IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Performance of Different Peach Varieties at Lower Altitude (4000 ft) of Murree Hills","authors":"Syed Zia ul Hasan, S. Asghar, R. Bibi, Safia Naureen Malik, R. Rafiq, Bushra Zulfiqar","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0238","url":null,"abstract":"Peach is unique stone fruit belongs to subtropical zones. It is getting high in demand due to its immense nutritional importance and dessert quality. High quality peach produce is dependent of various factors such as variety, rootstock, climate and soil etc. In pursuit of that the performance of eight different cherry varieties namely Florida King, Peach 8, Mario Delicizia, Peach 3, Early Grand, A-669, Nectarine and Spring Crest were evaluated in the climatic conditions of Tret (4000 ft). The experiment laid out according to randomized complete block design (RCBD), with four replications and one plant per treatment for the consecutive three years. Data regarding Flowering time , Fruit setting, Color break stage, Date of maturity, Ripening Stage , Fruit Weight (g), Fruit Length (cm), Fruit Width (cm), Yield per plant (kg), TSS %  and Firmness. Peach 8 is the early maturity variety followed by Florida king. The Highest TSS value was shown by Florida King (13 oBrix) followed by Peach 8 (12 oBrix). Regarding the firmness (15) Florida king surpasses all other varieties. Regarding yield per plant Early Grand exhibited better results (15 kg/plant). In the long run, it will be an effective protocol for production of peach on commercial scale and development of market as well as storage on sound basis","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74791950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Analysis and Heterosis Studies in 5×5 Diallel Crosses of Maize under the Meteorological Conditions of Rawalakot","authors":"S. Rehman, Shahid Iqbal Awan, M. Ilyas, M. Shahzad","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0242","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was performed to evaluate heterosis and combining ability of morphological traits in maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Twenty maize hybrids were obtained by 5×5 complete diallel crosses in first year and were evaluated for plant attributes like plant height, ear height, ear leaf area, flag leaf area, days to 50% silking, days to 50% pollen shed, anthesis-silking interval (ASI), no. of leaves per plant, no. of branches per tassel, no. of kernel rows per ear and kernels per row, 1000-kernel weight, shelling percentage, grain plus biological yield per plant and harvest index in second year. Among the crosses NCEV-4 × NCEV-3 (462.70g) showed maximum 1000-kernel weight, followed by NCEV-3 × EV-70040 (451.33g), while highest grain yield per plant was recorded for NCEV-4 × NCEV-3 (152.97g), followed by NCEV-3 × EV-70040 (145.10g). Maximum and highly significant heterosis and heterobeltiosis was found in cross NCEV-1530-11 × HNG (70.49 and 67.54), followed by HNG × EV-70040 (65.57 and 56.39) and HNG × NCEV-1530-11 (64.14 and 61.3), rest of the crosses also showed positive and highly significant heterosis and heterobeltiosis for grain yield per plant. Among the parents NCEV-3 has best GCA for grain yield (4.30) while cross NCEV-3 × NCEV-4 has best SCA for grain yield per plant (18.10) and could be used in hybridization for yield improvement.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75053713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Mutagenesis to Create Genetic Variation in Tomato Crop","authors":"T. Shehzad, M. Ahmed, Mahmood ul Hassan","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0240","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most perishable crops worldwide grown due to its rich nutritional quality and good market value. It is less attentive crop as compared to major crops.  There is need to explore the genetic diversity among the tomato germplasm, to create resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Without the genetic variationreeding program remains infective. One most important method to create variation in plants is the use of mutagenesis in plant breeding. To create more variation mutation breeding can be used in tomatoes. Improvement of plant varieties either through conventional or non-conventional breeding is the main objective of the plant breeders but parental varieties with unusual features are usually produced by mutagenesis at first stage and later subjected to breeding experiments to produce more stable and modified plant lines.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86261839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of Macro Minerals in Selected Summer Forages of District Kasur","authors":"F. Hussain, Muhammad Afzal Rashid, Syed Ghulam Mohayuddin, M. Qasim","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0241","url":null,"abstract":"Minerals are essential for production, reproduction and health of livestock. Among feed resources, forages are considered as a cheap source of minerals for livestock. Therefore, the aim of this study was to map the mineral contents of selected summer forages of district Kasur. Four seasonal forages including maize, sorghum and millet were selected for analysis of mineral contents. A total n=400 forage samples were collected from four tehsils of district Kasur including: Kasur, Chunian, Pattoki and Kot Radha Kishan (KRK). For Sample collection GPS essential android mobile application was used to determine latitude and longitude for sample collection site. After collection, samples were processed for wet digestion. Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) content was analyzed using flame photometer; whereas, Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P) contents were analyzed by atomic absorption and spectrophotometer. The data were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results of the current experiment showed that Ca concentration was higher (P<0.05) in the Chunian compared with the KRK and Pattoki in maize forage. Additionally, sorghum Ca concentration was same (P>0.05)   in the entire tehsils of the Kasur. Whereas, Ca contents of millet was higher (P<0.05) in the Kasur compared with the Chunian. Concentration of P in maize and sorghum forages were not different (P>0.05) among all the tehsils. Whereas, P contents of millet was higher (P<0.05) in the KRK compared with the Chunian. In maize forage, Na contents was higher (P<0.05) in the KRK compared with the Kasur and was lower in the Pattoki and the Chunian. Na concentration of sorghum forage was greater (P<0.05) in the Pattoki compared with the other tehsils. Whereas, Na contents of millet forage was higher (P<0.05) in the Chunian than the KRK. K contents of maize and millet forages were not different (P0.05) among the all tehsils of the district Kasur. Whereas, K concentration was higher (P<0.05) in the KRK compared with the Kasur in sorghum forage. It can be concluded that concentration of Ca, P, N and K in summer forages including maize, sorghum and millet of district Kasur varied. Data can help us to identify the mineral deficiency in district Kasur and formulate area specific mineral mixtures to manage mineral status of livestock.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88004968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Importance of Stirred Yogurt","authors":"S. Qayyum, S. Rafiq, Imran Hayat, M. Fahad, H. Tariq, M. Waqas, Sheraz Hussain","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.01.0239","url":null,"abstract":"Yogurt is a nutrient-rich food product obtain by bacterial fermentation of milk. Recently, numerous studies have been reported its tremendous health effects through fortification and addition of different fruits provides several nutrients which may help to upgradation of health of vulnerable groups. Fruits yogurt is excellent source of essential amino acids, calcium, vitamin D, riboflavin, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12. It promotes gut microbial population as carrier of probiotics which control intestinal infections reduce the serum cholesterol levels and lactose intolerance and reduce the chance of cancer. Yogurt is a functional food, preventive medicine, and residence treatment in the new times requires persistent and transparent public education. This review paper highlighted the importance of fortification of indigenous fruits to makes fruits yogurt.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76067090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degree-Hours to Spawning Response, Fertilization Rate and Hatching of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Cyprinus carpio through Induced Breeding by using Ovaprim under a Captivity","authors":"Muhammad Shahbaz Azhar, Muhammad Zubair Anjum, S. Akhter, Muhammad Mujahid Anwar, S. Bibi","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0254","url":null,"abstract":"A breeding experiment was conducted on Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Cyprinus carpio April to August 2022 at Tawakkal Fish Hatchery at Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan. A single dose of intramuscular injection of Ovaprim with 0.7 ml/kg for female and 0.2 ml/kg for male brooders of both species were administrated. After hormonal adminteration brooders were kept in the circular tank for spawning. The 100% ovulation rate was observed in both species. Spawning response was observed after the latency period of (8.80±0.1-10.84±0.02 hours) and (8.1±0.26-9.8±0.01 hours) in Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Cyprinus carpio respectively at water temperature range from 22-28 °C. Fertilization rate (61-73%) was observed in Hypophthalmichthys nobilis while, in Cyprinus carpio it was (60-76%) at water temperature range 22-28 °C respectively.  Degree-hours to spawning were calculated in Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (238.2±1.46-246.4±1) while in Cyprinus carpio it was (215.6±1.3- 226.8±1.28) respectively. Hatching rate of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis was calculated as (52-70 %), while in Cyprinus carpio it was (56 -71 %) and degree-hours to hatching was calculated as (748-784) and (682-702) respectively at water temperature range 22-28 °C respectively. Overall, the rates of fertilization and hatching increases with the increase of water temperature up to limit. These findings can be used to calculate spawning probabilities to enable future spawning predictions for the Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Cyprinus carpio.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75693756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Storage Decay of Strawberry Caused by Botrytis cineria by Using Organic Salt Coating","authors":"Ansar Ali, K. Zahid, A. Khan, Roshaan Ahmed, A. Habib","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0253","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyses an experimental investigation for managing the storage decay of strawberries caused by Botrytis cineria and extending the shelf life of strawberry using inexpensive and environmentally safe organic salts. Three organic salts were used (i) Magnesium chloride (ii) Sodium chloride (iii) Calcium chloride. Fresh fruit was coated with different salt concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% using a cotton swab. . One chemical TBZ was also used as fruit coating materials with same concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. All these fruits were placed in polythene zipper bags and rotting symptoms were checked after 2-, 3- and 4-days intervals. Recorded data was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance and for statistical analysis by using LSD test and “Statistics” software. Among all the organic salts, magnesium chloride exhibited maximum growth inhibition (5.248) followed by sodium chloride (10.619), calcium chloride (11.833), as compared to control.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77448660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Management of Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita through Bacterial Antagonists Infecting Tomato","authors":"M. Anwar ul Haq, Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Zeeshan Niaz, K. Mahmood, Muhammad Talal, Zuhaa Adil, Hira Manzoor Ahmad","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0255","url":null,"abstract":"Root-knot nematodes have wide host range, causing damage to many annual and perennial crops. More than 100 species of Meloidogyne are known in which Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood is one of the most common and important plant parasitic nematode in tropical and subtropical regions of the world including Pakistan. This study was planned to investigate the interaction of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Pasteuria penetrans for the management of root knot nematode M. incognita on tomato in green house at 30 + 4 0C. Earthen pots 20 cm dia. having sterilized soil was mixed with Pasteuria penetrans root powder @ 103 spores per gm of soil. Three week old seedlings of tomato Money Maker were transplanted singly in pots. One week after transplanting, 30 ml of bacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterobacter cloacae) suspension were applied in root zone. Seven days after application of PGPR, 2000 J2 were applied at root zone. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design and six treatments were replicated tenfold. Pasteuria penetrans alone or in different combinations with PGPR were applied.  Pots with nematode and without PGPR, Pp and nematode were kept as control. Sixty days after nematode application, plants were harvested carefully. Data were recorded on plant growth parameters and nematode reproduction in terms of number of egg mass, number of females, number of galls and galling index (0-10). The plant treated with Enterobacter cloacae + Pp significantly suppressed the number of egg mass 69.38%, number of galls 68%, number of females 66.21% and galling index 56.82% compared to control resulting in improved growth over control. The treatments   B. subtilis + Pp and P.  fluorescens + Pp showed intermediary effect on both nematode reproduction and plant growth..Pasteuria penetrans was least observed effective in suppressing number of egg mass 57.53 %, number of females 55%, number of galls 55.73% and galling index 47.73%.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79426934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Potato Disease Detection and Classification by exploiting Deep Learning Techniques","authors":"Khalid Hamza, Saba un Nisa, G. Irshad","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0251","url":null,"abstract":"The edible potato comes in fifth for human consumption and fourth among main food crops. Since it is a crop that is vegetative grown, many pests and disease can be passed along from one generation to the next. Crop diseases, which have a negative impact on food security as well as economic losses, have a significant impact on the production and quality of yields from potato crops. Thus, the application of unique and precise deep learning-based algorithms for disease detection and classification is highly required. Identifying weaknesses in agricultural products, particularly potatoes requires the use of machine vision and image processing techniques. Deep learning and image processing have been used in agriculture to classify and number of disease and pests affecting potatoes has grown, and study in this area is still continuing. The use of artificial intelligence and image processing in agriculture for the classification and identification of potato pests and disease has grown, and work in this area is still ongoing. Different deep learning techniques, such as VGG19, VGG16, Google Net, Alex Net, and convolution neural network methods, can be used to address the disease problem in potatoes. These methods also examined multiple classes of potato diseases as: Healthy, Black Leg, Black Scurf, Pink Rot, Common Scab, etc. Food safety could be seriously threatened by the spread of potato disease. In this article, deep learning techniques for early detection of potato disease are discussed.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"106 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91505562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Zinc Nanoparticles on Seed Priming, Growth and Production of Cucumber","authors":"Samia Nisar, I. Hassan, Syed Zia ul Hasan, Ishrat Batool, A. Saleem, R. Bibi, Safia Naureen Malik, R. Rafique, A. Rehman","doi":"10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55627/agrivet.01.02.0252","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important vegetable and its demand remains around the year. High quality and yield are desired quality for both grower and consumers. Therefore, influence of seed priming and foliar application of zinc nano particles was checked on yield and quality of cucumber. ZnO nano particles are non-toxic and recently listed as “Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)” safe material by food and drug administration and use as food additive. Due to interaction of nano particles with plant, many physiological and morphological changes take place depending on the characteristic of Nanoparticles. By the exploitation of new application of nanotechnology crop yield can be increased. In plants, nano particles as a zinc fertilizer with small size and large surface area are predicted to be an ideal material to use. Zinc is one of the vital nutrients required for plant growth Result indicate that zinc nano particles at 20 ppm concentration increased seed germination as well as physical parameters plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of flower, yield, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, average single fruit weight, fruit firmness and fruit color was increased. Furthermore, chemical parameters like total soluble solids, ascorbic acid and titratable acidity was increased at 20 ppm zinc nano particles as compared to control and other treatments. Present research proves that seed priming and foliar application of zinc nano particles are effective for improving fruit physical and chemical characteristics. The finding of this research work will be helpful in future research on utilization of nano particles for vegetable crops.","PeriodicalId":14496,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84325251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}