Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research最新文献_第10页

A critical review of integrated grass weed management in Ireland 爱尔兰杂草综合治理综述

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2018-04-10 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2018-0003

R. Byrne, J. Spink, R. Freckleton, P. Neve, S. Barth

引用次数: 3

Ethical, moral and social dimensions in farm production practices: a segmentation study to assess Irish consumers’ perceptions of meat quality 农场生产实践中的伦理、道德和社会层面：一项评估爱尔兰消费者对肉类质量感知的细分研究

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2018-03-09 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2018-0002

Á. Regan, M. Henchion, B. McIntyre

{"title":"Ethical, moral and social dimensions in farm production practices: a segmentation study to assess Irish consumers’ perceptions of meat quality","authors":"Á. Regan, M. Henchion, B. McIntyre","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Growing consumer concerns with modern farming and food production systems indicate a significant market opportunity for meat production practices that consider ethical, moral and social value traits. In the current study, we aimed to identify and characterise distinct segments of Irish consumers based on their perceptions of the quality of meat from different farm-level production practices (organic farming, high animal welfare standards, free range farming, and “natural”, treatment-free feeding regimes). An online survey was carried out with 251 Irish meat consumers. Using cluster analysis, we identified three distinct segments: “Target consumers”, “Purist consumers” and “Disinterested consumers”. Chi-square analyses revealed differences between the segments based on gender, age and meat-purchasing motivations. The results provide insight into the opportunities that exist for exploring new viable market segments as well as for engaging Irish consumers and empowering them with information around the ethical, social and moral aspects of farm-level practices related to meat production.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"14 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2018-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43603582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

A comparison of husked and naked oats under Irish conditions 爱尔兰条件下脱壳燕麦和裸燕麦的比较

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2018-02-22 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2018-0001

R. Hackett

{"title":"A comparison of husked and naked oats under Irish conditions","authors":"R. Hackett","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2018-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2018-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the harvesting of husked oats (Avena sativa L.), the kernel remains tightly enclosed by a lignified lemma and palea, collectively termed the husk or hull. In naked oats, which are the same species as husked oats, the lemma is much less lignified and the kernel threshes free during harvesting. The absence of the largely indigestible husk increases the nutritive value of naked oats compared to that of husked oats, particularly for non-ruminants and poultry. There is little information regarding the potential of naked oats as an arable crop in Ireland. The objective of this study was to determine the productivity of naked oats under Irish conditions. Field experiments were carried out in the south east of Ireland to compare the grain yield and grain quality of both autumn-sown and spring-sown naked and husked oat cultivars. Grain yield of naked oat cultivars was significantly lower than that of husked oat cultivars, irrespective of whether they were autumn sown or spring sown. However, when the kernel yield of husked oat cultivars was estimated, differences in yield between the two types were much smaller, and in some cases, kernel yield of naked oat cultivars exceeded that of husked oat cultivars. Grain quality, as indicated by hectolitre weight and grain N concentration, was generally greater for naked oat cultivars than for husked oat cultivars. It is concluded that under Irish conditions, naked oats have the potential to produce kernel yields equivalent to husked oats. The grain produced is of high quality and may be particularly suited for the nutrition of non-ruminants.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2018-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijafr-2018-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47663571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Scientific appraisal of the Irish grass-based milk production system as a sustainable source of premium quality milk and dairy products 科学评价爱尔兰以草为基础的牛奶生产系统作为优质牛奶和乳制品的可持续来源

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2017-12-29 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2017-0011

Bernadette O'Brien, D. Hennessy

{"title":"Scientific appraisal of the Irish grass-based milk production system as a sustainable source of premium quality milk and dairy products","authors":"Bernadette O'Brien, D. Hennessy","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2017-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Irish dairy industry is critically important to the economy and general well-being of a large section of the Irish population. Its quality, sustainability and maintenance are the key for a vibrant rural society in the future. Two important elements for the future of this industry include (a) the quality, marketing and sale of dairy products on the export market and (b) sustainability from the perspectives of people, planet and profit. This paper provides a short review of current scientific evidence in relation to a number of topics, each of which is important in maintaining and developing dairy product quality and the sustainability of the Irish dairy industry. The topics addressed in the paper are as follows: the parameters of milk composition; milk processing; hygiene quality and safety; farm management practices and the regulations that govern such practices; animal health and welfare; environmental impacts; economic implications for farm families and rural communities; and the overall future sustainability of the family-based dairy farm structure.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"120 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48090567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Sinapinic and protocatechuic acids found in rapeseed: isolation, characterisation and potential benefits for human health as functional food ingredients 菜籽中发现的芥子酸和原儿茶酸:作为功能性食品成分的分离、表征和对人类健康的潜在益处

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2017-12-13 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2017-0012

Leah Quinn, S. Gray, S. Meaney, S. Finn, O. Kenny, M. Hayes

{"title":"Sinapinic and protocatechuic acids found in rapeseed: isolation, characterisation and potential benefits for human health as functional food ingredients","authors":"Leah Quinn, S. Gray, S. Meaney, S. Finn, O. Kenny, M. Hayes","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2017-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rapeseed is one of the world’s major oilseeds, and rapeseed oil is produced by pressing of the seeds. This process results in the production of a low-economic-value by-product, rapeseed meal, which is commonly used as animal feed. Rapeseed meal is rich in bioactive phenolic compounds, including sinapinic acid (SA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA). Isolation of these bioactive compounds from a by-product of rapeseed oil production is largely in agreement with the current concept of the circular economy and total utilisation of crop harvest using a biorefinery approach. In this review, current information concerning traditional and novel methods to isolate phenolic compounds – including SA and PCA – from rapeseed meal, along with in vitro and in vivo studies concerning the bioactivity of SA and PCA and their associated health effects, is collated. These health effects include anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetes activities, along with histone deacetylase inhibition and protective cardiovascular, neurological and hepatic effects. The traditional extraction methods include use of solvents and/or enzymes. However, a need for simpler, more efficient methodologies has led to the development of novel extraction processes, including microwave-assisted, ultrasound-assisted, pulsed electric field and high-voltage electrical discharge extraction processes.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"104 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49267914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

The effect of antimicrobials on verocytotoxin bacteriophage transduction under bovine rumen fluid and broth conditions 在牛瘤胃液和肉汤条件下，抗菌剂对细胞毒素噬菌体转导的影响

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2017-11-15 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2017-0008

S. Nyambe, C. Burgess, P. Whyte, D. Bolton

{"title":"The effect of antimicrobials on verocytotoxin bacteriophage transduction under bovine rumen fluid and broth conditions","authors":"S. Nyambe, C. Burgess, P. Whyte, D. Bolton","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2017-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The verocytotoxin genes in verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) are carried by bacteriophages, incorporated into the bacterial genome (prophage). Antibiotics may promote phage replication and release to infect other cells (transduction), thus leading to the emergence of new VTEC strains. This study investigated transduction of a verocytotoxin2-encoding bacteriophage (3538(vtx2::cat)) under laboratory conditions, including the effect of antibiotic treatments. Luria-Bertani Miller broth and rumen fluid (raw and sterilised by irradiation) were inoculated with the donor (C600φ3538(Δvtx2::cat)) and recipient (E. coli C600::kanamycinR) strains (4 log10 cfu/mL) and incubated at 38°C. Antibiotic treatments (minimal inhibitory and sub-inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin, cefquinome, oxytetracycline and sodium sulfamethazine) were applied after 3 h. Samples were tested for donor, recipient, cell-free phage and transductants at times t = 0, 3, 4, 6, 27 (24 h post-antibiotic treatment) and 51 h. Free phage was detected in the untreated broth and rumen samples, as were the transductants confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The antibiotic treatments did not significantly (P > 0.01) increase the concentrations of free phage or transductants detected. It was therefore concluded that, under laboratory conditions, the antibiotics tested did not induce bacteriophage lysis, release and infection of new bacterial cells beyond that constitutively found in the phage population.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"77 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2017-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42641933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of water activity on the performance of potassium sorbate and natamycin as preservatives against cheese spoilage moulds 水活度对山梨酸钾和纳他霉素抗奶酪霉变性能的影响

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2017-10-26 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2017-0009

P. Marín, C. Ginés, P. Kochaki, M. Jurado

引用次数: 5

Animal performance and economic implications of alternative production systems for dairy bulls slaughtered at 15 months of age 15月龄屠宰的奶牛替代生产系统的动物性能和经济影响

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2017-10-26 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2017-0010

B. Murphy, P. Crosson, A. Kelly, R. Prendiville

{"title":"Animal performance and economic implications of alternative production systems for dairy bulls slaughtered at 15 months of age","authors":"B. Murphy, P. Crosson, A. Kelly, R. Prendiville","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2017-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objectives of this experiment were to investigate (i) the influence of varying levels of concentrate supplementation during the grazing season, (ii) alternative finishing strategies for dairy bulls slaughtered at 15 mo of age and (iii) economic implications of these management strategies. Bulls were assigned to a 2 (level of concentrate supplementation during the grazing season: 1 kg [LA] and 2 kg [HA] dry matter [DM]/head daily) × 2 (finishing strategies: concentrates ad libitum group [AL] or grass silage ad libitum plus 5 kg DM of concentrates/head daily group [SC]) factorial arrangement of treatments. Average daily gain (ADG) during the grazing season was greater (P < 0.01) for HA than for LA. Consequently, HA bulls were 16 kg heavier at housing: 214 and 230 kg, respectively (P < 0.05). During the finishing period, ADG tended (P = 0.09) to be greater for LA than for HA. Carcass weight tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for HA than for LA. Fat score was greater for HA. Live weight at slaughter (P < 0.001) and carcass weight (P < 0.001) were 41 and 23 kg greater for AL than for SC, respectively. Conformation (P < 0.05) and fat score (P < 0.05) were greater for AL than for SC. The Grange Dairy Beef Systems Model simulated whole-farm system effects of the production systems. Net margin/head was greater for LA than for HA and greater for SC than for AL. Sensitivity analysis of finishing concentrate price, calf purchase price and beef price showed no re-ranking of the systems on a net margin basis. Although greater animal performance was observed from the higher plane of nutrition, overall profitability was lower.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"103 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2017-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48074939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The interactive effects of various nitrogen fertiliser formulations applied to urine patches on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland 不同氮肥配方对草地氮氧化物排放的交互作用

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2017-09-19 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2017-0006

D. Krol, E. Minet, P. Forrestal, G. Lanigan, O. Mathieu, K. Richards

{"title":"The interactive effects of various nitrogen fertiliser formulations applied to urine patches on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland","authors":"D. Krol, E. Minet, P. Forrestal, G. Lanigan, O. Mathieu, K. Richards","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2017-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pasture-based livestock agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) nitrous oxide (N2O). Although a body of research is available on the effect of urine patch N or fertiliser N on N2O emissions, limited data is available on the effect of fertiliser N applied to patches of urinary N, which can cover up to a fifth of the yearly grazed area. This study investigated whether the sum of N2O emissions from urine and a range of N fertilisers, calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) or urea ± urease inhibitor ± nitrification inhibitor, applied alone (disaggregated and re-aggregated) approximated the N2O emission of urine and fertiliser N applied together (aggregated). Application of fertiliser to urine patches did not significantly increase either the cumulative yearly N2O emissions or the N2O emission factor in comparison to urine and fertiliser applied separately with the emissions re-aggregated. However, there was a consistent trend for approximately 20% underestimation of N2O loss generated from fertiliser and urine applied separately when compared to figures generated when urine and fertiliser were applied together. N2O emission factors from fertilisers were 0.02%, 0.06%, 0.17% and 0.25% from urea ± dicyandiamide (DCD), urea + N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) + DCD, urea + NBPT and urea, respectively, while the emission factor for urine alone was 0.33%. Calcium ammonium nitrate and urea did not interact differently with urine even when the urea included DCD. N2O losses could be reduced by switching from CAN to urea-based fertilisers.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"54 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2017-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44411526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Assessment of water-limited winter wheat yield potential at spatially contrasting sites in Ireland using a simple growth and development model 使用简单的生长发育模型评估爱尔兰空间对比地区的水分限制冬小麦产量潜力

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research Pub Date : 2017-09-19 DOI: 10.1515/ijafr-2017-0007

J. Lynch, R. Fealy, D. Doyle, L. Black, J. Spink

{"title":"Assessment of water-limited winter wheat yield potential at spatially contrasting sites in Ireland using a simple growth and development model","authors":"J. Lynch, R. Fealy, D. Doyle, L. Black, J. Spink","doi":"10.1515/ijafr-2017-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although Irish winter wheat yields are among the highest globally, increases in the profitability of this crop are required to maintain its economic viability. However, in order to determine if efforts to further increase Irish wheat yields are likely to be successful, an accurate estimation of the yield potential is required for different regions within Ireland. A winter wheat yield potential model (WWYPM) was developed, which estimates the maximum water-limited yield achievable, within the confines of current genetic resources and technologies, using parameters for winter wheat growth and development observed recently in Ireland and a minor amount of daily meteorological input (maximum and minimum daily temperature, total daily rainfall and total daily incident radiation). The WWYPM is composed of three processes: (i) an estimation of potential green area index, (ii) an estimation of light interception and biomass accumulation and (iii) an estimation of biomass partitioning to grain yield. Model validation indicated that WWYPM estimations of water-limited yield potential (YPw) were significantly related to maximum yields recorded in variety evaluation trials as well as regional average and maximum farm yields, reflecting the model’s sensitivity to alterations in the climatic environment with spatial and seasonal variations. Simulations of YPw for long-term average weather data at 12 sites located at spatially contrasting regions of Ireland indicated that the typical YPw varied between 15.6 and 17.9 t/ha, with a mean of 16.7 t/ha at 15% moisture content. These results indicate that the majority of sites in Ireland have the potential to grow high-yielding crops of winter wheat when the effects of very high rainfall and other stresses such as disease incidence and nutrient deficits are not considered.","PeriodicalId":14659,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"65 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2017-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42025333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3