Japanese journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Extramedullary multiple myeloma simulating lymphoproliferative disease on multimodality imaging.","authors":"Paloma Salvador-Sáenz, Pablo A Álvarez-Reyes, Juan J Gómez-Herrera, Waleska Salcedo-Mercado","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 77-year-old male with monoclonal gammopathy of undertermined significance presented with multiple bulky extraosseous soft-tissue masses on imaging tests, mimicking radiological features of lymphoma. Ultimately, a diagnosis of multifocal extraosseous multiple myeloma was established, highlighting the need for comprehensive clinical and diagnostic correlation to ensure appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atezolizumab vs durvalumab for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer in Japan: a real-world comparative analysis of costs and clinical outcomes.","authors":"Katsuya Hirano, Akito Hata, Yuta Yamanaka, Toshiyuki Sumi, Motohiro Tamiya, Yuki Sato, Yuko Oya, Kosuke Hamai, Nobuyuki Katakami, Katsuhiko Iwasaki, Tatsuhiro Uenishi, Kinya Kokubo, Ataru Igarashi","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Platinum-etoposide combined with a PD-L1 inhibitor (atezolizumab or durvalumab) is the standard first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Although phase 3 trials have demonstrated similar efficacy, no direct comparison exists, and differences in treatment cost and resource utilization may influence clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicenter retrospective study, real-world data from eight Japanese institutions were analyzed. Patients with ES-SCLC treated with platinum-etoposide plus atezolizumab or durvalumab between August 2018 and December 2022 were included. Individual-level medical costs were calculated from health insurance claims linked to electronic medical records. After propensity score matching and exclusion of cisplatin-treated patients, 128 patients were analyzed. The primary outcome was mean monthly medical cost during immunotherapy. Secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 128 patients (mean age, 74 years; 85% male), mean monthly medical cost was significantly lower with atezolizumab than durvalumab (¥1 003 922 [$7183] vs ¥1 596 511 [$11 422]; P < .001). Median OS was comparable (13.9 months [95% CI, 11.7-17.5] vs 14.8 months [95% CI, 10.5-not reached]; P = .92). Grade ≥2 irAEs (11% vs 31%; P = .009) and interstitial lung disease (3% vs 20%; P = .004) were less frequent with atezolizumab. Poor performance status was associated with worse OS, whereas treatment type was not.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Atezolizumab was associated with lower medical costs and similar survival outcomes compared with durvalumab in ES-SCLC, suggesting its use as a clinically comparable option with lower associated costs in Japanese real-world practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCU-to-home transition sequences and final place of death in advanced cancer: a prospective Japanese cohort study of a regional electronic communication platform.","authors":"Shinya Kajiura, Nozomu Murakami, Ryuji Hayashi","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transition from a palliative care unit (PCU) to home is clinically important in advanced cancer, but the sequence from planned or attempted transition through discharge realization and final place of death is insufficiently described. Electronic communication platforms may provide process markers of regional coordination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a single-center prospective observational cohort study of consecutive patients with advanced cancer from 2018 to 2023. Patients were included when PCU-to-home transition was planned or attempted and they were registered in a regional electronic home palliative care communication platform derived from a paper-based pathway. We descriptively examined transition sequences, final place of death, non-home death subcategories, cumulative notebook count, and notebook entries per 7 home-care days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 209 planned or attempted transitions, 199 (95.2%) achieved actual home discharge and 10 (4.8%) remained unrealized. In the full cohort, home death occurred in 122 patients (58.4%) and non-home death in 87 (41.6%); 77 of 87 non-home deaths occurred in a PCU/palliative care unit. Among actual home-discharge patients, home death occurred in 122/199 (61.3%) and non-home death in 77/199 (38.7%). Median cumulative notebook counts were 23 [13-44] and 20 [10-40], respectively (descriptive P = 0.326). Median entries per 7 home-care days were 7.54 [2.62-19.76] and 5.13 [1.79-9.58] (descriptive P = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most planned or attempted transitions achieved actual home discharge, but final place of death diverged thereafter. Notebook count and rate were descriptive communication-process markers that may help characterize and review multidisciplinary coordination across the ongoing regional transition process after PCU discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of non-muscle-invasive late recurrence after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy in bladder cancer: a multicenter, retrospective real-world study (the Japan Urological Oncology Group).","authors":"Yoshinori Ikehata, Naotaka Nishiyama, Makito Miyake, Nobutaka Nishimura, Kita Yuki, Soichiro Shimura, Yuta Inoue, Takashi Matsumoto, Shugo Yajima, Yoshiyuki Nagumo, Shuichi Morizane, Takuma Sato, Masato Fujii, Tomokazu Sazuka, Shingo Hatakeyama, Katsuyoshi Hashine, Atsushi Yamagishi, Rikiya Taoka, Yoshiyuki Matsui, Kiyohide Fujimoto, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Keiichiro Mori, Takahiro Kimura, Hiroshi Kitamura","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prognostic significance of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrence after a prolonged disease-free interval following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy remains unclear. This multicenter study evaluated the impact of late recurrence after BCG therapy on oncological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter study used the Japan Urological Oncology Group database. Among 3226 patients treated with intravesical BCG for NMIBC, 238 with non-muscle-invasive intravesical recurrence ≥1 year after initial BCG therapy were analyzed, after excluding those with muscle-invasive recurrence at first recurrence. Patients were stratified by time to recurrence: 1-2 years and ≥ 2 years. Progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 72.7 months, the 5-year PFS and CSS rates were 90.8% and 91.5%, respectively. PFS did not differ significantly between the 1-2-year and ≥ 2-year recurrence groups (log-rank p = 0.300). In contrast, recurrence ≥2 years was associated with significantly worse CSS than recurrence at 1-2 years (log-rank P = .018) and was a significant predictor of worse CSS in univariate analysis (hazard ratio, 8.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-62.6; P = .047). Repeat BCG therapy did not significantly improve PFS or CSS in patients with recurrence ≥2 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NMIBC recurrence occurring ≥2 years after initial BCG therapy may be associated with poorer cancer-specific survival despite similar progression-free survival. Late recurrence should not automatically be considered a favorable prognostic subgroup, and careful surveillance and risk stratification are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of regional lymph node metastasis at castration-resistant prostate cancer diagnosis on survival after radium-223 treatment.","authors":"Saizo Fujimoto, Takuma Kato, Masatoshi Eto, Mototaka Sato, Takahito Negishi, Akinori Wada, Tadamasa Shibuya, Jun Akatsuka, Shuichi Morizane, Tatsuya Takayama, Akira Tsujimura, Hiroki Kitou, Hiromasa Tsukino, Yoshihiro Matsunaga, Kazutoshi Fujita","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radium-223 (Ra-223) is used for patients with bone-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the prognostic value of regional lymph node metastasis at CRPC diagnosis for survival after Ra-223 remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between regional lymph node metastasis at CRPC diagnosis and overall survival (OS) after Ra-223 initiation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective cohort study used the Following Ra-223 in Outcomes after New-generation Therapy with Investigation of Effects in Refractory prostate cancer study database. Patients with bone-metastatic CRPC who initiated Ra-223 between January 2020 and December 2023 were included. Patients were classified according to the presence or absence of regional lymph node metastasis at CRPC diagnosis. The primary endpoint was OS from Ra-223 initiation. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the association between regional lymph node metastasis and OS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 802 patients who initiated Ra-223, 718 were included: 505 without regional lymph node metastasis and 213 with regional lymph node metastasis at CRPC diagnosis. Median OS was 31 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 26-35) and 17 months (95% CI, 16-22), respectively (log-rank P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, regional lymph node metastasis at CRPC diagnosis was associated with poorer OS (hazard ratio, 1.396; 95% CI, 1.092-1.785; P = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regional lymph node metastasis at CRPC diagnosis was associated with poorer OS after Ra-223 initiation. This status may provide prognostic information when considering subsequent treatment sequencing in bone-metastatic CRPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of prior nivolumab on treatment outcomes of taxane plus ramucirumab in advanced gastric cancer.","authors":"Yusuke Miyajima, Takeshi Kawakami, Akifumi Notsu, Kunihiro Fushiki, Kotoe Oshima, Akihiro Ohba, Takahiro Tsushima, Satoshi Hamauchi, Tomoya Yokota, Yusuke Onozawa, Hirofumi Yasui, Kentaro Yamazaki","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag073","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyag073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies have indicated that exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can enhance the efficacy of subsequent chemotherapy. Although combination chemotherapy with ICI has become a standard first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced gastric cancer (AGC), its impact on the efficacy of taxane plus ramucirumab (RAM) remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive patients with HER2-negative AGC who had previously received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, with or without nivolumab, followed by taxane plus RAM between March 2015 and July 2024. Patients were categorized into two cohorts according to prior nivolumab exposure: cohort A (ICI-naïve) and cohort B (ICI-exposed). Survival outcomes and toxicity were compared between the cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 191 patients were evaluated (158 in cohort A and 33 in cohort B). The median follow-up period (range) was 7.5 (0.2-79.4) months. The median overall survival was 7.8 months in cohort A and 7.6 months in cohort B [hazard ratio (HR), 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.83-1.86; P = .293]. The median progression-free survival was 3.5 and 3.9 months, respectively (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.72-1.55; P = .787). The overall response rate was 30.7% in cohort A and 15.4% in cohort B (P = .338). No new safety concerns were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prior ICI exposure may not significantly affect the efficacy or safety of subsequent taxane plus RAM therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"940-948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing quality indicators for supportive care in cancer treatment: a modified Delphi method.","authors":"Ayako Okuyama, Chihiro Ishii, Sadamoto Zenda","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag064","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyag064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quality indicators for supportive cancer care remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to clarify quality indicators for supportive care addressing side effects experienced by patients undergoing treatment from the perspectives of oncologists and pharmacists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a three-round modified Delphi study, including online discussions, to develop indicators for supportive care related to treatment-associated side effects in adult patients with cancer. An initial list of indicators was developed from a systematic review, conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement, to identify existing quality indicators for managing treatment-induced toxicities in adult patients with cancer. Panelists were oncologists or pharmacists with at least 5 years of experience providing care to patients with cancer. Panelists evaluated the importance of each indicator using a 4-point Likert scale. Indicators rated as \"strongly agree\" or \"agree\" by at least two-thirds of participants were adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 11 panel members (three oncologists and eight pharmacists) participated. In Round 1, 25 potential indicators were reviewed, six new indicators were proposed, and the scope of three indicators was revised (response rate: 100%). In Round 2, all indicators were re-examined, with 11 indicators receiving responses of \"strongly agree\" or \"agree\" from all participants (response rate: 100%). In Round 3, conducted via an online meeting, 24 indicators were ultimately adopted (response rate: 81.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified 24 indicators for supportive care, particularly process indicators, from the perspectives of oncologists and pharmacists. Further research is needed to develop indicators relevant to patients and families.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"976-983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of large cribriform architecture and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate in diagnostic biopsies of mCSPC receiving ARPI-based therapy.","authors":"Shun Sato, Fumihiko Urabe, Yu Imai, Yuya Iwamoto, Kosuke Iwatani, Kojiro Tashiro, Shusuke Tsuzuki, Miyaka Umemori, Jun Miki, Takahiro Kimura, Masayuki Shimoda, Hiroyuki Takahashi","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag067","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyag067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A cribriform architecture and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) are recognized as aggressive histopathological features in prostate cancer. However, their prognostic significance in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC), when assessed from diagnostic biopsy specimens, remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter cohort study included 131 patients with mCSPC who received doublet or triplet therapy incorporating an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor. Diagnostic prostate biopsy specimens were examined for cribriform structures and IDC-P. When the former were present, they were subclassified as small or large types. The primary endpoint was castration-resistant prostate cancer-free survival (CRPC-FS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Large cribriform structures were identified in 54.2% of patients, while small ones were observed in 19.8%. IDC-P was present in 67.2% of cases and was strongly associated with the large-type cribriform architecture (P < .001). Patients with that pattern experienced significantly shorter CRPC-FS compared to those without cribriform structures (P = .013), whereas the small-type architecture was not associated with disease progression. In multivariable analysis, IDC-P and an extent of disease score ≥ 3 were independently associated with shorter CRPC-FS, whereas large cribriform architecture did not retain independent significance. However, incorporation of large cribriform architecture improved model discrimination for predicting castration-resistant prostate cancer progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In diagnostic biopsy specimens, the large-type cribriform architecture is associated with adverse outcomes in mCSPC patients receiving androgen receptor pathway inhibitor-based therapy. Although its prognostic impact overlaps with that of IDC-P, its identification at diagnosis may provide clinically relevant information for contemporary mCSPC management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"998-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Public assistance and survival equality in patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag104","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyag104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148338539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-standardized mortality-to-incidence ratio for brain and central nervous system tumors in the world.","authors":"Laureline Gatellier, Kayo Nakata","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":"56 8","pages":"1027-1028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148678673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}