Iranian Journal of Radiation Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the radioprotective effect of arbutin on mice exposed to megavoltage X-rays based on hematological parameters and lymphocytes micronucleus assay","authors":"S. Nadi, A. Banaei, H. Mozdarani, A. Monfared, G. Ataei, R. Abedi-Firouzjah","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.2.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.2.275","url":null,"abstract":"Background: X-irradiations induce damages to the hematopoietic system by reducing the production of blood cells in bone marrow. In this study, the radioprotective effect of arbutin was investigated in megavoltage x-irradiated mice by measuring changes in hematological parameters and lymphocyte cells with micronucleus assay. Material and Methods: Sixty NMRI mice were irradiated with 6 MV photon beam (2 and 4 Gy in one fraction). Various concentrations of arbutin (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneal, 2 hours before whole body X-irradiation. Samples of peripheral blood cells were collected from the left ventricle. The frequency of micronuclei in 1000 cells were measured for each sample and level of peripheral blood cells were analyzed. The data were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD test. Results: X-radiations significantly decreased the hematological parameters such as white blood cells (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM), red blood cells (RBC) counts, and hemoglobin (HGB) levels compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The frequency of micronuclei in “2 and 4 Gy X-irradiation + distilled water” groups was significantly higher than “2 and 4 Gy irradiation + 50 mg/kg arbutin”, “2 and 4 Gy irradiation + 100 mg/ kg arbutin”, and “2 and 4 Gy irradiation + 200 mg/kg arbutin” groups, followed by the above-mentioned blood cell parameters were dropped remarkably. Conclusion: The present investigation showed that arbutin is a strong radioprotector. There were not any significant differences between the various concentrations of arbutin, however, the concentration of 50 mg/kg showed higher radioprotective effect.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44936677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chest high-resolution computed tomography imaging findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia","authors":"X. He, J. Zheng, J. Ren, G. Zheng, Lei Liu","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.2.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.2.343","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We aimed to investgate the chest high-resoluton computed tomography (HRCT) imaging manifestatons of patents with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Materials and Methods: Chest HRCT images of 12 patents who were diagnosed as COVID-19 pneumonia in our insttute from January 28, 2020 to February 16, 2020 were retrospectvely reviewed. Results: The most typical HRCT findings were bilateral pulmonary parenchymal ground-glass opacites, with or without consolidaton in the lung periphery, and sometmes also showed a rounded morphology. Three (25%) patents had typical crazy paving signs, 3 (25%) patents showed air bronchogram, 2 (16.67%) patents with bronchial wall thickening signs, and 5 (41.67%) patents had vascular perforator signs. Only one (8.33%) patent had unilateral involvement in the left upper lobe. Lung cavitaton, pleural effusions and intrathoracic lymph node enlargement were not found in all patents. The severity of the lesions in the right lung, and in the lower lobe were worsen than those in the left lung and upper lobe, respectvely. Lesions in the lateroposterior zone of the lung were more common than those in the apical and central areas. Notably, 9 (75%) patents with chest HRCT findings related to COVID-19 pneumonia had negatve results of concurrent nucleic acid tests. Conclusion: Chest HRCT can provide an important basis for early clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia, and help subsequent interventon for the patents to stop further transmission, especially consider that the mild clinical symptoms and the inital negatve results of nucleic acid tests of these patents are common.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41557144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spironolactone ameliorates the radiation-induced late fibrosis in salivary glands in a rat model","authors":"Cagdas Elsurer, Z. Çelik, G. Yavas, Ç. Yavaş","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.149","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Management of head and neck cancer includes surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT). We hypothesized that pre-radiation treatment with a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, spironolactone (S), may have radioprotective effect on salivary glands. Materials and Methods: Study included 30 adult female Wistar albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups (G); G1, control group; G2, RT-only group, G3, S-only group; G4, RT plus S group. Rats were sacrificed at 6th hour; 21st and 100th days after RT. Salivary gland samples were taken for microscopical examination. Results: Periductal-perivascular inflammation scores in 21st and 100th days tended to be higher in G2 than in G4, but the difference was not statistically significant. Periductal-perivascular fibrosis score was significantly different between the groups in 100th day (P: 0.010). Pairwise comparisons revealed that periductal-perivascular fibrosis scores were different between G1 and G2 (P: 0.014), G2 and G3 (P: 0.014), G2 and G4 (P: 0.034). Conclusions: MR blockade with S, when initiated before RT, ameliorates late radiation-induced fibrosis in the submandibular glands.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48860804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioprotective efficacy of ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract against gamma-ray radiation-induced genotoxicity in rats","authors":"D. El-Monem, Shereen Elwakeel","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.43","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ginger (Zingiber officinale), a member of the Zingiberaceae family that contains phenolic compounds such as gingerol, paradol, zingerone, zingiberol and shogaols, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal and antitumour activity. Materials: The present investigation was intended to evaluate the radioprotective effects of ginger extract in Wistar albino rats against whole-body gamma-ray irradiation. Rats were orally administered 250 mg/kg b.w. of ginger extract by gavage for 14 consecutive days. On the 14 day, 2 hr after the last ginger administration, the animals were exposed to whole-body gamma-rays of 6 Gy. The radioprotective potential of ginger was assessed through measurement of the DNA oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine in serum, analysis of chromosomal abnormalities and micronucleus formation in bone marrow cells and estimation of DNA impairment in both bone marrow cells and epidydimal sperm using comet assay. Sperm DNA integrity and sperm shape abnormalities were also studied. Results: The results revealed that ginger extract reduced DNA oxidation by restoring the levels of 8-hydroxy-2’deoxyguanosine in serum. Ginger also significantly reduced radiation-induced chromosomal abnormality and micronucleus formation. Additionally, pretreatment with ginger extract significantly decreased DNA damage in both bone marrow cells and epididymal sperm, maintained sperm DNA integrity and reduced the occurrence of sperm anomalies after irradiation. Conclusion: Our results confirmed that ginger extract offers rats significant protection against whole-body gamma-rays and helps to alleviate the effects of radiation. Our findings suggest a new strategy to combat the effects of acute radiation doses that impair biological systems.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46655794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positron emission tomography-computed tomography guided radiotheraphy planning in lung cancer","authors":"I. Babalıoglu, S. Gokce, A. Hicsonmez, S. Akyurek, Y. Aslan, T. Atakul","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.91","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and background: In three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), treatment planning is based on computerized tomography (CT) images. However, the data obtained from CT may not be sufficient in target delination. The purpose of this study is to show the differences between the radiotherapy (RT) plans which were done with positron emission tomography (PET) fusion or not. Methods: Patients with lung cancer between February 2009 and January 2012 at our institution were assessed retrospectively. Sixty patients who were treated with 3DCRT, CT simulation images were registrated with PET images. For each patient target volumes were determined and normal tissues were revised. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to compare the two groups. Results: For gross tumor volume (GTV), clinical target volume (CTV) and planning target volume (PTV); median volume values, median mean dose values and median maximum dose values were significantly different according to use of PET. About normal tissue doses; mean lung dose (MLD), lung V20, mean and maximum esophagus dose, V50 and V60, mean heart dose and maximum medulla spinalis dose were analyzed. Conclusion: Within these parameters there were statistically significant difference except in maximum dose of esophagus and V60. In our study, we observed decreased target volumes and higher dose distrubutions for target volumes in PET registrated RT plans. According to these data, it is possible to say that optimal RT plans can be formed for lung cancer by using PET registration.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47698467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality control of radiochemical purity and safety of 99mTc-HDP and 99mTc-phytate adiopharmaceuticals labeling","authors":"Y. Jeon, Y. Cho, J. H. Jung, Jungim Choi","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.179","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of various types of radioactive drugs has increased the usefulness of nuclear medicine. The efficiency of the labeling radioactive isotope Tc is crucial for the accuracy and reliability of an examination. We conducted a survey on the quality control (QC) of radioactive isotopes (RI) by measuring their purity. Materials and Methods: The QC (always or necessary) of radiopharmaceuticals was confirmed in 12 medical institutions in a metropolitan area. The radiochemical purity (RCP) of Tc-HDP and Tcphytate was determined based on the measured radionuclide purity of Tc containing Mo. In addition, the effect of time after labeling and time after elution was analyzed. Results: None of the 12 hospitals regularly performed QC, and five hospitals administered QC when necessary. The average of 30 measurements of the Mo content in Tc from three manufacturers was 0.0109 for A, 0.0121 for B, and 0.0114 for C. The average labeling efficiency was 96.02% for Tc-HDP and 94.97% for Tc-phytate after labeling. The labeling efficiency of Tc-HDP with different times after elution was 97.56%, 95.41%, 94.86%, 93.76%, and 91.89% after 0.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h, respectively, and that for Tc-phytate was 97.21%, 97.21%, 94.42%, 93.35%, and 89.91% after 0.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h, respectively. Conclusion: We analyzed the degree of maintenance needed for labeling efficiency. The degree of change should be provided to the clinical practitioner as basic data for the QC of the radiopharmaceutical.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42238333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of melatonin on the frequency of micronuclei induced by ionizing radiation in cancerous and normal cell lines","authors":"S. G. Kelachayeh, M. H. Sangtarash, H. Mozdarani","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.57","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Melatonin is a natural antioxidant that is produced by the pineal gland. In this study was evaluated antioxidant and possible protective effects of melatonin on frequency of micronucleus (MN) formation in human cell lines exposed to γ-radiation. Materials and Methods: To achieve the best concentration for antioxidant activity of melatonin DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl) assay was used. Hela and MRC5 cells were cultured and treated with optimum concentration of melatonin (1200μg/ml). After 2h, cells were exposed to 2Gy-gamma ray. For each cell group, one flask was considered as control. Immediately after irradiation, cells were exposed to cytochalasin B to arrest cells at cytokinesis. Then the frequency of MN induced by radiation alone or in the presence of melatonin was evaluated. Results: By DPPH assay, the optimum concentration of melatonin for its antioxidant activity was determined 1200μg/ml. Our results showed that the frequency of micronuclei increased in irradiated cells compared to the control groups (p<0.05). Conversely, pre-treatment of cells with melatonin significantly reduced the number of MN produced both in MRC5 and Hela cells (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results indicated that γ-radiation induced MN in the cells. The protective effect was achieved when melatonin was present in the cellular environment pre-irradiation. Indeed, melatonin with scavenging and antioxidant ability neutralizes toxic reactants and stimulates DNA repair pathways. Moreover, the results indicate that protective effect of melatonin is higher in MRC5 cells than in Hela cells. Therefore, it can be concluded that other mechanisms such as induction of cell cycle arrest by melatonin might be exist only in MRC5 cells. However, the radio-protective mechanism of melatonin is not clearly known.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48538390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological hazards due to natural radioactivity and radon concentrations in water samples at Al-Hurrah city, Iraq","authors":"A. S. Alaboodi, N. A. Kadhim, A. Abojassim, A. B. Hassan","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research focuses on study of natural radioactivity (Ra U, Th, K and Rn) in different types of water samples at Al-Hurrah City in Najaf province/Iraq using NaI (Tl) and RAD-7 detector. Materials and Methods: Samples have been collected from three major sources of water, City Water (Drinking Water), River Water and Underground Water. The daily consumption of these three sources by humans in construction materials determines the standards used to measure the Radiological Contamination in these sources such as Annual Effective Dose, Radium Equivalent, Absorbed Dose rate, External Hazard Indexes, Internal Hazard Indexes and Activity Concentration Index Due to Gamma Ray of long-live Radioisotopes. Results: The results show that the average of Radioactivity Concentration for Radium-232 were 1.84±0.39Bq/L, 2.31±0.43Bq/Land 7.15±1.88Bq/L, for Thorium-232 were 1.31±0.33Bq/L, 0.98±0.13Bq/Land 2.19±0.44Bq/L, for Potasium-40 were 9.07±1.32Bq/L, 22.29±2.93Bq/Land 40.89±8.93Bq/L and for Radon-222 were 35.5±0.00 mBq/L, 355.50±30.33 mBq/L and 712.00±97.20 mBq/L. Based on Gamma Radionuclides measurement, the mean annual effective doses of city water and river water are lower than the reference level of the effective dose recommended by the ICRP, while the mean annual effective doses of underground water were higher than the reference level of the effective dose recommended by the ICRP. Conclusion: Finally, the researcher found that all the radiological parameters such as Raeq, D, Hex, Hin and Iγ in the water samples were within the range the global limit, thus it’s safe to use in construction materials. Keyword: Natural radioactivity, radon concentrations, water, annual effective dose and Iraq. *Corresponding authors: Ali Abid Abojassim, PhD., E-mail: ali.alhameedawi@uokufa.edu.iq Revised: April 2019 Accepted: May 2019 Int. J. Radiat. Res., January 2020; 18(1): 1-11 ► Original article DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.18.1.1 D ow nl oa de d fr om ij rr .c om a t 5 :3 0 + 04 30 o n S at ur da y A pr il 25 th 2 02 0 [ D O I: 10 .1 88 69 /a ca dp ub .ij rr .1 8. 1. 1 ]","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48886410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of vitamin D against rats’ mandibular osteoporosis induced by corticosteroids and gamma rays","authors":"A. Elkady, H. Kazem, E. Elgendy","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoporosis is a progressive systematic skeletal illness characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD), deterioration of microarchitecture of bone tissues and susceptibility to fracture caused by bone resorption. The study investigates the possible role of Alfacalcidol; vitamin D (Vit D) to mitigate osteoporosis induced by corticosteroid and γrays in rats. Materials and Methods: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into eight groups: Control group (1 ml olive oil orally), Epirelefan group (7mg/kg sc), Vit D group (20,000 IU/kg orally), Vit D plus Epirelefan group, Vit D plus γ-rays (8 Gy) group, Epirelefan plus γ-rays group, Vit D plus Epirelefan plus γ-rays group and γ-rays groups. Results: In Epirelefan group, mandible bone has small cavities, micro fissures, thinning and decrease in the number of trabecular, which may appear rod-like and concave beside increase marrow cavities. In Epirelefan + γ-rays group, the lesions were more severe with increasing osteoclast and alteration of serum calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase. The administration of Vit D before corticosteroid injection and pre γ-rays-irradiation has significantly reduced mandibular damage. Conclusion: Vit D could be efficient in mitigating osteoporosis occurred by corticosteroid and γ-rays in rat model.","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43579682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer factor of natural radionuclides from clay loam soil to sesame and Cowpea: radiological hazards","authors":"R. Elsaman, G. Ali, M. Uosif, A. El-Taher, K. Chong","doi":"10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/ACADPUB.IJRR.18.1.157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14498,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Radiation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43445364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}