Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Sepsis","authors":"U. Koca, Burcu T Demirdoven","doi":"10.15761/jrdm.1000119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jrdm.1000119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124554582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The onset of miliary tuberculosis presenting after an episode of angina, palpitations and cardiac stent placement","authors":"S. Moten, A. Panganiban, A. Rauf, J. Walker","doi":"10.17352/aprc.000047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/aprc.000047","url":null,"abstract":"The novel Coronavirus of 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatically reminded the world of the importance of noting pertinent travel history.","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133499818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung complication in COVID-19 convalescence: A spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumatocele case report","authors":"L. Rampa, A. Miceli, F. Casilli, T. Biraghi, Baronio Barbara, F. Donatelli","doi":"10.15761/JRDM.1000115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JRDM.1000115","url":null,"abstract":"An outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly all over the world, becoming pandemic according WHO on March 11, 20201. The typical symptoms of COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19) can range from mild influenza like syndrome to severe respiratory illness. The elderly population, especially with comorbidities like chronic bronchitis, emphysema, heart failure, or diabetes, is more likely to develop serious illness. Radiographic findings in acute phase of SARS CoV-2 bilateral interstitial pneumonia have been described in several studies. Pilot Computerized Tomography scan studies show lung abnormalities usually reabsorb in 3 weeks without sequelae. Nevertheless, no large studies have done on severity-based chronic lung injury and late pulmonary complications in recovered patients. Pneumothorax and pneumatocele can be two severe lung complications in acute phase and intubated patients, but there is no evidence they can occur during convalescence. We report the first case of a spontaneous pneumothorax due to traumatic (sneeze related) pneumatocele, occurred after recovery from bilateral interstitial pneumonia SARS-Cov-2. *Correspondence to: Lorenzo Rampa, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, Tel: +393924878243, Email: rampa. lorenzo@gmail.com Received: April 27, 2020; Accepted: May 11, 2020; Published: May 18, 2020 Case report A Hispanic 43-year-old man presented with 10-day history of cough and remittent fever treated with Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid plus Paracetamol by his general practitioner. Due to persistence of fever and resting dyspnea onset, he was admitted in our hospital, presenting also with headache, anosmia, loss of taste and myalgia. He was a healthy man without any presumed disease, apart from his mild history of smoke until 3 years ago and occasional asbestos exposition related to his job as aerial fitter. He denied family contacts or vaccination for Tuberculosis. The nasopharyngeal swab was positive for SARS CoV-2 and CT scan described extensive bilateral ground glass opacities, especially in middle sections, involving 40% of lung parenchyma, moreover some areas of consolidation with crazy paving pattern. No emphysema or cysts were observed (Figure 1). The patient was treated with oxygen mask (maximum FiO2 40%) achieving good level of oxygen saturation (>95%). Moreover, he started Idroxicloroquine 200 mg bid and Darunavir 800 mg / Cobicistat 150 mg once a day, Azytromicine 500 mg OD, Ceftriaxone 2 g OD and enoxaparin 6000 UI OD. Monitoring Chest X rays showed a mild improvement of bilateral pulmonary lesions, and no pneumothorax. After 17 days, he was weaned from oxygen and clinical symptoms ceased, but he could not guarantee home quarantine. He was transferred to rehabilitation hospital and was declared healed from SARS CoV2 infection after two negative nasal swabs. During his rehabilitation, patient presented with sudden dyspnea, hemoptysis an","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114389571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An asthmatic bird lover with dyspnoea and ground glass opacities (hypersensitivity pneumonitis)","authors":"I. Krivokuca, Lammers Jwj.","doi":"10.15761/jrdm.1000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jrdm.1000102","url":null,"abstract":"We admitted this patient for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) which showed a lymphocytic alveolitis which is usually found in HP and we measured serum bird specific IgG antibodies (precipitins). Levels of IgG antibodies (precipitins) were elevated. Previously measured IgE levels were low (it is well known that HP is a non-IgE mediated hypersensitivity). She gave her bird reluctantly away and recovered fully within five weeks in the absence of exposure to her pet. Ggo’s were also completely reversible after removal from exposure. Reed et al. described the first avian-associated HP in a pigeon breeder, in 1965 [1]. Chronic repetitive exposure to different inhaled antigens such as bird excreta (droppings), and feathers of different birds, increases the risk for hypersensitivity pneumonitis [2]. Wind instrument players or even users of continuous positive airway pressure equipment could develop HP [3, 4]. There is no diagnostic gold standard, so the current diagnosis depends on symptoms (cough, dyspnea) in a person exposed to environmental antigens, HRCT with bilateral, ground glass opacities in lower and the middle zones, bronchioloalveolar lavage fluid with lymphocytic alveolitis and high levels of IgG antibodies (precipitins).","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130891504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) should be used in all COVID-19 patients when the first and mild respiratory symptoms commence","authors":"C. Machado, P. DeFina, Yanín Machado, M. Chinchilla, E. Cuspineda, Y. Machado","doi":"10.15761/jrdm.1000124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jrdm.1000124","url":null,"abstract":"The most awful complication COVID-19 is hypoxemia due to respiratory failure. The mechanisms of lung damage and hypoxemia in COVID-19 include ventilation/ perfusion mismatch, loss of hypoxic vasoconstriction and increased coagulopathy. Hence, it is of particular attention that acute lung injury, hypoxemia, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients is centrally involved in the aggravation of symptoms and disease development, and denotes a key factor contributing to ARDS and mortality. Indeed, there is a close relationship between lung damage, hypoxemia and the cytokine storm. Other important issue is to consider the possible presence of happy of silent hypoxemia, which is described in patients with pronounced arterial hypoxemia who don’t express a sense of dyspnea. Moreover, pulse oximetry (PO) should be interpreted with caution, because due to left-sided shifting of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve during hypocapnia periods, PO might measure a normal oxygen saturation in spite of very low PaO2. Continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) is nowadays the preferred method of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) management of COVID-19 patients, has significant and helpful role in Covid-19 management, mainly if it is used in an early phase of the disease, because it may prevent clinical deterioration and reduce the need for invasive ventilation at all. We strongly recommend to early use CPAP in all Covid-19 patient who present the first mild respiratory symptoms, such as cough, or light tachypnea and hyperpnea, etc., when they are still outside the ICUs, i.e. in regular wards or at patient’s homes. This method would prevent periods of hypopnea and hypoxia which can stimulate the synthesis of ACE in lung endothelial cells, leading to cytokine storm, which can cause ARDS, multi-organ failure, and death.","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133645667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Sleep Apnoea in Children","authors":"Atiar Rahman, Selina Khanum, Lutful Kabir","doi":"10.15761/JRDM.1000122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JRDM.1000122","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Central sleep apnoea (CSA) has been described in the adult population but there is limited information in children. So, the objective of this study was to focus epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, investigation and proper management of CSA in children. Methods: By performing a search in PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE, GOOGLE with the keywords: (central sleep apnoea* children*) AND Literature searches were performed in order to identify material relating central sleep apnoea in children since 1980 to 2020. Relevant articles related to central sleep apnoea were identified and taken as a reference paper for preparing this article. A literature search was carried out based on a predefined series of key clinical questions. and the strategies included filters to limit the results by study type (reviews, randomized controlled trials and other types of experimental research) and age range (0–18 yrs.). In all cases, the results were limited to English language material. Result: Central sleep apnoea (CSA) is a disorder in which there is recurrent cessation of breathing while asleep during night-time. These night-time breathing disturbances can lead to cardiovascular and neurological disorder. There are several clinical presentations of CSA, including periodic breathing, apnoea, snoring, gasping, hyperactivity restless sleep, daytime sleepiness. Abnormal ventilator function during sleep is the key point of CSA. The prevalence of Central sleep apnoea (CSA) in healthy children is thought to be about 4–6%. The classification of CSA can be depending on the hypercapnia or no hypercapnia based on CO2 level in wakefulness stage and physiologic, idiopathic, or secondary CSA with the underlying diseases condition. Whole night polysomnography is the gold standard test for diagnosis of central sleep apnoea in children. Other investigation depends on the underlying causes. The management of CSA include counselling, oxygen supplementation, medication, non-invasive ventilation, and surgical intervention. After screening high risk children will undergo earlier diagnosis and timely therapeutic interventions. Conclusion: Similar to adult patients, children with CSA present with complaints of insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and sometimes symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea. In healthy children CSA is rare but if happened need extensive investigation and to find out exact underlying condition and also offer treatment accordingly.","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"92 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133821847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why and how chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and herbal antimalarials relieve most clinical manifestations of corona virus disease of 2019 (COVID-19)","authors":"U. Utoh-Nedosa","doi":"10.15761/JRDM.1000121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JRDM.1000121","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to is to explain how and why hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine works in the relief of most of the severe manifestations of covid-19. Some people have reported successful covid-19 treatment results with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine but others have not. Chloroquine, and its derivative hydroxychloroquine; mepacrine and herbal antimalarials are used to treat both malaria and other conditions like arthritic, rheumatoid, Lupus erythematosus and pain-relief conditions. They are also used to control parasitic worm infestations. The recent use of the antimalarial drugs chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the management of covid-19, is thus not the first time orthodox and herbal antimalarial drugs are applied as treatment for conditions other than malaria. In this new use for the treatment of covid-19, hydroxychloroquine is used as a main drug assisted by other drugs like Azithromycin or Doxycycline and the mineral element zinc. The paper suggests that the similarities between the nature of infectivity and the manifestations of clinical malaria and those of clinical COVID-19 disease is the reason why chloroquine, hydroxyl-chloroquine and herbal antimalarial preparations ‘’work’’, in those covid-19 patients in whom they worked. Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, mepacrine or herbal antimalarials used in the treatment of COVID-19 work by occupying the cells of the body of the covid-19 patient and that of the virus. While ‘’bound’’ to these sites, the antimalarial inhibits excessive energy utilization by the virus and the patient’s own distressed body cells. The inhibition of excessive energy utilization of the corona viruses produced by the hydroxy-chloroquine or chloroquine or herbal antimalarials, inhibits the corona virus proteins from exerting excessive excitatory and oxidative stress on the cells of the tissues of organs of the COVID-19 patient. Inhibition effects produced by the hydroxychloroquine or other efficacious antimalarials also relaxes skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles of the patient thereby, inhibiting excessive oxidation and damage of the muscles of various organs (the blood and the vital organs of the patient like the lungs, heart, liver, intestines, spleen and the kidneys), of the antimalarial treated-covid-19 patient. The inhibitory occupation of the blood and tissues of organs of the covid-19 patient, by the antimalarial exercises non-specific anti-oxidant radical scavenging activities that breakdown and mop-up blood clots or other tissue damages wrecked by the excessive excitatory activities of the corona viruses, the active haem they released from haemoglobin of attacked erythrocytes and the corona virus toxins. The administered hydroxychloroquine or other anti- malarial, also stimulates the production of increased numbers of new red and white blood cell including in extra-bone marrow sites of erythropoiesis (like the spleen, the lungs and the kidneys). The newly produced erythrocytes replenish the ery","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114324417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procalcitonin values in respiratory infections children under five years old viral infections versus bacterial infections","authors":"S. Elftouh, M. Seffar, C. Kettani, C. Mahraoui, H. Tligui","doi":"10.15761/jrdm.1000101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jrdm.1000101","url":null,"abstract":"Paediatric respiratory tract infection is a major public health in Morocco. A study conducted reported that the aetiologies of respiratory infection in children less than five years old are mainly viral [1]. Furthermore, bacterial and viral respiratory children infections often present with similar symptoms. Infection misdiagnosis leads to an antibiotic overuse and thus increases resistance emergence [2-5]. Between 80 and 90% of all antibiotics are prescribed for tract respiratory infections despite the predominately viral origin of the infection [6]. The use of Procalcitonin (PCT) as reliable blood biomarker mirroring the host response to infection, and as a suitable guide differentiating bacterial from viral respiratory infection in children was evaluated in many studies [7]. Procalcitonin (PCT) is the prohormone of calcitonin produced by the thyroid gland in response to inflammation caused by bacterial infection [8]. In healthy individuals PCT is < 0, 05 ng/ml, and increases rapidly within 3 hours of the development of bacterial infection [9]. PCT levels peak within 6h to 12h and remain high until the infection declines either by the antibiotic therapy or by the host immune system [10]. Once the infection is managed the PCT value decreases half daily [11]. Inversely, in response to viral infections PCT levels stay normal, interferon Gama, a cytokine released in response to viral infections blocks the up regulation of PCT resulting in higher specify of PCT to-ward bacterial infections [12, 13].","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127284700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An uncommon sputum material","authors":"Giovanni Veloz, Michael Cruz, R. Fernandez, Modesto González, M. Itkin","doi":"10.15761/jrdm.1000125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jrdm.1000125","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic bronchitis is a rare disease usually diagnosed clinically by expectoration of branching bronchial casts and chyloptysis, which includes milky-white sputum rich in chyle that may progress to formation of bronchial casts. Chyloptysis can result from abnormal lymphatic drainage and manifest as discharge of chyle into the tracheobronchial tree [1-5]. We present a 49-year-old female with expectoration of branching bronchial cast confirmed via bronchoscopy. Subsequently, magnetic resonance lymphangiogram demonstrated the presence of abnormal pulmonary lymphatic tissue successfully treated with thoracic duct embolization.","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"19 29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130449486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smac BV6 Has Proapoptotic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes activated by TLR9 ligand","authors":"Lattuada D, C. C., Crotta K, Marelli O","doi":"10.15761/jrdm.1000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jrdm.1000128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiratory Diseases and Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134527258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}