JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing Osteotomy Geometries in Posterolateral Mandibulectomies.","authors":"Hugh Andrew Jinwook Kim, Michael J De Biasio, Vito Forte, Ralph W Gilbert, Jonathan C Irish, David P Goldstein, John R de Almeida, Matthew M Hanasono, Peirong Yu, Douglas B Chepeha, Thomas Looi, Christopher M K L Yao","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3246","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Reconstructive stability after mandibulectomy with osseous autogenous transplant is influenced by masticatory forces and the resulting stress on the titanium plate.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine an optimal geometry of mandibular osteotomy that minimizes undesirable loading of the reconstruction plate.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>In this combined in silico and in vitro basic science study, segmented computed tomography images of an adult male human mandible downloaded from the Visible Human Project were analyzed. Data were collected from July to November 2023.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Four posterolateral mandibular resections and bony transplants were modeled following (1) vertical, (2) angled, (3) step, and (4) sagittal osteotomies. Using SOLIDWORKS software, mastication was simulated under (1) incisal, (2) ipsilateral molar, and (3) contralateral molar loading. Mandible models were then 3-dimensionally printed, osteotomized, and plated. Masticatory loads were simulated using pulleys, and strains were measured using strain gauges.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>On the reconstruction plate, von Mises stresses were measured in silico, and strains were measured using strain gauges in vitro. Stress and strain are reactions of a material to loading that can result in irreversible deformation or fracture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In silico, maximum plate stress was highest with the vertical osteotomy, followed by the angled osteotomy (median difference vs vertical: ipsilateral molar loading, 126 MPa; 95% CI, 18-172; incisal loading, -24 MPa; 95% CI, -89 to 31; contralateral molar loading, 91 MPa; 95% CI, 23-189), step osteotomy (median difference vs angled: ipsilateral molar loading, 168 MPa; 95% CI, 112-235; incisal loading, 80 MPa; 95% CI, 15-140; contralateral molar loading, -17; 95% CI, -115 to 83), and sagittal osteotomy (median difference vs step: ipsilateral molar loading, 122 MPa; 95% CI, 102-154; incisal loading, 197 MPa; 95% CI, 166-230; contralateral molar loading, 161 MPa; 95% CI, 21-232). An angled osteotomy had the lowest stress at 30° of angulation (median difference vs contralateral molar loading at 40° of angulation: 111 MPa; 95% CI, 4-186). In vitro, the vertical osteotomy had the highest maximum strain, followed by the angled osteotomy (mean difference vs vertical: incisal loading, 0.021 mV/V; 95% CI, 0.014-0.027; contralateral molar loading, 0 mV/V; 95% CI, -0.004 to 0.005), step osteotomy (mean difference vs angled: incisal loading, 0.015 mV/V; 95% CI, 0.003-0.028; contralateral molar loading, 0.021 mV/V; 95% CI, 0.016-0.027), and sagittal osteotomy (mean difference vs step: incisal loading, 0.006 mV/V; 95% CI, -0.006 to 0.018; contralateral molar loading, 0.020 mV/V; 95% CI, 0.015-0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this study, the traditional vertical osteotomy resulted in less favorable plat","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Olfactory Impairment and Frailty-Reply.","authors":"Brian Sheng Yep Yeo, Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan, Tze Choong Charn","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Olfactory Impairment and Frailty.","authors":"Sahar Assi, Varun Vohra, Nicholas R Rowan","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraductal Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland With Extensive Bone Invasion.","authors":"Jonas Ver Berne, Joke De Ceulaer, Ignace Dalle, David Creytens, Lieve Vanwalleghem","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3720","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Depression Should Be Integral to Comprehensive Head and Neck Cancer Care.","authors":"Aru Panwar, Claire Tolan, William Lydiatt","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3742","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Titration Protocol for Upper Airway Stimulation in Pediatric Patients With Down Syndrome.","authors":"Robert M Frederick, Cristina M Baldassari","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Upper airway stimulation (UAS) was recently approved to treat persistent obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric patients with Down syndrome. Appropriate titration of the UAS implantable device is essential to achieve optimal outcomes, but standardized titration protocols for young patients are lacking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and share a UAS titration protocol for pediatric patients with Down syndrome.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This small cohort study of pediatric patients with Down syndrome presents a standardized UAS stimulation titration protocol for conducting postimplantation polysomnograms. The protocol was developed through a multidisciplinary collaboration at a tertiary children's hospital with a dedicated pediatric polysomnogram laboratory. The initial titration polysomnogram was performed on the night of device activation, with subsequent titration polysomnograms performed at 1 month, 2 to 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after implantation. The initial titration goal is acclimation, promoting AHI optimization in later polysomnograms. Pediatric patients with Down syndrome and persistent obstructive sleep apnea who have undergone UAS titration from June 2022 to January 2024 participated in this study.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>A novel standardized UAS titration polysomnogram protocol.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The main outcomes were apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) change and nightly device use in hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 5 pediatric patients with Down syndrome who have undergone UAS implantation. Three patients were male, and 4 identified as White. The median (range) age at implantation was 15 years (12-20 years), and the median (range) preoperative AHI was 20.1 (15.6-38.8). The median (range) incoming voltage for a 1-month postimplant UAS titration polysomnogram was 1.7 V (0.4-1.7 V). All 5 patients completed UAS titration polysomnograms at the aforementioned postoperative time course; all patients also experienced an AHI reduction from baseline and adequate tolerance of UAS (ie, nightly device use of more than 6 hours). A titration protocol for UAS in pediatric patients with Down syndrome, a sample polysomnogram report form, and general information for sleep technologists are provided.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this study, a standardized UAS protocol for device titration during polysomnogram promoting acclimation and optimized AHI reduction demonstrated UAS efficacy in pediatric patients with Down syndrome. The protocol can be used as a model for other institutions creating programs for UAS titration in pediatric patients with Down syndrome. As more pediatric patients undergo UAS device implants, protocols can be refined to ensure optimal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Deficiency and Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity.","authors":"Andrew E Bluher, Timothy Kearney, Turaj Vazifedan, Cristina M Baldassari","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Prior research has demonstrated an association between vitamin D deficiency and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults; however, its association with pediatric OSA is emerging.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association of vitamin D levels with obstructive Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) in children with OSA.</p><p><strong>Design, settings, and participants: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study of children aged 2 to 16 years with severe obstructive OSA (AHI ≥20 on polysomnogram) who were undergoing adenotonsillectomy at a tertiary care pediatric otolaryngology clinic from 2017 to 2022. Age, sex, race, body mass index, history of asthma, and season were considered in the analyses. Data were analyzed from September 3, 2021, to October 8, 2021.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured and assessed for correlation with polysomnography metrics. Fasting blood samples were collected and vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D level less than 20 ng/mL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The consecutive sample included 72 patients (mean [SD] age, 6.7 [3.9] years; 34 [47.2%] females and 38 [52.8%] males). The mean (SD) AHI was 42.8 (25.5), and 35 participants (49.0%) had obesity. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 27 participants (37.5%). In univariate analysis, vitamin D deficiency was associated with younger age (difference, -5.0; 95% CI, -7.2 to -2.8), Black race (odds ratio [OR], 4.3; 95% CI, 1.4 to 14.3), female sex (OR, 4.8; 95% CI, 1.7 to 12.5), and higher obstructive AHI (difference, 13.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 26.4). In multivariable analysis, vitamin D deficiency remained significantly associated with AHI. A 1.0-unit decrease in serum 25(OH)D levels was associated with an AHI increase of 0.7 (95% CI, 0.04 to 1.40).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this cross-sectional study indicate that vitamin D deficiency was common in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy for severe OSA and is significantly associated with increased OSA severity. Future research is needed on vitamin D supplementation and its association with any improvements in pediatric OSA treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends in Thyroid Nodule Size on Ultrasonography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Hayley Mann, Natalia Arroyo, Vivian Hsiao, Franklin Tessler, Lori Mankowski Gettle, Yanchen Zhang, Abdullah Adil, Mary Hitchcock, Elian Massoud, Catherine Jensen, Oguzhan Alagoz, Louise Davies, Sara Fernandes-Taylor, David O Francis","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3623","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;In recent years, concern has grown around the overdetection of thyroid cancer. Changes to thyroid nodule risk stratification systems and guidelines were made to improve diagnostic yield. It is not known how these advancements have affected the size of thyroid nodules reported on ultrasonography over time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate change in reported nodule size since 1990, particularly between studies of thyroid ultrasonography obtained for diagnostic vs screening purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study selection: &lt;/strong&gt;The systematic review included original research studies that reported thyroid nodule size in adults undergoing their first thyroid ultrasonography. Excluded studies were those that included patients with known thyroid disease, prior thyroid ultrasonography, nodules identified through other imaging modalities, and/or that had constraints on nodule size and/or characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data sources: &lt;/strong&gt;PubMed, SCOPUS, CENTRAL, and CINAHL were reviewed from January 1990 to March 2021. Study characteristics, patient demographic characteristics, nodule size, and ultrasonography techniques were independently extracted by multiple observers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;The size of thyroid nodules reported via ultrasonography over time. Mixed-effects meta-regression models were used to evaluate mean nodule size (1) overall, (2) in studies that used ultrasonography diagnostically, and (3) in studies that used ultrasonography for screening.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 11 963 patients were included; the mean (SD) age was 47.6 (5.2) years. A total of 1097 studies were identified; of these, 395 full-text articles were assessed, and 18 studies met inclusion criteria. All were done at academic institutions. Altogether, these studies had 11 963 patients who underwent a first thyroid ultrasonography. Reported mean nodule size increased 0.52 mm each year from 1990 to 2021 (95% CI, 0.2-0.81). Diagnostic subgroup mean nodule size increased 0.57 mm each year from 1990 to 2021 (95% CI, 0.21-0.93). Screening subgroup mean nodule size decreased by 0.23 mm each year up to 2012 (95% CI, -0.40 to -0.07).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that thyroid nodule size reported on diagnostic ultrasonography has increased over time in conjunction with changes in risk stratification systems, nodule guidelines, and radiology practice patterns. Conversely, a decrease in size reported in asymptomatic, ultrasonography-screened populations was observed. Findings from screening studies show that subcentimeter nodules are prevalent and easily identified with ultrasonography, but clinical relevance is questionable. Altogether, these results may provide insight into how ultrasonography guidelines and practice patterns have changed thyroid nodule reporting over time and can inform future guidelines and policies associ","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbid Depression in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Compared With Other Cancers.","authors":"Marina C Martinez, Andrey Finegersh, Fred M Baik, F Chris Holsinger, Heather M Starmer, Lisa A Orloff, John B Sunwoo, Davud Sirjani, Vasu Divi, Michelle M Chen","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Depression is more prevalent among individuals with cancer than in the general population and is correlated with increased mortality in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in particular.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the prevalence of depression between patients with HNC and patients with other cancers.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used population-level data on patients aged 18 years or older with cancer who participated in the 2019 National Health Interview Survey and had completed the Personal Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8). The analysis was performed between August 7, 2023, and April 5, 2024.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Any cancer diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The main outcome was prevalence and severity of depression based on the PHQ-8. The magnitude of the difference in baseline characteristics was measured between patients with HNC and those with other cancer types, and 95% CIs were used to measure the precision of these estimates. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association of demographic, socioeconomic, anxiety, and clinical variables with depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From a weighted cohort of 23 496 725 adult patients with cancer, 377 080 were diagnosed with HNC (87.5% aged 51-84 years; 77.9% male). The prevalence of any depression on the PHQ-8 (mild, moderate, or severe) was 40.1% in patients with HNC vs 22.3% in patients with other cancers. Compared with patients with other cancers, patients with HNC were equally likely to screen positive for anxiety (23.6% vs 16.0%; difference, 7.6%; 95% CI, -5.9% to 21.1%), take medication for depression (10.1% vs 13.9%; difference, -3.8%; 95% CI, -11.9% to 4.4%), and state that they never feel depressed (59.7% vs 53.7%; difference, 6.0%; 95% CI, -9.1% to 21.0%). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, having HNC was associated with an increased likelihood of depression (odds ratio [OR], 2.94; 95% CI, 1.39-6.22). Other factors associated with depression were being unmarried or not living with a partner (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.55-2.43) and having anxiety (OR, 23.14; 95% CI, 17.62-30.37).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This cohort study found that patients with HNC were twice as likely to screen positive for depression on a validated survey than those with other cancers, despite having similar rates of self-reported depression and depression medication use. These findings suggest that self-reporting of depression may result in underreporting and undertreatment in this population and, thus, a need for further work in developing interventions to improve identification of and optimize treatment for patients with HNC and comorbid depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection, Patterns, and Outcomes of Recurrent HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Rema Shah, Sarah G Wilkins, Conrad W Safranek, Hemali P Shah, Catherine Brophy, Saral Mehra","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Recurrent human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a relatively rare but serious disease with little empirical data. Previous works have studied patterns of recurrence in HPV-positive OPSCC, but only one has studied truly recurrent disease as opposed to persistent disease, and no work systematically analyzed posttreatment surveillance imaging strategies and how recurrences were detected.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To refine the understanding of HPV-positive OPSCC recurrence and inform optimal imaging surveillance strategies.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This retrospective cohort study involved electronic medical record review at a tertiary care hospital. Patients treated for OPSCC from 2012 to 2019 were extracted, and patients diagnosed with HPV-positive OPSCC were identified. Data were analyzed from December 2022 to May 2023.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Percentage of patients with a true recurrence, location of recurrence, time of recurrence detection, and method of recurrence detection. Recurrence was demonstrated with a scan after an imaging-established disease-free state 3 to 6 months posttreatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 367 patients with HPV-positive OPSCC (mean [SD] age, 60.6 [9.2] years; 310 [84.5%] male), 37 (10.1%) experienced true disease recurrence. Median (IQR) follow-up time of the cohort was 3.6 years (8.5-88 months), defined as time from diagnosis to death or last contact. Within the true recurrence cohort, 21 patients (56.8%) experienced local, regional, or local and regional recurrence (LRR); 15 (40.5%) experienced distant metastasis (DM); and 1 (2.7%) experienced both LRR and DM. The mean (SD) time for detecting LRR was 2.46 (1.94) years and was considerably longer compared to the 1.89 (0.87) years for detecting DM (difference, 0.57 [95% CI, -0.29 to 1.02] years). The majority of patients identified their recurrence through symptom changes (31 [81.1%]) rather than through surveillance imaging (3 [8.1%]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and relevance: </strong>In this cohort study, 10.1% of patients experienced true HPV-positive OPSCC disease recurrence, with most incidences of DM occurring in the lung and brain. Disease recurrence was identified primarily through symptomatic change, suggesting that further research may be needed to understand the optimal surveillance strategies after definitive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}