JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes最新文献

{"title":"Brief Report: HIV Risk Perception and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Pregnant Women Offered Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis During Antenatal Care in Kenya.","authors":"Mary M Marwa, Anna Larsen, Felix Abuna, Julia Dettinger, Ben Odhiambo, Salphine Watoyi, Pascal Omondi, Nancy Ngumbau, Laurén Gómez, Grace John-Stewart, John Kinuthia, Jillian Pintye","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003641","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-perceived HIV risk influences pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, although few data on risk perception are available among pregnant women. We evaluated HIV risk perception and PrEP uptake among pregnant women in Kenya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a randomized trial evaluating universal versus risk-based PrEP delivery models at 20 antenatal clinics in Kenya (NCT03070600). Pregnant women enrolled were offered PrEP at any gestational age. A validated risk score for predicting HIV acquisition among perinatal women defined high HIV risk. HIV risk perception was assessed by asking \"What is your gut feeling about how likely you are to get infected with HIV?\" without a specified timeframe and dichotomized as low (\"extremely/very unlikely\") versus high (\"extremely/somewhat likely/very likely\"). All women in the universal PrEP offer arm were included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2250 pregnant women, the median age was 24 years (interquartile range 21-28), 81% were married, and 22% did not know their partner's HIV status. Overall, 27% of women had high HIV risk scores of whom 61% self-perceived high risk. Among women with high HIV risk scores (n = 617), 69% declined PrEP; those who self-perceived low risk were more likely to decline than those with high risk perception (82% vs. 60%, adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.35, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.55, P < 0.001). Declining PrEP was associated with late gestational age at PrEP offer and with monogamous marriage among women with high HIV risk scores ( P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Declining PrEP was common among pregnant women with high HIV risk, especially those who self-perceived low HIV risk. Refining risk perception may encourage PrEP uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":"116-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12265992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between HIV-Related Stigma, ART Adherence, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in People Living With HIV.","authors":"Patane S Shilabye, Karine Scheuermaier, Alinda G Vos-Seda, Roos E Barth, Walter Devillé, Roel A Coutinho, Chijioke N Umunnakwe, Diederick E Grobbee, Willem D F Venter, Hugo Tempelman, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003653","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>HIV/AIDS continues to be a significant health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, with stigma likely affecting ART adherence, and subsequently viremia, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated the association between stigma, ART adherence, and CVD risk among people living with HIV (PLWH).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A longitudinal study was conducted among 325 PLWH from the Ndlovu Cohort Study, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stigma was assessed using a 12-item questionnaire (range: 0-44; higher scores indicate greater stigma). Pulse wave velocity (PWV, CVD surrogate marker) and viral load (VL) were assessed at 12 and 36 months. VL was considered a surrogate marker of ART adherence: VL > 1000 copies indicating poor/no adherence, VL 50-1000 copies suboptimal, and VL < 50 copies good adherence. The relationship between stigma, VL, and PWV was assessed by linear regression and changes in PWV overtime by mixed linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, PLWH (n = 325, mean age (SD) = 41.1 (10.2) years, 67% female) had mean PWV of 7.3 min/s. Good, suboptimal, and poor adherence were 78%, 15%, and 7%, respectively. The mean (SD) stigma score was 16.9 (1.4) and was not associated with VL and PWV. Suboptimal and poor adherence were associated with higher PWV [beta = 4.18 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.79 to 6.57)] at 12 months and between 12 and 36 months [beta = 1.30 (95% CI: 0.06 to 2.55)] in mixed model analyses in PLWH older than 49 years, respectively. PWV increased by 0.21 min/s (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.40; P = 0.03) between 12 and 36 months overall.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, poor ART adherence was associated with higher PWV. The stigma score was low and not associated with ART adherence and PWV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":"107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes After Prenatal Exposure to Raltegravir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Multicohort European Study.","authors":"Rebecca Sconza, Georgina Fernandes, Heather Bailey, Helen Peters, Luis Manuel Prieto Tato, Marta Illán Ramos, Karoline Aebi-Popp, Christian Kahlert, Anna Maria Gamell, Antoinette Frick, Luminita Ene, Anna Samarina, Claire Thorne","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003645","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Raltegravir is an HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitor recommended for use in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess risk of birth defects and other suboptimal outcomes after prenatal exposure to raltegravir.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used pooled, prospectively collected individual patient data from studies in the European Pregnancy and Paediatric Infections Cohort Collaboration. Pregnancies with any prenatal exposure to raltegravir with outcomes in 2008-2020 were included. Birth defects were classified according to World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases and EUROCAT criteria. Earliest prenatal exposure timing was classified as periconception [exposure at ≤6 completed gestational weeks (GWs)], later first trimester (T1) (exposure in T1 at >6 completed GWs), and second/third trimester (exposure at >12 completed GWs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1499 pregnancies across 9 cohorts were included. Where timing was available (n = 1449), earliest raltegravir exposure was in the periconception period for 505 (34.8%), later T1 in 65 (4.5%), and T2/T3 in 879 (60.7%). The overall prevalence of birth defects among live-born infants with prenatal raltegravir exposure was 3.9% (95% confidence interval: 2.9, 5.0) (1443/1466) (International Classification of Diseases), with no increased risk observed for those exposed in the periconception period ( P = 0.290). Among singleton live-born infants, 11.9% (160/1346) were born preterm, 11.3% (148/1307) low birthweight, and 8.6% (111/1291) small for gestational age, with no difference in outcomes observed by timing of raltegravir exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings add to the evidence base around safety of raltegravir use in pregnancy, although ongoing safety monitoring is needed to rule out risk of rare outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":"158-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Report: Behavioral Readiness for Daily Oral PrEP in a Diverse Sample of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Have Not Been Offered PrEP by a Provider.","authors":"Krishna Kiran Kota, Gordon Mansergh, Neal Carnes, Deborah Gelaude","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003650","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) remains suboptimal. Assessing behavioral readiness for PrEP use among GBMSM who can benefit and offering PrEP may increase uptake among GBMSM. We measured 4-item readiness for taking PrEP among GBMSM who have not been offered PrEP by a provider.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>GBMSM in Atlanta, Chicago, and Raleigh-Durham reporting recent condomless anal sex were assessed for \"readiness\" to discuss PrEP with a provider, test for HIV, take a daily pill, attend provider appointments, and a 4-component composite score for PrEP readiness. χ 2 tests and multivariable logistic regression were applied to examine factors associated with readiness to use PrEP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study sample (n = 187) was 51% Black/African American, 15% Hispanic/Latino, 30% identified as bisexual or straight or other, and 29% had no health insurance. In total, 55% said they were ready to discuss PrEP with a provider, 88% were ready to get an HIV test, 45% were ready to take a daily pill, 48% were ready to attend appointments, and 37% reported overall PrEP readiness. Having no health insurance was associated with readiness for a daily pill [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.78, confidence interval (CI) = 1.34-5.78] and 4-item PrEP readiness (AOR = 2.34, CI = 1.13-4.85). Self-identification as gay (vs bisexual/straight) was associated with readiness to discuss PrEP (AOR = 2.14, CI = 1.05-4.36).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only 37% of GBMSM with recent condomless anal sex were ready for PrEP based on the 4-item readiness. Readiness may differ based on sexual identity, insurance status, and other characteristics. Efforts are needed to increase readiness across behavioral components of PrEP use.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":"123-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143407833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building the Road to End the HIV Epidemic Through Coordinating and Capacity-Building Hubs to Enhance the Science of HIV Implementation REsearch (CHESHIRE): Reflections and Directions: Erratum.","authors":"Debbie L Humphries, Carolyn M Audet, Bijal A Balasubramanian, Nanette Benbow, Christopher G Kemp, Robin Gaines Lanzi, Sung-Jae Lee, Hannah Mestel, Alexandra B Morshed, Brian Mustanski, April Pettit, Borsika A Rabin, Olivia Sadler, Alison B Hamilton, Mary-Louise E Millett, Sheree Schwartz, Kenneth Sherr, Nicole A Stadnick, Dennis H Li","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003684","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003684","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":"99 2","pages":"221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Depression at HIV PrEP Initiation on Sustained PrEP Care Engagement Among US Gay and Bisexual Men.","authors":"Udodirim N Onwubiko, David Benkeser, David P Holland, Stefan D Baral, Julia L Marcus, Kenneth H Mayer, Brian Herrick, Pranay Sinha, Allison T Chamberlain, Samuel M Jenness","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003698","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV depends on consistent use, particularly during periods of increased risk. Depression, which disproportionately affects gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), may hinder sustained PrEP engagement. This study examines how depression impacts consistent PrEP use among GBMSM in the first 18 months after initiating oral PrEP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed electronic health records for adult GBMSM prescribed oral PrEP between January 2015 and February 2022 at three clinics in Boston, MA. Participants were followed for 18 months after initial prescriptions, tracking three outcomes: temporary prescription gaps (interruptions in received prescriptions), dropping out of current PrEP care (cessation of prescriptions) and HIV seroconversion. Associations between baseline depression diagnosis and these outcomes were estimated using subdistribution and cause-specific Cox proportional hazards regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 8,077 GBMSM prescribed oral PrEP, 19% had a baseline depression diagnosis. Of these, 41% experienced gaps, 38% dropped out, and 0.4% seroconverted without a prior gap. Depression was modestly associated with higher rates of PrEP disruptions (Prescription gaps: Adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.10 [95% CI: 1.00, 1.20]; Dropping out: aHR 1.16 [95% CI: 1.05, 1.28]) after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, urbanicity, high-risk sexual behavior, poverty, and bacterial STI diagnoses. However, it did not significantly impact the cumulative incidence of PrEP interruptions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although depression's impact on PrEP use was modest, integrating mental health care into PrEP programs remains essential for improving engagement and supporting sustained use among GBMSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13108327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Out-of-pocket costs for PrEP ancillary services among U.S. commercially insured persons, 2017-2022.","authors":"Ya-Lin A Huang, Rupa R Patel, Laura M Mann, Weiming Zhu, Amy Killelea, Karen W Hoover","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000003695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We assessed annual out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)-related services among commercially insured individuals in the U.S. before and after the Affordable Care Act (ACA) mandated no cost-sharing in 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from a large commercial database, we identified persons aged ≥18 years who were prescribed PrEP from 2017-2022. Medical claims for PrEP-related services submitted within one week before each PrEP prescription were extracted using CPT codes. For each service, we calculated the annual proportion of persons incurring OOP costs and associated annual amounts, adjusted to 2022 U.S. dollars. We assessed trends in the proportion of persons with OOP costs for each service from 2019-2022. We also examined the association between OOP cost occurrence and patient demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 141,300 PrEP users, we observed decreasing trends in the proportion incurring OOP costs for PrEP ancillary services over the study period. In 2022, OOP costs were incurred by 65.6% for provider visits, 14.3% for HIV testing, and 32.5% for creatinine testing, with mean OOP costs of $54.18, $26.06, and $6.07, respectively. Rural users were more likely to incur costs than urban users.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite ACA mandates, many persons received cost-sharing bills for PrEP services. Standardized billing and coding, along with enhanced monitoring and enforcement, could help protect access to evidence-based preventive care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between changes in script renewal periods and HIV viral non-suppression: a cohort study of a South African private-sector HIV program.","authors":"Gabriela Patten, Andreas D Haas, Mary-Ann Davies, Gary Maartens, Chido Chinogurei, Naomi Folb, Reshma Kassanjee","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003697","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evidence is needed to inform differentiated service delivery models for people with HIV (PWH). During the COVID-19 pandemic, South Africa temporarily changed the validity of repeat prescriptions for ART from 6 to 12 months. We evaluated the association between these changes and HIV viral non-suppression in the private health sector.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed routine claims data from a large private-sector HIV management programme. PWH aged >15 years from 4 months after first ART evidence were included. We conducted an interrupted time-series analysis comparing trends in the proportions of PWH with viral non-suppression (viral load ≥50 copies/mL) during three periods: January 1, 2019 to April 23, 2020 (conventional 6-monthly script renewal); April 24, 2020 to September 25, 2021 (12-monthly renewal); and September 26, 2021 to November 30, 2022 (6-monthly renewal re-instated). We used weighting to maintain the age, sex, ART regimen and medical scheme distributions of our study population over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Monthly odds of viral non-suppression initially decreased by 4% per annum (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93-0.99). During 12-monthly renewal, there were steeper declines of 11% per annum (aOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.87-0.91). After 6-monthly renewal was re-introduced, viral non-suppression instead increased by 6% per annum (aOR 1.06 95% CI 1.03-1.09). Changes in slopes were significant (p-values <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Measures implemented during COVID-19 to ensure continued access to chronic medication provided unique evidence for models involving less frequent clinical visits. Extending prescription renewal periods was not associated with worse virologic outcomes among privately-insured PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12309671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Mutations in gp41 in Clinical Samples.","authors":"Hanwei Sudderuddin, Zhong Dang, Birgit Watson, Kieran Atkinson, Anh Le, Paul Sereda, Zabrina L Brumme, Chanson J Brumme","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000003694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mutations conferring resistance to HIV Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTI) can occur outside integrase, including in env gp41, in vitro, but it remains unclear whether these arise under INSTI selection in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a large database of clinically-derived HIV sequences linked to antiretroviral treatment histories, we sought to identify mutations in gp41 associated with INSTI exposure by comparing integrase and gp41 amino acid frequencies in INSTI-naïve versus INSTI-treated individuals. Gp41 was investigated because this region is routinely sequenced to assess fusion inhibitor resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 72 individuals with subtype B HIV for whom a genotypic INSTI resistance test performed after ≥3 months of INSTI exposure revealed susceptibility to all INSTIs (HIVdb v8.8; score<15), and for whom plasma INSTI concentrations were detectable by mass spectrometry. Gp41 sequencing was successful for 52 (72%) of these. The median INSTI exposure duration in this group was 20 (Q1-Q3:10-39) months, with raltegravir (>54%), dolutegravir (52%) and elvitegravir (23%) being the most frequently prescribed. Comparison of gp41 amino acid frequencies between this group and a comparison group of 1221 gp41 sequences from INSTI- naïve individuals using Fisher's exact test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons identified the gp41 substitution V182I (OR=3.75, p=2.2x10-4, q=0.01) as over-represented among INSTI-treated persons. When comparing gp41 sequences pre- and post-INSTI therapy in this group however, no evidence of INSTI-driven selection was observed at this position.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While off-target INSTI substitutions may arise in vivo, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend expanding INSTI resistance testing to include Env.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccine effectiveness against anal HPV infection among men with HIV who have sex with men attending sexual health clinics in three United States cities, 2018-2023.","authors":"Carla L DeSisto, Damilola Dada, Preeti Pathela, Rachel L Winer, Lenore Asbel, Troy D Querec, John Lin, Jennifer Tang, Alfred Iqbal, Elissa Meites, Elizabeth R Unger, Lauri E Markowitz","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003691","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV are disproportionately affected by human papillomavirus (HPV) and related diseases. We assessed HPV vaccine effectiveness (VE) against anal HPV among MSM with HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During 2018-2023, residual anal specimens from MSM with HIV, aged 18-45 years, attending sexual health clinics in three U.S. cities were collected and tested for HPV. Demographic and vaccination information were obtained from clinic records or immunization registries. Timing of vaccination relative to HIV acquisition was unknown. Log-binomial regression was used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between vaccination (≥1 dose) and quadrivalent vaccine (4vHPV)-type infection, adjusting for city. Models were stratified by age group (18-26, 27-45 years). VE was calculated as (1-aPR) x 100.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 224 persons aged 18-26 years, 54% were vaccinated. Compared with unvaccinated persons, 4vHPV-type prevalence was lower in those vaccinated at age <18 (aPR=0.31, 95% CI:0.14-0.72, VE=69%) and ≥2 years before specimen collection (aPR=0.54, 95% CI:0.31-0.92, VE=46%). Among 700 persons aged 27-45 years, 17% were vaccinated. Compared with unvaccinated persons, 4vHPV-type prevalence was lower in those vaccinated at ages 18-26 (aPR=0.63, 95% CI:0.45-0.89, VE=37%) and ≥2 years before specimen collection (aPR=0.63, 95% CI:0.46-0.86, VE=37%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While timing of vaccination relative to HIV acquisition was unknown, we found significant VE against prevalent HPV infection in adult MSM with HIV. Within each age group, VE was higher with younger age at vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":14588,"journal":{"name":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13334512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}