JCO oncology practice最新文献

{"title":"Real-World Tolerability of Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin in Patients in the United States With Localized Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Curative-Intent Treatment.","authors":"Veronica Mears, Nikolas Naleid, Omkar Pawar, Jennifer Eva Selfridge, Madison Conces, Melissa Lumish, David Bajor, Amit Mahipal, Sakti Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/OP-24-00647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The combination of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) is commonly used in patients with localized colorectal cancer (CRC) receiving curative-intent treatment. Our study aimed to assess the real-world tolerability of CAPOX in a single-institution cohort of patients with localized CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-institution retrospective study that included patients with localized CRC receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant CAPOX. The primary end point was completion rate of intended number (obtained by chart review) of CAPOX cycles irrespective of dose levels. Secondary outcome measures included the rate of grade ≥3 adverse events, hospital admission rate, and dose reductions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 153 patients with a median age of 61 years; 49% were female and 78.4% had stage III CRC. The proportion of patients (95% CI) who completed all planned CAPOX cycles was 44.4% (36 to 52) in the entire cohort and 34.6% (23 to 45) among female patients. Independent variables associated with treatment completion in multivariable analysis were race, sex, and intended number of cycles. Notably, the therapy completion rates (95% CI) were 55% (43 to 66) and 33% (20 to 45) in patients intended to receive four and eight cycles of CAPOX, respectively. The rate of grade ≥3 adverse events and hospitalization because of CAPOX-related toxicity were 30.7% (95% CI, 23 to 38) and 17.6% (95% CI, 11 to 23), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights that a substantial number of patients with localized CRC undergoing curative-intent treatment with CAPOX do not complete the planned cycles of chemotherapy because of toxicity. These findings underscore the need for careful patient selection and appropriate supportive care to optimize the therapeutic benefit of CAPOX in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"OP2400647"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors for Depression Among Patients With Sarcoma.","authors":"Michael J Robinson, Sang Minh Nguyen, Debra L Friedman, Emma A Schremp, Lucy L Wang, Scott C Borinstein, Elizabeth J Davis, Tuya Pal, Ben H Park, Xiao-Ou Shu","doi":"10.1200/OP.24.00163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/OP.24.00163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prevalence and risk factors for depression among patients with sarcoma and survivors of sarcoma are not well characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sarcoma survivorship cohort was constructed from patients diagnosed between April 2022 and September 2023. Depression symptoms were assessed via the eight-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-57 depression scale at enrollment. Standardized <i>T</i>-score levels (<50, 50-59, and ≥60) were calculated and evaluated in association with demographics, lifestyle characteristics, clinical data, and modifiable factors using multinomial logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 612 participants, the mean <i>T</i>-score was 48.3 (standard deviation, 10.0); 58.8% had a <i>T</i>-score <50, 27.9% scored between 50 and 59, and 13.2% scored ≥60. Participants age 18-39 years and age 40-59 years were more likely to have a <i>T</i>-score ≥60, with respective odds ratios (ORs) of 3.65 (95% CIs, 1.70 to 7.83) and 2.80 (1.52 to 5.17) compared with participants older than 60 years. Household incomes of $70,000-$120,000 in US dollars (USD) (OR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.92]) and >$120,000 USD (OR, 0.15 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.37]) were inversely associated with <i>T</i>-score ≥60 compared with household incomes <$45,000 USD. Marijuana use within the past 30 days was positively (OR, 3.48 [95% CI, 1.46 to 8.27]) associated, while regular exercise (OR, 0.43 [95% CI, 0.24 to 0.75]) and emotional support (OR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.28 to 0.48]) were inversely associated with having <i>T</i>-score ≥60.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A higher prevalence of depression symptoms was notable in younger participants, marijuana users, and households with lower incomes. Regular exercise and increased emotional support were inversely associated with depression symptoms. Our study provides information for developing personalized supportive care strategies to ameliorate depression symptoms among patients with sarcoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"OP2400163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions and Use of Germline Genetic Testing Among Patients With Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Laura B Beidler, Kimberly Zayhowski, Mary Nahorniak, Stephanie Loo, Gretchen A Gignac, Catharine Wang, Christine M Gunn","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/OP-24-00624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Many patients with prostate cancer are eligible for germline genetic testing, but it is underutilized in clinical practice. We aimed to explore perceptions of and decision making about undergoing genetic testing among patients with prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative interview study enrolled patients diagnosed with prostate cancer who had been treated at a safety-net hospital and had received a referral for genetic testing in the previous 12 months. Participants completed an interview in their native language via telephone. Data on genetic testing use were captured in interviews and via the medical record. A thematic analysis explored factors related to decision making in concert with genetic testing use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three English-speaking (n = 25), Spanish-speaking (n = 6), and Haitian Creole-speaking (n = 2) patients completed interviews. In interviews, 19 reported completing genetic testing, 10 reported no testing, and four were unsure. Medical records indicated 24 had undergone genetic testing-including six participants whose self-reported testing status was no or unsure. Four main themes identified factors that influenced participant-reported genetic testing decisions: gendered perceptions of value to family, personal utility of genetic results, preferences for information, and relative priority of testing. Many participants did not view testing as a priority and delayed or declined testing because of cancer treatment burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest opportunities to improve communication about testing purpose, value, and utility in those affected by cancer. Conversations about the utility of both the individual benefit of obtaining genetic testing for those affected by prostate cancer and implications for familial cascade testing are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"OP2400624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undisclosed Conflicts of Interest in Japanese Cancer Clinical Trials: A Cross-Sectional Study of Author-Pharmaceutical Industry Financial Relationships.","authors":"Hisanori Murasawa, Naoki Shin, Hikaru Miyata, Chihaya Saito, Tetsuya Tanimoto, Hiroaki Saito, Hayase Hakariya, Barbara Mintzes, Akihiko Ozaki","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/OP-24-00768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Conflicts of interest (COIs) in medical research can introduce biases affecting research integrity. This study investigated the scale and disclosure of COIs among Japanese authors of cancer clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-eight cancer randomized controlled trials from 2020, involving 226 Japanese authors, were systematically abstracted and analyzed. The financial relationships between these authors and pharmaceutical companies were examined using payment data from 56 companies for the years 2018-2019. COI statements were extracted from each publication, and COI declaration rates were calculated by comparing declared companies against those that reported payments. The analysis was conducted at both the author and article levels. For author-level analyses, the declaration rate was calculated per declaration rather than per author. For article-level analyses, payments were aggregated and attributed to their respective articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phase III trials comprised 82.8% (48/58) of the included studies. Of 226 authors, 202 (89.4%) were medical doctors and 208 (92.0%) received at least one payment. The median number of companies providing at least one payment per author was 9 (IQR, 4-12), with a median total payment of $19,183 US dollars (USD; IQR, $5,158-$62,534 USD). Among 280 unique disclosures from authors with payments, only 29 (10.4%) accurately reported COIs, whereas 80 (28.6%) reported no COIs. For 58 articles, only two (3.4%) accurately reported COIs, seven (12.1%) reported no COIs, and 49 (84.5%) partially disclosed COI information.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Japanese cancer clinical trial authors frequently received industry payments, yet their COI disclosures were often inadequate. This highlights the need for stricter guidelines and improved education on COI reporting in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"OP2400768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review and Practical Guide.","authors":"Vishnu Nagalapuram, Niveditha Popuri, Ryan D Nipp, Susanna V Ulahannan, Kelsey S Lau-Min","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/OP-24-00872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rising along with its mortality burden, and more than half of the patients require systemic therapy for advanced disease. There is an ongoing epidemiologic shift in risk factors for HCC from hepatotropic virus-related liver disease to alcohol and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Although a diagnosis of HCC can be made with noninvasive radiologic criteria, tissue biopsy is gaining a role, at least within the realm of clinical trials. Despite advances in targeted therapies, the role of molecular testing in HCC remains unclear. Liver function continues to play a vital role in the management of HCC across all stages. With the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting tumor angiogenesis, the treatment landscape of advanced HCC has evolved considerably in the past decade, leading to improvements in patient outcomes. However, optimal sequencing of these agents is not well defined. There are several ongoing trials evaluating systemic therapies with novel mechanisms of action including adoptive cell therapy. This review aims to provide practicing oncologists with a comprehensive overview of recent developments in systemic therapy for the management of advanced HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"OP2400872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stick With Intravenous or Give Subcutaneous a Shot? Time and Other Considerations When Evaluating Cancer Drug Formulations.","authors":"Arjun Gupta, Michelle Tregear, Makala B Pace, Rachel I Vogel","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00501","DOIUrl":"10.1200/OP-24-00501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Time and other considerations when evaluating a switch to newer drug formulations (eg, subQ vs IV).</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"267-269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Under-Representation and Under-Reporting of Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups in Clinical Trials on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.","authors":"Alfredo V Chua, Jennifer Delmerico, Haiyang Sheng, Xin-Wei Huang, Emily Liang, Li Yan, Shipra Gandhi, Igor Puzanov, Prantesh Jain, Lori C Sakoda, Gary R Morrow, Christine B Ambrosone, Charles Kamen, Song Yao","doi":"10.1200/OP.24.00033","DOIUrl":"10.1200/OP.24.00033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Minoritized racial/ethnic groups are historically under-represented in cancer clinical trials, which may be exacerbated in recent trials on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We examined the representation and reporting of the racial/ethnic composition of participants in clinical trials on ICIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined English full-text trials on ICIs published from 2007 to 2022. Information on trial characteristics and racial/ethnic composition of participants was extracted from published papers or ClinicalTrials.gov. Differences in participation by publication year, ICI agent, and cancer site were analyzed. Enrollment-incidence ratio (EIR) was calculated to compare the proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic group patients in US-based trials against age-adjusted cancer incidence data available for the US population. An EIR > 1 signified over-representation, whereas an EIR <1 signified under-representation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 471 trials examined, racial composition was unreported in 146 (31%), whereas Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity was unreported in 278 (59%). Only 30 (6%) trials reported race/ethnicity-specific results. In US-only trials (n = 174), White patients were over-represented (EIR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.17 to 1.22]), whereas Hispanic/Latinx patients were the most under-represented (EIR, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.24 to 0.48]), followed by Black/African American patients (EIR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.54 to 0.79]). Subgroup analyses consistently indicated over-representation of White patients across publication years (EIR, 1.19-1.24), ICI classes (EIR, 1.16-1.23), and cancer sites (EIR, 1.11-1.31), whereas Hispanic/Latinx patients were consistently under-represented. An upward trend of trial representation and reporting was observed for all minoritized racial/ethnic groups over time (trend <i>P</i> values ≤.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disparities in the representation and reporting of minoritized racial/ethnic groups persist in recent trials on ICIs, necessitating collaborative efforts for improved diversity and equitable cancer treatment access.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"408-417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11845527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guide to Understanding and Supporting International Medical Graduates in Hematology/Oncology by the ASCO International Medical Graduates Community of Practice.","authors":"Nazli Dizman, Ziad Bakouny, Tarek Haykal, Ivy Riano, Aakash Desai, Ayesha Butt, Arnab Basu, Dan Zhao, Eddy Saad, Renee Maria Saliby, Rohit Gosain, Rahul Gosain, Fatemeh Ardeshir, Lei Deng, Laurie Matt-Amaral, Konstantinos Arnaoutakis, Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Rami Manochakian, Ariela Marshall, Patrick Forde, Martina Murphy, Vivek Subbiah, Mariana Chavez-MacGregor, Taofeek K Owonikoko, Gilberto Lopes, Charu Aggarwal, Alfred I Lee, Toni K Choueiri","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00565","DOIUrl":"10.1200/OP-24-00565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>International medical graduates (IMGs) are an essential component of the oncology workforce in the United States, comprising a third of all practicing oncologists and almost half of hematology/oncology fellows. In this article, we discuss the contributions of IMGs in the US oncology workforce, review unique challenges faced by IMGs, and propose potential solutions to overcome these challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ASCO's IMG Community of Practice was established with the mission to connect, mentor, guide, raise awareness, and overcome the challenges unique to IMGs interested in pursuing medical oncology in the United States. The content of this article is based on discussions at the IMG Community of Practice meetings at ASCO's 2023 and 2024 Annual Meetings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IMGs bring an inherent diversity of thought and experience to the oncology workforce. They provide high-quality, culture- and language-concordant care to a diverse population of patients with cancer. However, IMGs in oncology face significant hardships throughout their careers, including visa-related restrictions, psychosocial and cultural struggles, as well as differential treatment while applying for residency and fellowship training, and early career positions. Greater awareness of these challenges among the members of the hematology/oncology community, along with institutional and individual efforts to support IMGs, is warranted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We encourage oncology professionals and institutions to join our efforts in recognizing the unique paths of IMGs and providing support and advocacy to maximize the potential of IMGs in the US oncology workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"292-299"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary Management of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer.","authors":"Erin Roesch, Amanda Maggiotto, Stephanie A Valente","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00453","DOIUrl":"10.1200/OP-24-00453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer during pregnancy is uncommon; however, it is one of the most common malignancies affecting pregnant women. Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is a complex entity characterized by unique risk factors, presentation, and pathology. Furthermore, although management generally aims to mirror that for nonpregnant patients, there are distinct aspects of oncologic care delivery specific to PABC. The focus is on optimizing maternal outcomes while maximizing maternal and fetal safety. A multidisciplinary approach is key, and the timing of various treatment modalities is critical. Postdelivery care and counseling are also imperative to address issues such as contraception, breastfeeding, and future fertility. In the present review, we discuss the current knowledge base and the diagnostic and treatment landscape for PABC, including recent literature and practice pattern updates.</p>","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"313-321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Importance of Identifying Physical Manifestations That Are Associated With Hereditary Cancer Predisposition: <i>AXIN2</i> Mutation in an African-American Patient.","authors":"William Fostier, Ari Horton, Ingrid Winship, Neil Rajan","doi":"10.1200/OP-24-00713","DOIUrl":"10.1200/OP-24-00713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14612,"journal":{"name":"JCO oncology practice","volume":" ","pages":"441"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}