab is a novel dual-binding nanobody that blocks complement component 5 activation. Complement activation is a key pathogenic mechanism in anti–acetylcholine receptor antibody–positive (AChR-Ab+) generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gefurulimab in adults with AChR-Ab+ gMG. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized clinical trial, PREVAIL, was a phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted at 113 sites in 20 countries. Patients were screened and randomized from November 2022 to November 2024; the randomized controlled treatment period was 26 weeks. Participants were adults (aged ≥18 years) with AChR-Ab+ gMG, a Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America classification II through IV, and a Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) total score of 5 or higher. Intervention Gefurulimab or placebo via once-weekly subcutaneous self-injection. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was change from baseline in MG-ADL total score at week 26. The key secondary end point was change from baseline in Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) total score at week 26. Safety was also assessed. Results Of 405 patients screened, 145 were excluded; 260 met eligibility criteria and were randomized (gefurulimab, n = 131; placebo, n = 129); 249 patients completed the 26-week randomized controlled treatment period. The mean (SD) age was 52.8 (15.73) years; 157 (60.4%) patients were female and 103 (39.6%) were male. All primary and secondary end points were met with statistical significance. Improvements occurred within 1 week for MG-ADL score and 4 weeks for QMG score and were sustained through week 26. Least-squares mean change from baseline at week 26 for MG-ADL and QMG total scores for gefurulimab vs placebo were −4.2 vs −2.6 (treatment difference, −1.6; 95% CI, −2.4 to −0.8; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;amp;lt; .001) and −4.5 vs −2.4 (treatment difference, −2.1; 95% CI, −3.1 to −1.1; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;amp;lt; .001), respectively. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was similar between groups. Most common treatment-emergent AEs with gefurulimab were injection site reactions, headache, back pain, and nasopharyngitis. No meningococcal infections were reported. Conclusions and Relevance Gefurulimab demonstrated both early and sustained clinical benefit in AChR-Ab+ gMG and was well tolerated, supporting its potential as a convenient, once-weekly, self-administered treatment regimen. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05556096\">NCT05556096</jats:ext-link>","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148589103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Error in the Strengths and Limitations.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Risk in Parkinson Disease-Bring the Noise.","authors":"Dixon Yang,Holly C Elser,Allison W Willis","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Road Traffic Noise, Noise Difference Between Residential Facades, and Risk of Parkinson Disease.","authors":"Mette Sørensen,Aslak Harbo Poulsen,Ole Raaschou-Nielsen,Lau Caspar Thygesen,Jørgen Brandt,Christopher Andersen,Thomas Münzel","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2262","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceTransportation noise has been proposed as a risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD), but epidemiological evidence remains limited and inconsistent.ObjectiveTo investigate whether long-term residential exposure to road traffic noise is associated with a higher risk of PD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a Danish nationwide prospective cohort study with follow-up from 2000 to 2017. Danish residents 40 years and older were eligible. Analyses were conducted from April to May 2026.ExposuresBased on complete residential address history from 1990 onward, 10-year time-weighted residential exposure to road traffic noise (LDEN) at the most and least exposed facades were assessed for all participants.Main Outcome and MeasuresIncident PD cases during follow-up were identified in the National Patient Register. Analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsOf 3 542 488 eligible individuals, 438 911 were excluded (prevalent PD, incomplete address history, or missing covariates), leaving 3 103 577 participants (mean [SD] baseline age, 50.9 [11.7] years, 1 588 658 female [51.2%]). Among 3 103 577 participants, 20 587 developed PD during follow-up. Road traffic noise at the most exposed facade (LDEN-Max) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03 (95% CI, 1.00-1.05) per interquartile increment of 11.5 dB in models adjusted for individual- and area-level sociodemographics, air pollution (fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm or less [PM2.5] and ultrafine particles), and green space covariates. Having a difference between noise at the most and least exposed facades (Δnoise, indicator of having a quiet side) of 10 dB or more was associated with a decline in PD risk across different levels of LDEN-Max above 50 dB. Also, accounting for Δnoise strengthened the association between LDEN-Max and PD (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.09). Noise at the least exposed facade was associated with PD, with an HR of 1.04 (95% CI, 1.02-1.07) per interquartile increment of 8.9 dB. Associations were consistent across strata of sex, education, income, cohabiting status, and population density and after additional adjustment for smoking and physical activity in a subpopulation.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this cohort study show that long-term exposure to road traffic noise was associated with higher PD risk. Having a quiet facade mitigated this association. These findings suggest noise as a novel risk factor for PD and support mitigation strategies ensuring a quiet residential side.","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discontinuation of Disease-Modifying Therapy in Patients With Stable Multiple Sclerosis-Clinical Trial of the Year.","authors":"S Andrew Josephson","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological Manifestations of Hantavirus Infection: A Review.","authors":"Avindra Nath","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2437","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceHantaviruses have caused several recent human disease outbreaks. They carry a high mortality rate, and some species can spread from person to person although they are typically spread from rodents to humans. Neurological complications have been documented but are poorly understood.ObservationsBroadly, 2 types of syndromes have been associated with hantaviruses. The pulmonary syndrome carries a high mortality rate and can result in pulmonary and cardiac failure. Neurological involvement is typically secondary to hypoxic and ischemic injury or metabolic dysfunction. Another manifestation of the infection that is associated with some species of the virus is termed hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Some patients may develop a meningoencephalitis or pituitary apoplexy resulting in sudden visual loss and pituitary dysfunction. Rarely, seizures, myelitis, and peripheral neuropathy may occur. Although there are no specific antiviral drugs approved for treatment of hantavirus, there are several that showed efficacy in preclinical trials. Management is supportive care and treatment of symptoms.Conclusions and RelevanceNeurological manifestations of hantavirus infection are uncommon but can be severe. Prospective studies and experimental models are needed to better characterize these manifestations, understand pathophysiology, identify therapeutic targets, and develop guidelines for management.","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joey's Seizure.","authors":"Alexis Demas","doi":"10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.2120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14677,"journal":{"name":"JAMA neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}