{"title":"Clustering techniques for data network planning in Smart Grids","authors":"Ladislav Vrbsky, M. Silva, D. Cardoso, C. Francês","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000059","url":null,"abstract":"Smart Grid, a modern approach to electricity distribution, requires innovation on various fronts. Communication is a key component of Smart Grid applicability. To satisfy Quality of Service (QoS) needs when deciding on network structure and topology, especially in urban areas, artificial intelligence techniques may be applied. Techniques such as clustering methods or genetic algorithms are useful to resolve this optimization problem. Choice of network topology for a specific electrical grid is also important. This choice influences the resulting QoS and network implementation price. This paper uses graph theory formulation to create a model. This model is designed to optimize topology of data network while accounting for delay constrains. Since this problem belongs to class NP-hard, this paper indicates appropriate clustering methods that best suit a given Smart Grid scenario in terms of QoS. A typical wireless network planning scenario of electric energy distribution is used as a case study. Each resulting cluster will contain a base station to attend the needs of Smart Grid Intelligent electronic devices in its cluster area. The algorithms K-medoids and K-means had the best performance with K-medoids bringing financial benefits regarding base station deployment.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114795742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Ichalal, N. A. Oufroukh, P. Damon, Hichem Arioui, S. Mammar
{"title":"PI observer robust fault estimation for motorcycle lateral dynamics","authors":"D. Ichalal, N. A. Oufroukh, P. Damon, Hichem Arioui, S. Mammar","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000079","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is devoted to the robust fault detection and estimation for the lateral dynamics of a motorcycle. The later is modelled using an uncertain switched system formalism. A switched proportional integral observer is designed in order to minimize the effect of the disturbance and uncertainties on residual sensitivity. It consists in the design of proportional integral observer which minimizes the well-known H∞ norm and ensures Input-to-State-Stability (ISS). The problem is formulated as a linear matrix inequalities (LMI) feasibility problem in which a cost function is minimized subject to LMI constraints. Various estimation problems are considered including state estimation, unknown input estimation and non-linear dynamics behaviour estimation which is considered as a fault input. A set of simulation studies are provided in order to establish the validity of the approach which allows sensor less implementation of driving assistance systems for motorcycles.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128505150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. K. Gopalakrishna, T. Ozcelebi, J. Lukkien, A. Liotta
{"title":"Evaluating machine learning algorithms for applications with humans in the loop","authors":"A. K. Gopalakrishna, T. Ozcelebi, J. Lukkien, A. Liotta","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000136","url":null,"abstract":"Applications employing data classification such as smart lighting that involve human factors such as perception lead to non-deterministic input-output relationships where more than one output may be acceptable for a given input. For these so called non-deterministic multiple output classification (nDMOC) problems, the relationship between the input and output may change over time making it difficult for the machine learning (ML) algorithms in a batch setting to make predictions for a given context. In this paper, we describe the nature of nDMOC problems and discuss the Relevance Score (RS) that is suitable in this context as a performance metric. RS determines the extent by which a predicted output is relevant to the user's context and behaviors, taking into account the inconsistencies that come with human (perception) factors. We tailor the RS metric so that it can be used to evaluate ML algorithms in an online setting at run-time. We assess the performance of a number of ML algorithms, using a smart lighting dataset with non-deterministic one-to-many input-output relationships. The results indicate that using RS instead of classification accuracy (CA) is suitable to analyze the performance of conventional ML algorithms applied to the category of nDMOC problems. Instance-based online ML gives the best RS performance. An interesting finding is that the RS keeps increasing with increasing number of samples, even after the CA performance converges.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127414377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. D. Martino, A. Esposito, Salvatore Augusto Maisto, Stefania Nacchia
{"title":"A semantic IoT framework to support RESTful devices' API interoperability","authors":"B. D. Martino, A. Esposito, Salvatore Augusto Maisto, Stefania Nacchia","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000071","url":null,"abstract":"With the diffusion of sensors and smart devices, and the advances in connection technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become a very popular topic. Because of the creation and expansion of new and existing sensor networks, the need to define a common standard for sensors' interfaces representation has arisen. Currently it is difficult to make different sensors and sensors' networks interoperate seamlessly, since their interfaces are not always well specified or are not ready to be adapted immediately to one another. In order to overcome the current lack of a shared standard, in this paper we propose an IoT framework which, by analysing sensors' APIs RESTful descriptions and the interfaces exposed by smart-sensors, tries to integrate different sensors' interfaces into a common Aggregator. Such an Aggregator relies on wrappers and adapters, either automatically built or provided by experts, to make programming and using sensors from different providers completely opaque to the users, who only sees a set of general and abstract functions available. Semantic technologies and matching algorithms are used to support the creation of such wrappers and to easily discover and categorize new sensor types.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115875960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feature selection for flow-based intrusion detection using Rough Set Theory","authors":"Frank Beer, Ulrich Bühler","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000162","url":null,"abstract":"The flow standards NetFlow/IPFIX are available in many packet forwarding devices permitting to monitor networks in a scalable fashion. Based on these potentials, flow-based intrusion detection became more pronounced as it can be seamlessly integrated with respect to operational aspects. Exploiting these flow exporting techniques, recent years revealed promising research results, but mainly focusing on point solutions such as botnet or brute-force detection. Only few attempts tried to endeavor a general flow-based intrusion detector, and thus little is known about meaningful flow features and their ability to classify various attack types efficiently. In this paper, we work towards these challenges and seek for valuable features derivable from NetFlow/IPFIX data using Rough Set Theory. Moreover, the combination of flow features and log events is studied to further boost accuracy. Employing Machine Learning techniques, results show the obtained feature sets detect classic and modern attacks.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124450496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart office lighting control using occupancy sensors","authors":"Xin Wang, T. Tjalkens, J. Linnartz","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000135","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, despite the use of efficient LED lighting, lighting consumes a considerable amount of energy. To reduce the energy consumption, many office lighting systems are equipped with occupancy sensors. Since these sensors have a limited reliability in detecting presence, usually very conservative strategies are used such as keeping the lights on for fifteen minutes after the last detected presence. In this paper, we propose a novel lighting control strategy for an office that considers the sensor output as a noisy observation of the real occupancy status. Simulation results show that compared with conventional “on/off” strategy, it saves more energy.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122263462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linglin Zhang, Jianqiang Li, Yi Zhang, Hern-soo Han, Bo Liu, Jijiang Yang, Qing Wang
{"title":"Automatic cataract detection and grading using Deep Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"Linglin Zhang, Jianqiang Li, Yi Zhang, Hern-soo Han, Bo Liu, Jijiang Yang, Qing Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000068","url":null,"abstract":"Cataract is one of the most prevalent causes of blindness in the industrialized world, accounting for more than 50% of blindness. Early detection and treatment can reduce the suffering of cataract patients and prevent visual impairment from turning into blindness. But the expertise of trained eye specialists is necessary for clinical cataract detection and grading, which may cause difficulties to everybody's early intervention due to the underlying costs. Existing studies on automatic cataract detection and grading based on fundus images utilize a predefined set of image features that may provide an incomplete, redundant, or even noisy representation. This paper aims to investigate the performance and efficiency by using Depp Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) to detect and grad cataract automatically, it also visualize some of the feature maps at pool5 layer with their high-order empirical semantic meaning, providing a explanation to the feature representation extracted by DCNN. The proposed DCNN classification system is cross validated on different number of population-based clinical retinal fundus images collected from hospital, up to 5620 images. There are two conclusions suggested in this paper: The first one is, the interference of local uneven illumination and the reflection of eyes were overcome by using the retinal fundus images after G-filter, which makes an significant contribution to DCNN classification. The second one is, with the increase of the amount of available samples, the DCNN classification accuracies are increasing, and the fluctuation range of accuracies are more stable. The best accuracy, our method achieved, is 93.52% and 86.69% in cataract detection and grading tasks separately. It is demonstrated in this paper that the DCNN classifier outperforms state-of-the-art in the performance. Further more, The proposed method has the potential to be applied to other eye diseases in future.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127303063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Zhu, Yuandou Wang, Wanbo Zheng, Lei Wu, Ye Yuan, Peng Chen, Yunni Xia
{"title":"Percentile performance analysis of infrastructure-as-a-service clouds with task retrials","authors":"Li Zhu, Yuandou Wang, Wanbo Zheng, Lei Wu, Ye Yuan, Peng Chen, Yunni Xia","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000103","url":null,"abstract":"Performance evaluation of cloud infrastructures and cloud-based applications is required to evaluate and quantify the cost-benefit of a strategy portfolio and the quality of service (QoS) experienced by end-users. For this purpose, we introduce an analytical framework to percentile-based performance analysis of unreliable Infrastructure-as-a-Service clouds with faulty and retrial tasks. The performance measured in a certain level percentile of the instantiation time predicted given variable load intensities, fault frequencies, multiplexing abilities, and instantiation processing delays. A case study based on a real-world campus cloud is carried out to show the correctness of the proposed theoretical model.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132604180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Input variables selection criteria for data-driven Soft Sensors design","authors":"M. Xibilia, N. Gemelli, G. Consolo","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000119","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the design of a Soft Sensor to estimate the sulphur concentration in a desulphuring unit of a refinery operating in Sicily is described. In particular the problem of the input variables selection is addressed by comparing two different methods. The first method is based on the generalization of the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithm to nonlinear models implemented by using Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural networks. The second one is based on the Lipschitz's quotient analysis. A comparison between the performance and the computational complexity exhibited by the two methods is discussed. The results show that the LASSO-MLP algorithm allows to construct a model with a low number of input variables, thus reducing computational complexity and measuring costs.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129778357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retrofit of air conditioning systems through an Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network: An IoT-based application for smart buildings","authors":"Bruno Eduardo Medina, Leandro Tiago Manera","doi":"10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000066","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the usage of Internet of Things concept as a tool for retrofitting air conditioning systems. The proposed technology consists in an embedded system developed with an open-source hardware platform and connected through a wireless sensor and actuator mesh network. By learning commands from the air conditioner's remote control, the system is capable of implementing automatic control of the air conditioner equipment. Through a central command unit, it is possible to configure timers to turn on and off all devices connected to the network. The system also adds intelligence to conventional equipment by making use of a motion sensor, avoiding electricity waste. An automatic temperature control is implemented through sensors that monitor external conditions. By making use of a mesh network based on DigiMesh protocol, each device acts like a router, increasing network range and making it easier to add or remove new devices. The proposed system was validated through case study.","PeriodicalId":145129,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131172806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}