International Journal of Wildland Fire最新文献_第8页

Quantifying the flammability of living plants at the branch scale: which metrics to use? 在分支尺度上量化活植物的可燃性:使用哪个指标?

3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1071/wf23007

J. G. Cawson, J. E. Burton, B. J. Pickering, V. Demetriou, A. I. Filkov

{"title":"Quantifying the flammability of living plants at the branch scale: which metrics to use?","authors":"J. G. Cawson, J. E. Burton, B. J. Pickering, V. Demetriou, A. I. Filkov","doi":"10.1071/wf23007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wf23007","url":null,"abstract":"Background Plant flammability is an important factor in fire behaviour and post-fire ecological responses. There is consensus about the broad attributes (or axes) of flammability but little consistency in their measurement. Aims We sought to provide a pathway towards greater consistency in flammability research by identifying a subset of preferred flammability metrics for living plants. Methods Flammability was measured at the branch scale using a range of metrics for 140 plant specimens in an apparatus that simulates an approaching fire front. Key results We identified a subset of preferred metrics, which quantify the axes of flammability for living plants, including time to ignition (ignitability), peak heat release rate (combustibility), flaming duration (sustainability) and consumption (consumability). Flaming duration was strongly correlated with heat release rate, so could be a proxy for combustibility. Flammability was higher for species with greater surface area and biomass per branch. Conclusions We identified a subset of preferred metrics for quantifying the flammability of living plants. These metrics quantify the key axes of flammability and are measurable using different experimental apparatus and across multiple scales, making them suitable for widespread use. Implications The inclusion of these flammability metrics in future studies has the potential to enhance consistency and comparability between studies.","PeriodicalId":14464,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transitioning operational satellite grassland curing from MODIS to VIIRS 由MODIS向VIIRS过渡的可操作卫星草地

3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1071/wf22227

Danielle Wright, Leon Majewski

{"title":"Transitioning operational satellite grassland curing from MODIS to VIIRS","authors":"Danielle Wright, Leon Majewski","doi":"10.1071/wf22227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wf22227","url":null,"abstract":"Background In Australia, grassland curing (senescence) is an essential component in fire danger calculations. In seven (out of eight) states/territories in Australia, operational curing data are derived from the MapVictoria satellite model. From 2013 to 2023, MapVictoria data have been calculated using MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data from the Terra satellite. Terra has exceeded its designed mission lifetime, but the continuation of satellite curing data is crucial for fire agencies to continue fire danger calculations. Aims The aim of this study was to adjust the MapVictoria model so it could be calculated using a newer satellite sensor system: Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Methods Data from the VIIRS bands were adjusted to match those of MODIS using timeseries from 2013 to 2020. The adjusted VIIRS bands were used to derive a VIIRS curing model: ‘viirs-mvcuring’. Key results The viirs–mvcuring model exhibited lower curing estimates than MODIS by up to 2.6% in Northern sites and 1.4% in Southern sites and exhibited lower curing estimates than ground-based curing by 0.1% in Northern sites and 3.5% in Southern sites. Conclusions The development of the viirs–mvcuring model has ensured continued availability of satellite curing data. Implications The transition to VIIRS will provide continued input of curing into fire danger calculations across Australia.","PeriodicalId":14464,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134989622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

IX International Conference on Forest Fire Research and 17th International Wildland Fire Safety Summit: introduction to special issue (Part 3) 九国际森林火灾研究会议和第十七届国际野外消防安全峰会：特刊介绍（第三部分）

IF 3.1 3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1071/wf23087

L. Ribeiro, D. Viegas, M. Almeida

引用次数: 1

IJWF Outstanding Associate Editor Award 2022: David Calkin and Hayley Hesseln 2022年IJWF杰出副主编奖：David Calkin和Hayley Hesseln

IF 3.1 3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1071/wfv32n4_aw

引用次数: 0

Special issue editorial team 特刊编辑团队

3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1071/wfv32n3_edboard

引用次数: 0

IX International Conference on Forest Fire Research and 17th International Wildland Fire Safety Summit: introduction to special issue (Part 2) 九国际森林火灾研究会议暨第十七届国际野外消防安全峰会：特刊介绍（下）

IF 3.1 3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1071/wf23037

M. Almeida, D. Viegas, L. Ribeiro

引用次数: 2

Atmospheric turbulent structures and fire sweeps during shrub fires and implications for flaming zone behaviour 灌木火灾期间的大气湍流结构和火灾波及以及对燃烧区行为的影响

IF 3.1 3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1071/wf22100

M. Katurji, Bob Noonan, Jiawei Zhang, Andres Valencia, Benjamin Shumacher, J. Kerr, T. Strand, G. Pearce, P. Zawar-Reza

{"title":"Atmospheric turbulent structures and fire sweeps during shrub fires and implications for flaming zone behaviour","authors":"M. Katurji, Bob Noonan, Jiawei Zhang, Andres Valencia, Benjamin Shumacher, J. Kerr, T. Strand, G. Pearce, P. Zawar-Reza","doi":"10.1071/wf22100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wf22100","url":null,"abstract":"Background Wildfires propagate through vegetation exhibiting complex spread patterns modulated by ambient atmospheric wind turbulence. Wind gusts at the fire-front extend and intensify flames causing direct convective heating towards unburnt fuels resulting in rapid acceleration of spread. Aims To characterise ambient and fire turbulence over gorse shrub and explore how this contributes to fire behaviour. Methods Six experimental burns were carried out in Rakaia, New Zealand under varying meteorological conditions. The ignition process ensured a fire-line propagating through dense gorse bush (1 m high). Two 30-m sonic anemometer towers measured turbulent wind velocity at six different levels above the ground. Visible imagery was captured by cameras mounted on uncrewed aerial vehicles at 200 m AGL. Key results Using wavelet decomposition, we identified different turbulent time scales that varied between 1 and 128 s relative to height above vegetation. Quadrant analysis identified statistical distributions of atmospheric sweeps (downbursts of turbulence towards vegetation) with sustained events emanating from above the vegetation canopy and impinging at the surface with time scales up to 10 s. Conclusions Image velocimetry enabled tracking of ‘fire sweeps’ and characterised for the first time their lifetime and dynamics in comparison with overlying atmospheric turbulent structures. Implications This methodology can provide a comprehensive toolkit when investigating coupled atmosphere–fire interactions.","PeriodicalId":14464,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42192792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Corrigendum to: Atmospheric turbulent structures and fire sweeps during shrub fires and implications for flaming zone behaviour 勘误表:灌木火灾期间的大气湍流结构和火灾横扫以及对火区行为的影响

3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1071/wf22100_co

Marwan Katurji, Bob Noonan, Jiawei Zhang, Andres Valencia, Benjamin Schumacher, Jessica Kerr, Tara Strand, Grant Pearce, Peyman Zawar-Reza

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Atmospheric turbulent structures and fire sweeps during shrub fires and implications for flaming zone behaviour","authors":"Marwan Katurji, Bob Noonan, Jiawei Zhang, Andres Valencia, Benjamin Schumacher, Jessica Kerr, Tara Strand, Grant Pearce, Peyman Zawar-Reza","doi":"10.1071/wf22100_co","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wf22100_co","url":null,"abstract":"<sec> Background Wildfires propagate through vegetation exhibiting complex spread patterns modulated by ambient atmospheric wind turbulence. Wind gusts at the fire-front extend and intensify flames causing direct convective heating towards unburnt fuels resulting in rapid acceleration of spread. </sec> <sec> Aims To characterise ambient and fire turbulence over gorse shrub and explore how this contributes to fire behaviour. </sec> <sec> Methods Six experimental burns were carried out in Rakaia, New Zealand under varying meteorological conditions. The ignition process ensured a fire-line propagating through dense gorse bush (1&#x2009;m high). Two 30-m sonic anemometer towers measured turbulent wind velocity at six different levels above the ground. Visible imagery was captured by cameras mounted on uncrewed aerial vehicles at 200&#x2009;m AGL. </sec> <sec> Key results Using wavelet decomposition, we identified different turbulent time scales that varied between 1 and 128&#x2009;s relative to height above vegetation. Quadrant analysis identified statistical distributions of atmospheric sweeps (downbursts of turbulence towards vegetation) with sustained events emanating from above the vegetation canopy and impinging at the surface with time scales up to 10&#x2009;s. </sec> <sec> Conclusions Image velocimetry enabled tracking of &#x2018;fire sweeps&#x2019; and characterised for the first time their lifetime and dynamics in comparison with overlying atmospheric turbulent structures. </sec> <sec> Implications This methodology can provide a comprehensive toolkit when investigating coupled atmosphere&#x2013;fire interactions. </sec>","PeriodicalId":14464,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136196217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to: Altered mixed-severity fire regime has homogenised montane forests of Jasper National Park 更正:改变的混合严重程度的火灾制度使贾斯珀国家公园的山地森林同质化

3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1071/wf15048_c1

Raphaël D. Chavardès, Lori D. Daniels

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Altered mixed-severity fire regime has homogenised montane forests of Jasper National Park","authors":"Raphaël D. Chavardès, Lori D. Daniels","doi":"10.1071/wf15048_c1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wf15048_c1","url":null,"abstract":"Fire suppression has altered the historical mixed-severity fire regime and homogenised forest structures in Jasper National Park, Canada. We used dendrochronology to reconstruct fire history and assess forest dynamics at 29 sites in the montane forests. Based on fire scars and even-aged post-fire cohorts, we determined 18 sites had mixed-severity fire histories through time, and 11 sites had evidence of high-severity fires only &#x2013; yielding a mixed-severity fire regime for the study area. Lodgepole pine, hybrid spruce and Douglas-fir established simultaneously after low- and high-severity fires. Regardless of fire history, forest canopies were mixed in composition and subcanopies were strongly dominated by shade-tolerant hybrid spruce. Despite their size, subcanopy trees were similar in age to the canopy trees. Current stand composition and age structures largely reflect the effects of high-severity fires that burned ~110 years ago at 18 of 29 sites. In the absence of fires after 1905, forests have matured simultaneously, homogenising the landscape and resulting in forest structures that are more conducive to high-severity fire than are fires of a range of severities. Proactive fire management is justified to restore fire as a vital ecological process and promote forest resilience by countering the effects of a century of fire suppression.","PeriodicalId":14464,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","volume":"582 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136195920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Special issue editorial team 特刊编辑团队

IF 3.1 3区农林科学

International Journal of Wildland Fire Pub Date : 2023-01-24 DOI: 10.1071/wfv32n1edboard

引用次数: 0