Italian Journal of Agronomy最新文献

{"title":"Use of biodegradable plastic films in agriculture and their fate in soil","authors":"A. Kishimoto-Mo, Henry Y. Sintim, L. Ledda","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2155","url":null,"abstract":"Not available","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44301430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential gas exchange and soil microclimate dynamics under biodegradable plastic, polyethylene, and paper mulches","authors":"Henry Y. Sintim, K. Shahzad, A. Bary, D. P. Collins, E. Myhre, M. Flury","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.1979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.1979","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegradable plastic mulch is potentially a suitable alternative to conventional polyethylene mulch because of the limited disposal options of the latter. However, biodegradable plastic mulch must perform better or comparably to polyethylene mulch to be widely adopted. Gas exchange and soil microclimate are important factors impacted by the use of plastic mulch, which in turn have implications on crop productivity. A controlled-environment study was established in a greenhouse to assess gas exchange and soil microclimate dynamics under biodegradable plastic, polyethylene, and paper mulches with and without planting holes, as well as the impact of the mulches on the growth of sweet corn (Zea mays). A no-mulch condition was included as control. In addition, we monitored CO2 concentrations in the vicinity of planting holes (chimney effect) in a greenhouse and agricultural field conditions under sweet corn production. The plastic mulches (both biodegradable plastic and polyethylene mulches) decreased the soil O2concentration to a minimum of 181–183 mmol mol-1, and when compared to the no-mulch, the plastic mulches reduced water loss within 50 days by 35–68 mm. The paper mulch inhibited light penetration more than did the plastic mulches. There was an increase in the CO2 concentration at 2.5 cm above the planting holes in the plastic mulches compared to that under the no-mulch. However, the differences were not discernible at 15 cm above the ground. Consequently, we did not observe significant impacts on the growth of sweet corn, possibly, because the canopy height of sweet corn was more than 15 cm within a few days after planting. Overall, the plastic mulches did not reduce O2 concentration below 100 mmol mol-1, the minimum level in which plant growth becomes impaired. Also, the often reported improved growth of sweet corn from plastic mulching could be attributable to other factors, such as weed control, reduced water loss, and early season soil warming, rather than elevated CO2 concentrations and fluxes in the vicinity of planting holes.\u0000 \u0000Highlights- Gas exchange and soil microclimate dynamics under biodegradable plastic, polyethylene, and paper mulches were assessed - Elevated CO2 levels were observed near planting holes of plastic mulches (both biodegradable and polyethylene) - The plastic mulches inhibited O2 exchange, but not to a level that could impair plant growth - Polyethylene mulch conserved soil water better than biodegradable plastic and paper mulches - Paper mulch inhibited light penetration better than plastic mulches","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42216703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil refinement accelerates in-field degradation rates of soil-biodegradable mulch films","authors":"Marco Bianchini, L. Trozzo, P. D’Ottavio, Marco Giustozzi, M. Toderi, L. Ledda, M. Francioni","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2044","url":null,"abstract":"Soil-biodegradable mulch films are a promising solution to replace conventional polyethylene-based mulch films, the use of which has led to negative environmental impacts. Soil-biodegradable mulch films are specifically designed to be incorporated into the soil at the end of the cropping cycle, and are expected to be biodegraded by soil microorganisms. The biodegradability of such products must be tested under laboratory-controlled conditions following international standards, although these can fail to represent real environmental conditions where mulch films are used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil refinement on the degradation rates of three different commercial soil-biodegradable mulch films after their incorporation into the soil. The hypotheses were that: (i) soil refinement (i.e., ploughing followed by grubbing) creates more favourable conditions for film biodegradation compared to ploughing alone; and (ii) different mulch films show different degradation rates. An open-field completely randomised design was applied to test the effects of soil refinement by ploughing to 0.35 m depth without and with subsequent grubbing to 0.15 m depth twice. Three commercially available soil-biodegradable mulch films were sampled in 2020 (i.e., two Mater-bi-based, one Ecovio-based) at the end of a zucchini growing season (~3 months) when films were still lying above ground, and were later buried at 0.2 m depth inside mesh bags. Biodegradation rates of the sampled films were assessed with the indirect indicators of film weight loss and surface area loss at ~2-month intervals over 314 days. The results showed that soil refinement significantly accelerated degradation of the three tested mulch films by 14% and 17% according to the loss of weight and surface area indicators, respectively. One Mater-bi-based film showed higher degradation rates compared to the other two films. Future studies are needed to quantify the time needed for these different mulch films to be completely biodegraded. Such studies should be carried out following standards for laboratory incubation and/or in-field quantification of residual polymers in the soil over time.\u0000Highlights- Degradation rates of three biodegradable mulch films were evaluated in the open-field.- Soil refinement accelerates the degradation of film weight (14%) and surface (17%).- Highest degradation rates were observed for one Mater-bi-based film.- Fastest degradation rates were observed in spring for all the tested films.- Weight and surface area loss indicators showed positive relationship.","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43467797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of p-nitrophenyl fatty acid substrate suitable for detecting changes in soil esterase activity associated with degradation of biodegradable polyester mulch films: a field trial","authors":"S. Tsuboi, Kimiko Yamamoto-Tamura, A. Takada, S. Yonemura, Yuko Takada Hoshino, H. Kitamoto, A. Kishimoto-Mo","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2040","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to develop a method for detecting microbial activity based on soil esterase activity during biodegradation of polyester biodegradable mulch films after plowing the field. Herein, we report that the p-nitrophenyl butyrate (pNP–C4) substrate, among five pNP fatty acid substrates (pNP–acetate (C2), –C4, –hexanoate (C6), –decanoate (C10), and dodecanoate (C12)) in a cultivated field, is a specific indicator for detecting microbial activity associated with biodegradation of biodegradable polyesters. To evaluate film degradation by loss of weight and visual area, pieces of three different films were placed independently in meshed plastic bags and buried in a cultivated field in Japan, for seven months. One was made from poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA), and two were biodegradable polyester (poly(butylene terephthalate-co-adipate) and poly(butylene succinate)-type polymer)-based commercial films (hereafter described as films A and B) and weathered for three months in the cultivated field. The soil that adhered to the mesh bag and film was retrieved and mixed, and their esterase activities were measured using the five pNP fatty acid substrates. From the loss of visual area, the time taken from burial to accelerated degradation increased, in the order of PBSA, film A, and film B. The reproducibility of the hydrolytic activity values of pNP–C2, –C4, and –C6 in bulk soil were considered sufficient to measure baselines for the enzymatic activities. Among these substrates, the hydrolytic activity of pNP–C4 was significantly higher in the degradation process of PBSA and film A. In addition, unlike the pNP–C2 and –C6, the hydrolytic activity of the pNP–C4 in the bulk soil was not affected by changes in soil temperature and moisture under the conditions of this experiment. Therefore, the pNP–C4 hydrolytic activity can aid in the detection of the microbial activity associated with the biodegradation of polyester-based biodegradable mulch films in cultivated field soils.","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47317691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of crop frost damage models and their potential application to cover crops","authors":"Mara Gabbrielli, A. Perego, M. Acutis, L. Bechini","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2046","url":null,"abstract":"Cover crops provide agro-ecological services like erosion control, improvement of soil quality, reduction of nitrate leaching and weed control. Before planting the subsequent cash crop, cover crops need to be terminated with herbicides, mechanically or with the help of frost (winterkill). Winterkill termination is expected to increase its relevance in the next years, especially for organic farming due to limitations in the use of herbicides and for conservation agriculture cropping systems. Termination by frost depends on complex interactions between genotype, development stage and weather conditions. To understand these interactions for management purposes, crop frost damage models, whose review is the purpose of this article, can be very useful. A literature search led to the collection of eight frost damage models, mainly dedicated to winter wheat. Three of these models are described in detail because they appear suited to adaptation to cover crops. Indeed, they explicitly simulate frost tolerance acquisition and loss as influenced by development stage using a crop frost tolerance temperature, whose rate of variation depends on the processes of hardening and dehardening. This tolerance temperature is compared daily with environmental temperature to calculate frost damage to the vegetative organs. The three models, when applied to winter wheat in Canada, Norway and France, have shown good agreement between measured and simulated crop frost tolerance temperature (when declared, the root mean squared error was 2.4°C). To compare the behaviour of these models, we applied them in two locations with different climatic conditions (temperate climate: Sant’Angelo Lodigiano, Italy, and continental climate: Saskaatoon, Canada) with respect to frost tolerance acquisition. This comparison revealed that the three models provide different simulated dates for the frost damage event in the continental site, while they are more similar in the temperate site. In conclusion, we have shown that the reviewed models are potentially suitable for simulating cover crop frost damage.\u0000Highlights - Frost termination is very important for cover crops and needs to be simulated with crop models. - Lacking a cover crop frost damage model, we review eight models simulating damage of cash crops, namely cereals. - Three of these models are also applicable to cover crops and are described in more detail. - The simulated crop frost tolerance temperature decreases and increases with hardening and dehardening, respectively. - This tolerance temperature is compared with environmental temperature to calculate frost damage to the crop.","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42006078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-door germination and seedling growth of green and red lettuce under LED-light spectrum and subsequent effect on baby leaf lettuce","authors":"C. Hernández-Adasme, H. Silva, V. Escalona","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.1982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.1982","url":null,"abstract":"The spectrum and intensity of light play a significant role in the primary and secondary metabolism of plants. Low intensity can make the photosynthetic process less efficient, while inadequate spectrum can impair plant growth and quality. This study investigates the effect of different LED light spectra at low intensity on germination and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings under a temperature-controlled chamber and the subsequent impact on mature plants grown in a greenhouse under natural light. The purpose was to reach a commercial plant seedling using a low amount of energy to achieve the yield potential in a shorter period. The experiment was carried out in three trials. In trial 1, the effect of different LED light wavelengths [100% blue (B); 100% red (R); mixed light 1 (52% blue, 27% green and 21% red) (BGR1), and mixed light 2 (29% blue, 53% green and 17% red and 1% far red) (BGR2)] at low intensity (55 μmol m–2 s–1 and 12 h light photoperiod) and darkness (control) on germination of two lettuce cultivars [‘Levistro’ (green) and ‘Carmolí’ (red)] was evaluated in a controlled temperature chamber (20±1.2°C). In trial 2, the effect of the same light conditions of the first experiment on agronomic characteristics and pigment contents of lettuce seedlings compared to the natural light (control: 451±66 μmol m–2 s–1) were evaluated. In trial 3, the seedlings developed under different LED light wavelengths were transplanted to evaluate the subsequent effect on the growth of baby lettuce cultivated hydroponically in the greenhouse under natural light. The results of this study show that red wavelength reduced germination percentage, while lights with a higher blue component (B and BGR1) accelerated germination and increased the number of germinated seeds in ‘Levistro’. Red also delayed germination and decreased the number of germinated seeds in ‘Carmolí’ compared to darkness. Seedlings of ‘Levistro’ had a higher fresh weight (FW) than ‘Carmolí’. In addition, FW increased under BGR2 and R, which coincided with the highest number of leaves and leaf length. Nevertheless, fresh weight was higher under BGR2 and B after transplanting, coinciding with the highest number of leaves. A higher blue component of the light (B and BGR1) increased the dry matter percentage (DMP) of seedlings, but there was no significant difference after transplanting. Chlorophyll (CHL) a and b content increased under BGR2; however, the highest CHL a/b ratio was observed under BGR1 in ‘Levistro’ and B in ‘Carmolí’, but it was higher after transplanting when seedlings were grown under B. The anthocyanin (ANT) content of ‘Carmolí’ seedlings was promoted by a higher blue component of the light (B and BGR1) but significantly increased under natural light (control) at the highest intensity. This work shows that varying the spectrum at low intensity can positively modify the growth and biochemical characteristics of lettuce seedlings, although the effect depends on the cul","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43080182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the environmental impacts of suckler calf-to-beef mixed crop-livestock farms in northern Italy: A farm-based study","authors":"Dennis Bonnin, F. Ferrero, E. Tabacco, Stefano Carena, G. Borreani","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2017","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of the environmental impacts of beef production has been extensively debated in recent years. However, the research on this theme has mainly been based on farm-model studies with limited attention to contribution analysis of impact categories and aspects linked to cropping systems and feed self-sufficiency in mixed crop-livestock farms. This study evaluated the cradle-tofarm gate environmental impacts of mixed-crop livestock farms rearing the Piedmontese beef breed and suckler calf-to-beef operations in Northwest Italy. Data have been collected from detailed on-farm questionnaires, field books, and invoices of 11 farms over two years (2017-2018). The environmental impacts have been evaluated in terms of land occupation (LO, m2/year), global warming potential (GWP, kg CO2-eq), acidification potential (AP, g SO2-eq) and non-renewable cumulative energy demand (CED, MJ), using life cycle assessment methodology. The functional unit considered was one kilogram of live weight produced at the farm gate. The Piedmontese beef production system showed comparable average environmental impacts with those found in other studies, even though high variability was observed in the studied farms. The GWP averaged 15.7 kg of CO2 eq/kg LW and ranged from 12.1 to 17.6 kg of CO2 eq/kg LW. The CED, LO and AP were on average 62.4 MJ/kg LW, 18.5 m2/y/kg LW and 305 g SO2 eq/kg LW, respectively. Differences in environmental impacts and GWP contribution analysis were mainly due to differences in cropping system management strategies and the consequent levels of feed self-sufficiency. A positive effect of high fertility and animal productivity was observed on the GWP (r=0.62; P<0.01), highlighting the importance of improving efficiency of these aspects for the reduction of emissions. From the contribution analysis of impact categories, the high cost of purchased feeds (in particular protein feeds), transport, and mineral fertilizers for feed production were highly relevant. However further research is needed to confirm these findings.\u0000Highlights - Study of 11 farms for two years. - High relevance of purchased feeds on environmental impacts. - Productive and reproductive performances are key points in reducing environmental impacts. - Importance of the valorisation of farm crop surfaces to satisfy animals’ needs.","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46435926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fennel outperforms ajwain and anise in saline environment: physiological response mechanisms in germinating seeds and mature plants","authors":"Javad Nouripour-Sisakht, P. Ehsanzadeh, M. H. Ehtemam","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2096","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of different medicinal species as alternative crops for saline conditions needs to be explored. Comparative physiological responses of germinating seeds and mature plants of three genotypes of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), and ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) to salt were studied in a 2-year field experiment using 0 and 100 mcM, and a laboratory experiment using 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 mM NaCl. Catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities increased in the salt-stricken plants of all genotypes, but only peroxidase activity of the salt-treated plants of anise genotypes and two of the fennel genotypes increased under field conditions. Chlorophyll and K+ concentrations of all genotypes decreased, but proline and Na+ concentrations and Na+/K+ increased under saline conditions. Dry mass, grain yield, and essential oil yield decreased in the salt-exposed plants across all genotypes and species. Germination, root, and shoot length were suppressed upon exposure to saline water. Despite the increasing trend of the proline and polyphenol concentrations and catalase and peroxidases activities, ascorbate peroxidase activity of germinating seeds decreased with an increase in NaCl concentration. Smaller adverse effects of salt on fennel germination attributes, grain and essential oil yields were evident. Moreover, greater activities of antioxidative enzymes and maintained Na+ and Na+/K+ of salt-stricken fennel plants were observed. These findings indicate that germinating seeds and mature plants of fennel have a greater ability to withstand salinity than the other examined species.","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45117217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of salt tolerance traits and the salt tolerance evaluation method in Brassica napus at the seed germination stage","authors":"A. Bakirov, Yan Zhang, Qi Zhang, Shayakhmetova Altyn Seitahmetovna, Xiaojuan Yu, Yiji Shii, Yu Xu, Kai Wang, Mengfan Qin, Aixia Xu, Zhen Huang","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2011","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that negatively affect plant growth and agricultural productivity. For many crop species, the germination stage is one of the most sensitive stages to salinity stress. This study evaluated salt tolerance in 200 Brassica napus L. germplasms using hierarchical cluster analysis based on multiple morphological parameters, including germination rate, root length, fresh weight of root, shoot length, fresh weight of shoot, and total fresh weight. Membership function was used as a comprehensive index to select and evaluate salt tolerance of these germplasms, identifying 8 highly salt-tolerant germplasms, 40 salt-tolerant germplasms, 65 moderate salt-tolerant germplasms, 52 salt-sensitive germplasms, and 35 highly saltsensitive germplasms lines. The responses of rapeseed germplasm to salt stress indicate differences in morphological parameters. Furthermore, NaCl showed a positive effect on total fresh weight and biomass production of some germplasms at a concentration of 100 mmol L–1. Since the correlation value of salt tolerance with total fresh weight was highest under 200 mmol L–1 NaCl, it can be considered the most reliable parameter to evaluate salt tolerance. Therefore, the findings of this study can be applied as an effective and reliable method for mass screening and evaluation of Brassica napus germplasm at the germination stage for breeding salt-tolerant rapeseed genotypes.\u0000Highlights - The salinity tolerance of 200 varieties of B. napus germplasms was investigated. - B. napus is more vulnerable to saline conditions during the germination and early reproductive stages than the vegetative and flowering periods. - Based on hierarchical cluster analysis, there was a wide variability of salinity tolerance among rapeseed germplasm. - Low concentration of sodium chloride had a positive effect on shoot and root growth, germination and total weight in some B. napus seedlings. - Total fresh weight can be utilized as the most efficient index for mass screening of salt tolerance in B. napus germplasms at the germination stage.","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48247575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from sugarcane improve the survival of micropropagated plants during acclimatisation","authors":"Gabriela Michavila, P. Alibrandi, P. Cinà, B. Welin, A. Castagnaro, N. Chalfoun, A. Noguera, A. Puglia, M. Ciaccio, J. Racedo","doi":"10.4081/ija.2022.2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2006","url":null,"abstract":"The plant microbiome plays an important role in nutrient acquisition and buffering plant hosts against abiotic and biotic stress. During in vitro propagation of sugarcane, pathogenic microorganisms are eliminated and most of the beneficial endophytic microorganisms. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterise potential plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) from sugarcane and to analyse their ability to improve the survival of micropropagated sugarcane plantlets during the acclimatisation stage. First, bacterial isolates from sugarcane were identified by partial 16S rDNA sequencing and tested for plant growth-promoting (PGP) features, such as inorganic and organic phosphate solubilisation nitrogen fixation, siderophore synthesis, indole-3-acetic acid production, tolerance to abiotic stress and antibiotics production. Then three bacterial strains with multiple PGP traits were independently applied to micropropagated seedlings of the sugarcane variety TUC 03-12 when the plants were transferred to a nursery for ex vitro acclimatisation. The effect of selected PGPB on survival rates of micropropagated plantlets was evaluated in three independent assays, using different batches of seedlings. Thirty days after inoculation, 182-Bacillus and 336-Pseudomonas isolates significantly improved the transferred plants survival rate. High variability in plant survival among independent experiments was observed, but treatments with the 336-Pseudomonas strain showed a low mortality rate (20%) in all assays. This procedure constitutes a biological tool to improve the survival of micropropagated plants during greenhouse acclimatisation. Furthermore, it provides an initial tool for selecting bacteria with possible PGP effects in the field.\u0000Highlights - A total of 162 isolates obtained from the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, roots, and stems of sugarcane were characterised for plant growthpromoting features and identified by partial 16S rDNA sequencing. - Two PGPBs strains isolated from sugarcane (182-Bacillus and 336-Pseudomonas) significantly improved survival rates of micropropagated seedlings during the acclimatisation stage. - Under different stress conditions, the 336-Pseudomonas strain improved the survival of micropropagated plants during the acclimatisation stage.","PeriodicalId":14618,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48471699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}