Japanese journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Risks of extracolonic tumours in patients with Lynch syndrome: a nationwide multicentre cohort study in Japan.","authors":"Fumitaka Taniguchi, Kohji Tanakaya, Akiko Chino, Takeshi Nakajima, Arisa Ueki, Tatsuki Noguchi, Eiki Miyake, Kiwamu Akagi, Gou Yamamoto, Akinari Takao, Misato Takao, Masayoshi Yamada, Mai Ego Makiguchi, Hideyuki Ishida, Yoshiko Mori, Masashi Miguchi, Keiji Hirata, Tatsuro Yamaguchi, Naohiro Tomita, Yoichi Ajioka","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf087","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lynch syndrome (LS) is a genetic condition characterized by an increased risk of colorectal cancer and other associated malignancies. With the limited information available regarding extracolonic tumours, this study aimed to explore tumours associated with LS in the Japanese population and discuss the potential differences in causative pathogenic genetic variants and their phenotypic expression compared with Western cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre retrospective cohort study analysed 316 genetically confirmed LS cases (148 men and 168 women) from 13 institutions. We analysed the incidence of extracolonic LS-associated tumours according to sex and gene variants, including MLH1 (124 cases), MSH2 (139), MSH6 (37), PMS2 (11), and EPCAM (5). Extracolonic tumour types assessed included 88 endometrial, 47 gastric, 27 small intestinal, 21 urothelial, 13 ovarian, 8 biliary tract, 5 brain, three pancreatic, and 18 other cancers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cumulative risk by age 70 was 66% for endometrial cancer, 23% for gastric cancer, 14% for small intestine cancer, 10% for upper urothelial cancer, 9% for ovarian cancer, and 3% for biliary tract cancer. The mean age at diagnosis varied, with gastric and small intestinal cancers presenting later in life than urothelial, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Men had a higher risk of most cancers, except for gynaecological cancers. Gastric and urothelial cancers were primarily associated with MLH1 and MSH2 pathogenic variants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the need for tailored surveillance programmes based on cancer type, sex, causative pathogenic genetic variants, and risk profiles to effectively manage LS in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1005-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Final results of JCOG0601 randomized trial of R-CHOP versus CHOP combined with dose-dense rituximab for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Ken Ohmachi, Tomohiro Kinoshita, Dai Maruyama, Ryunosuke Machida, Yusuke Sano, Nobuhiko Yamauchi, Noriko Fukuhara, Toshiki Uchida, Kazuhito Yamamoto, Kana Miyazaki, Norifumi Tsukamoto, Shinsuke Iida, Isao Yoshida, Yoshitaka Imaizumi, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Shinichiro Yoshida, Yasufumi Masaki, Tohru Murayama, Yoshihiro Yakushijin, Youko Suehiro, Kisato Nosaka, Nobuaki Dobashi, Junya Kuroda, Yasushi Takamatsu, Wataru Munakata, Kiyoshi Ando, Kenichi Ishizawa, Michinori Ogura, Tadashi Yoshino, Tomomitsu Hotta, Kunihiro Tsukasaki, Kensei Tobinai, Hirokazu Nagai","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite several attempts to improve the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) regimen remains the standard of care in previously untreated DLBCL. A randomized phase II/III study (JCOG0601) was performed to investigate the efficacy of dose-dense weekly rituximab combined with standard CHOP (RW-CHOP). Herein, we report the final results of JCOG0601 as a post hoc assessment after an 8-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged 20-79 years with previously untreated DLBCL (stages I-IV, performance status 0-2) were randomized to either standard R-CHOP or RW-CHOP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between December 2007 and December 2014, 421 patients were randomly assigned to R-CHOP (n = 213) or RW-CHOP (n = 208). With a median follow-up of 9.6 years, no meaningful differences were found in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR) in PFS, 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.67-1.32; HR in OS, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.63-1.41]. The median PFS and OS were not estimable in both arms. Twenty-one (5.0%) cases of grade ≥ 3 cardiac toxicity were observed. The cumulative incidence rates of secondary malignancy were 14.6% and 16.8% in the R-CHOP and RW-CHOP arms, respectively. The median time from study enrollment to the onset of secondary malignancy was 4.5 years, and the incidence was time-dependent. No unexpected adverse events, including opportunistic infections, occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These final follow-up data confirmed the nonsuperiority of RW-CHOP in terms of PFS and OS. Standard R-CHOP remains the standard of care for untreated DLBCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sentinel node-guided radiotherapy in Japanese patients with early-stage breast cancer: a single-institution experience with partial-breast brachytherapy and regional nodal irradiation.","authors":"Kazuhiko Sato, Hiromi Fuchikami, Naoko Takeda, Nana Natsume, Masahiro Kato","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast-conserving therapy involves breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with sentinel node (SN) biopsy, followed by whole-breast irradiation (WBI). As a de-escalating strategy, partial-breast irradiation (PBI) has been implemented in SN-negative patients. In contrast, postoperative WBI with regional nodal irradiation (RNI) has replaced axillary clearance in SN-positive patients. This study evaluates the oncological outcomes of these SN-based strategies in Japanese patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included clinical node-negative patients who underwent BCS with SN biopsy between January 2016 and November 2024. Perioperative PBI using multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy (MIB) was administered to patients with pN0(sn) or pN1mi(sn) disease, whereas WBI with RNI was administered to those with pN+(sn) disease. Oncological outcomes were assessed based on locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant recurrence (DR), and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 828 patients, 694 (83.8%) received MIB-PBI and 134 (16.2%) underwent WBI alone. Based on SN status, 649 (78.4%) patients received MIB-PBI, 114 (13.8%) underwent WBI alone, and 65 (7.8%) underwent WBI with RNI. After a median follow-up of 54 months, there was no significant difference in 5-year LRR-free survival (97.5% vs 97.1% vs 97.0%; p = 0.78); however, significant differences were observed in DR-free (99.6% vs 98.4% vs 93.6%; p < 0.001) and OS (99.4% vs 98.4% vs 93.6%; p < 0.001) among the MIB-PBI, WBI alone, and WBI with RNI groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite the limitations of a retrospective design, a small sample size, and a relatively short follow-up period, SN-based de-escalating strategies, including perioperative MIB-PBI and RNI, demonstrated favorable oncological outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author's reply to \"Multicenter phase II trial of trastuzumab and docetaxel for HER2-positive salivary gland cancer\".","authors":"Satoshi Kano, Ichiro Kinoshita, Hirotoshi Dosaka-Akita","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"18F fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in intravascular large B-cell lymphoma involving the uterus.","authors":"Minjung Seo, Hee Jeong Cha, Sang Hyuk Park, Seol Hoon Park","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In reference to \"Multicenter phase II trial of trastuzumab and docetaxel for HER2-positive salivary gland cancer\".","authors":"Pietro De Luca, Luca de Campora, Claudio Viti, Angelo Camaioni","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of a reduced starting dose of cabozantinib (20 mg) plus nivolumab for renal cell carcinoma in real-world practice.","authors":"Tomokazu Sazuka, Yuri Watanabe, Fumiya Yokochi, Kohei Toma, Yusuke Onoda, Kotaro Nagaoka, Sangjon Pae, Shinpei Saito, Kodai Sato, Keisuke Ando, Yasutaka Yamada, Yusuke Imamura, Shinichi Sakamoto","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In systemic treatment for renal cell carcinoma, some patients require dose reduction to prevent adverse events. However, there is currently almost no evidence to support a reduced starting dose for cabozantinib + nivolumab (C + N) in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed single-institution data for patients with renal cell carcinoma with an assessed response to C + N. The starting dose was determined during a multidisciplinary meeting for each patient by considering the following patient characteristics: age, performance status, body weight, and medical history. In all cases, the dosage and schedule of nivolumab could not be modified. Efficacy and adverse events were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen and eighteen patients, respectively, received 20 (reduced dose) and 40 mg (standard dose) of cabozantinib in C + N treatment. The median age was 79.5 years in the reduced-dose group and 69.5 years in the normal-dose group (P < .0001). The objective response rate was 71% in the reduced-dose group and 78% in the normal-dose group (P = .6807). There were no significant differences in progression-free survival and overall survival, nor in the overall and grade ≥ 3 adverse events rates between the groups. Liver dysfunction of any grade occurred significantly more frequently in the normal-dose group (61%) versus the reduced-dose group (21%) (P = .0247).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A 20-mg starting dose of cabozantinib in C + N therapy can achieve almost the same efficacy as a normal starting dose for patients who are hesitant to start treatment at the normal 40-mg dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgery based on resectability status of pancreatic cancer: a narrative review.","authors":"Takahiro Einama, Mayuko Ohara, Koki Ichio, Kazuki Kobayashi, Hanae Shinada, Naoto Yonamine, Takazumi Tsunenari, Mikiya Takao, Yasuhiro Takihata, Hideki Ueno, Yoji Kishi","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, it is routine to determine the treatment plans for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) based on the resectability status, which is classified into: resectable (R), borderline resectable (BR), and unresectable (UR). In patients with R-PDAC, we have frequently encountered distant metastases only after laparotomy. In addition, early postoperative recurrence may be noted even after curative resection. To overcome these issues, preoperative treatment has been recommended to estimate the tumor aggressiveness and avoid unnecessary surgery. For BR disease, all clinical trials comparing upfront surgery with preoperative treatment have shown a better prognosis with the latter. For UR disease, especially with distant metastases, a previous multi-institutional retrospective study suggested that we should consider conversion surgery after at least 8 months of chemotherapy. However, the postoperative prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Appropriate regimens and durations of preoperative treatment for each respectability status have yet to be established. Other issues, such as the feasibility of arterial reconstruction and whether all metastatic lesions should be removed, remain to be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymph node dissection as a local control during segmentectomy for small-sized and radiologically solid dominant and pure solid tumors.","authors":"Takahiro Mimae, Yoshihiro Miyata, Norifumi Tsubokawa, Yujin Kudo, Takuya Nagashima, Hiroyuki Ito, Norihiko Ikeda, Morihito Okada","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Small-sized, peripherally located, and radiologically solid-dominant or pure solid nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors are related to lymph node metastasis at a certain frequency. The aim of this study is to disclose the validity of lymph node dissection on oncological local control during segmentectomy for such tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the clinicopathological findings, the distribution of the involved lymph nodes, the patterns of lymph node recurrences, and the prognosis of 1921 patients with radiologically-determined ≤3 cm-sized, solid-dominant or pure solid NSCLC tumors without clinical lymph node involvement following complete resections with lobectomy (n = 1472) or segmentectomy (n = 449) between 2010 and 2020. The median follow-up duration for anonymized cases was 51.8 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age, solid tumor size, whole tumor size, and maximum of standardized uptake value were 72/69 years, 1.5/1.8 cm, 1.6/2.1 cm, and 2.0/3.5 in patients undergoing segmentectomy/lobectomy, respectively. Hilar lymph node metastases were recognized in 13 (3%) patients who underwent segmentectomy, and in 110 (8%) patients who underwent lobectomy, respectively. No patients experienced a recurrence of hilar lymph node metastasis in either adjacent or nonadjacent areas without distant metastasis after segmentectomy, while three patients experienced recurrence after lobectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lymph node dissection can be adequately performed during segmentectomy for selected small and peripherally located NSCLC tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ovarian cancer prognosis by nomogram model based on prospective cohort study.","authors":"Hongmei Li, Qianjie Xu, Yuliang Yuan, Zuhai Hu, Anlong Sun, Haike Lei, Bin Peng","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyaf128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaf128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ovarian cancer (OC), accounting for 3.4% of female cancer diagnoses and 4.8% of cancer-related deaths globally, faces high recurrence risks. We aimed to develop a nomogram integrating novel biomarkers to improve prognostic accuracy for OC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data from 1342 OC patients at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital (2019-21) were analyzed. Multivariate Cox regression identified independent prognostic factors to construct the nomogram. Model performance was evaluated via the C-index, time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The independent prognostic factors for OC in this study include the body mass index, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, differentiation, surgery, targeted therapy, hemoglobin, β2 microglobulin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, interleukin-6, and keratin 19. In both the training and validation cohorts, the C-indexes were 0.756 (95% CI: 0.718-0.793) and 0.751 (95% CI: 0.697-0.805), respectively. The calibration curve demonstrated a high level of consistency between the predicted and observed probabilities. DCA confirmed that the nomogram model provided a higher net benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study established a prognostic nomogram for OC and validated it with rigorous statistical metrics. An online tool was developed to facilitate personalized treatment strategies, offering clinical utility for OC management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}