2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium最新文献

{"title":"Design of a small-scale biodiesel production system","authors":"J. Anderson, J. Cáceres, A. Khazaei, J. Shirey","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549517","url":null,"abstract":"The city of Fredericksburg is located in central Virginia and is home to 592 farms covering 16% of the total land area. Farms in this region have experienced declining profits from an average of $555 per farm in 1997 to -$14,931 per farm in 2007. One of the ways to reduce operating costs and return to profitability is to significantly reduce diesel costs. An alternative to purchasing diesel is to produce biodiesel from vegetable oil extracted from crops grown on the farm and sell the excess biodiesel that is not used. The goal of this paper is to design the process and evaluate the financial feasibility of converting farm crops into biodiesel using a small-scale biodiesel production facility on a farm. Five crops were selected as design alternatives based on regional availability, productivity, and cost criteria: Canola, Corn, Peanut, Soybean, and Sunflower. These alternatives were evaluated using two Monte Carlo models: (1) a Biodiesel Production Model to simulate the amount of biodiesel and other byproducts produced and (2) a Business Model to simulate the net present value of each alternative after 15 years. The biodiesel production model inputs are: (i) expected crop yield, (ii) oil content percentage, and (iii) oil press efficiency percentage. The outputs of this model are: (i) biodiesel yield, (ii) meal yield, (iii) glycerin yield, and (iv) net energy ratio; each of the yield outputs is an input for the financial model. Other inputs for the financial model include meal revenue, equipment costs, chemical expenses, planting and harvesting costs, lost profit cost, and biodiesel sales. The output is the net present value of each crop alternative at the end of 15 years. Utility of each crop alternative from first to last is as follows: Peanut (1.0), Sunflower (0.68), Canola (0.55), Soybean (0.52), and Corn (0.45). Plotting utility against net present value shows that Canola is the most cost-effective alternative and the recommended crop type.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116414552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redesigning clinic workflows for electronic medical record integration","authors":"M. Brindisi, R. Bui, J. Mazo, Z. Y. Ong, S. V. van Vleet, R. Bailey","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549507","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic medical records (EMR) play a critical role in modern healthcare infrastructure, serving as the fundamental source of patient medical data. These medical records can function variously as a comprehensive record of past visits, a tool to aid physicians' diagnoses, a system to manage operational details during a patient visit, and an effective and accurate billing mechanism for insurance plans. In 2010, the University of Virginia (U.Va.) Medical Center adopted EpicCare EMR across its hospital and one-hundred and seventy-two ambulatory clinics to deliver higher quality patient care. With a focus on three U.Va. Orthopedics division clinics, this project seeks to characterize the current workflows involving EpicCare, identify opportunities for improvement, and evaluate and recommend a strategy for improving clinic operations. The iterative approach encompassed observations in each target clinic, discussions with employees and administration, and visualizations of the workflows for each clinic. Observation results were synthesized into findings, and related back to defined core objectives. Workflow variance, both within and among clinics, was analyzed to ultimately determine the best method to complete tasks common to all clinics. These tasks were further examined to determine if variability could be changed, whether this change could be beneficial, and the root cause of the variability. Alternatives for mitigating variability and improving the employee workflow across all clinics within U.Va. Orthopedics were generated, addressing each task with specific, tailored solutions. These alternatives can be evaluated according to identified metrics, based on feasibility and projected benefit.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131818819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting and mitigating driver distraction with motion capture technology: Distracted driving warning system","authors":"S. L. Gallahan, G. F. Golzar, A. P. Jain, A. Samay, T. J. Trerotola, J. G. Weisskopf, N. Lau","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549497","url":null,"abstract":"Distracted driving contributes to a significant portion of vehicle accidents and deaths. To mitigate distracted driving, the University of Virginia Center to Promote Effective Youth Development sponsored the development of a noninvasive system to detect and warn drivers of their distraction. This distracted driving warning system is installed in the medium-fidelity driving simulator of the Virginia Driving Safety Laboratory (VDSL). The system is composed of (i) the Microsoft Kinect motion sensing hardware for tracking head and skeletal movements and (ii) a custom software application for identifying four distractions and outputting audio alerts. The system is able to identify (a) reaching for a moving object, (b) talking on a cell phone, (c) personal hygiene, and (d) looking at an external object. To recognize these distractions, the algorithms for (a), (b), and (c) use the relative distances between spatial locations of various skeletal joints, and the algorithm for (d) use the yaw, pitch and roll of the head. The system deems the driver distracted if any of these gestures are sustained for more than two seconds. When the driver is deemed distracted, the system produces audio signals that increase in frequency as the time of the distraction increases, alerting the drivers of their distraction. The distracted driving warning system is tested with three participants performing distracted behaviors while driving the VDSL simulator. The system correctly identifies (a) at 100%, (b) at 33%, (c) at 50%, and (d) at 66%. These success rates show the feasibility of employing the Kinect to identify driver distraction. However, the system can improve with refining motion capture and eye tracking technology for some complex distraction behaviors. The application of commercially available motion capture technology appears promising for studying and monitoring driver behavior related to distraction.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131701733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk modeling to detect weapon production in biological laboratories","authors":"D. Collier, D. Edwards, D. Granados, A. J. Noh, J. Lark","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549510","url":null,"abstract":"The 2001 United States anthrax attacks raise issues regarding U.S. national security. These attacks bring into question the risk of biological laboratory misuse. This capstone project developed a model that determines whether a given facility could be involved in the production of a biological weapon. The proposed model centers around five laboratory factors that comprehensively evaluate a laboratory and provide insight concerning potential resource exploitation. These factors include materials in the lab, equipment in the lab, electricity usage, abnormal contents in wastewater, and background of laboratory personnel. Each of these factors has an individual model that detects suspicious behavior. A final model combines the results of the individual models above to produce an overall evaluation of the laboratory's threat level.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130434043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a distributable stereo hearing test package","authors":"B. D. Allen, T. Battu, S. Ganev, L. Gray, B. Harwell, B. Kesser, M. A. Kessler, B. Lancaster, R. Nagel, J. Smith","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549520","url":null,"abstract":"The localization and identification of sounds in background noise are such important auditory processing skills that a significant amount of incompetency may lead to various confusions and learning delays. Through a partnership with James Madison University and the University of Virginia, a unique opportunity exists to test patients before and after a corrected maximal conductive hearing loss in one ear. Patients with congenital aural atresia come to the University of Virginia for surgery that will give them normal hearing. Insurance pays for a pure tone threshold hearing test one month after surgery, but due to cost restrictions, longitudinal follow-up testing is often not performed. However, longitudinal data from follow-up studies is essential for understanding the effectiveness of the surgery. This paper focuses on the design, construction, and testing of a prototype shippable hearing test system for client use and patient testing. The system tests two binaural hearing abilities-the ability to isolate a spatially separated signal from noise and the ability to localize the source of a sound. This work has been performed as a partnership between the Department of Engineering and the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at James Madison University. The student team consists of two juniors and four seniors working on their two-year engineering capstone project in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University, as well as a senior studying Audiology & Speech Pathology working on her Honors thesis. This project has followed an engineering design process beginning with collecting customer needs and understanding required specifications and ending with prototype testing and refinement. Validation testing of the prototype testing system was performed with listeners with both normal hearing and with unilateral hearing loss. In initial testing, the RMS localization errors were measured from 19 control listeners with normal hearing and four with complete unilateral hearing loss. There was a significant difference between those listeners with one good ear versus those with two good ears (p=.01, Cohen's D > 1 or `large' effect size). These results provide promise as to the effectiveness of the designed testing package.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121147137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a spatially aware and autonomous quadcopter","authors":"M. Y. Chen, D. H. Edwards, E. L. Boehmer, N. M. Eller, J. T. Slack, C. R. Speck, Sarah M. Brown, H. G. Williams, S. Wilson, C. Gillum, G. Lewin, M. Sherriff, G. Garner","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549521","url":null,"abstract":"The United States creates or acquires increasingly more complex intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems to maintain a strong, leading presence within the world. As a result, ISR systems have become more costly and difficult to manage. The research team focused on continuing previous year efforts of another team to utilize commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies in the development of more flexible and cost-effective ISR systems. The primary goal was to design and implement an autonomous quadcopter that integrated an Android smartphone, an Arduino microcontroller, and several ultrasonic sensors to independently explore and map an unknown area. The project was broken down into three main tasks: construction of the quadcopter and integration of ultrasonic sensors, Android phone, and Arduino microcontroller, development of an Android application that generates navigation commands and avoids collisions, and development of an Android application that uses sensor data for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). This project, a proof-of-concept of a quadcopter system for autonomous navigation and mapping of an unknown environment, demonstrates the feasibility of developing inexpensive ISR systems with commercially available products. The team also found that the Arduino-Android interface was quite complex and caused issues with basic flight stability. The team also found that ultrasonic sensors were capable of partial SLAM by producing rudimentary maps under controlled conditions and simulated stable flight. However, the inexpensive sensors are unlikely to yield the detailed maps necessary for autonomous flight or actionable navigation information.","PeriodicalId":145808,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133091510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}