Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Trichoscopic Signs in Dermatomyositis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Systemic Sclerosis: A Comparative Study of 150 Patients.","authors":"Kumutnart Chanprapaph,&nbsp;Preeyachat Limtong,&nbsp;Pintip Ngamjanyaporn,&nbsp;Poonkiat Suchonwanit","doi":"10.1159/000520297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hair and scalp involvement is prevalent in connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Trichoscopic features may provide a diagnostic implementation and enable differentiation among CTDs; however, a direct comparison of these signs among CTD patients is lacking.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare trichoscopic findings in dermatomyositis (DM), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) as well as determine their distinctive features and associations with disease activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Trichoscopic photographs were taken from DM, SLE, and SSc patients and further evaluated for hair shaft and scalp surface abnormalities. Data regarding patients' clinical manifestations, laboratory results, and disease activity were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred fifty participants, consisting of 30 DM, 60 SLE, and 60 SSc patients, were included. Perifollicular red-brown pigmentation, brown scattered pigmentation, and white patches were exclusive findings in DM, SLE, and SSc, respectively (p < 0.001). A multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that DM demonstrated higher odds for having microaneurysmal blood vessels than SLE and SSc (odds ratio [OR] = 22.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.73-285.13, p = 0.017, and OR = 15.34, 95% CI = 1.36-177.59, p = 0.029, respectively). Polymorphic vessels forming a telangiectatic network suggested SSc over SLE (OR = 12.83, 95% CI = 1.35-121.98, p = 0.026), while avascular areas were more pronounced in SSc than DM and SLE (OR = 43.24, 95% CI = 5.17-361.67, p = 0.001, and OR = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01-0.24, p = 0.001, respectively). In a quantile regression analysis, perifollicular red-brown pigmentation, reduction in hair diameter, and the absence of thin arborizing vessels were linked to higher disease activity in DM, SLE, and SSc, respectively (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trichoscopy is a valuable tool possessing diagnostic and prognostic values for CTDs. Specific trichoscopic features allow adequate distinction between DM, SLE, and SSc and may help identify active disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"677-687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9393826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39580191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tattoos Dermatological Complications: Analysis of 53 Cases from Northern Poland.","authors":"Patrycja Rogowska,&nbsp;Michał Sobjanek,&nbsp;Martyna Sławińska,&nbsp;Roman J Nowicki,&nbsp;Aneta Szczerkowska-Dobosz","doi":"10.1159/000520752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The frequency of tattoos varies from 10% to 30% across the population worldwide. The growing popularity of tattooing increases the number of cutaneous reactions connected with this procedure. As we have not found any previous studies in the literature concerning tattoo complications in Poland and other Eastern European countries, we believe this to be the first study of this kind.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical spectrum of complications associated with the procedure of permanent tattooing among patients from Northern Poland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical data of 53 patients who developed tattoo-related cutaneous conditions were analyzed. All of the patients were consulted in the Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Clinic in Gdańsk in the years 2018-2021. Medical history, dermatological assessment, and photographic documentation of skin lesions were performed in each case. Dermoscopic examination was carried out in 16 cases and 20 skin biopsies of the tattoo reactions were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one patients (40%) presented tattoo ink hypersensitivity reactions, out of which 18 were triggered by the red ink. In 11 cases (21%), contact dermatitis has developed after tattooing, while 9 of the patients (17%) presented tattoo infectious complications, including local bacterial infections, common warts, molluscum contagiosum, and demodicosis. We collected 8 cases (15%) of papulonodular reactions in black tattoos, and in 6 of them, histology showed granuloma formation. In 2 cases (4%), symptoms of anaphylaxis were observed after the tattooing procedure, and in another 2 cases (4%), Koebner phenomenon in the tattoo was diagnosed. Dermoscopy was the clue to the diagnosis in 4 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first report presenting multiple cases of tattoo complications from Eastern Europe. The results of the study are consistent with other researches, showing a similar distribution of tattoo complications and that across the different pigments used, the red ink is most frequently responsible for tattoo reactions. We emphasize the usefulness of dermoscopic examination in the diagnosis of tattoo-related infections and draw the reader's attention to the rare, yet hazardous complications connected with peri-tattooing anaphylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"799-806"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39635166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights into Macular Type of Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma: Extension of the Clinical and Histopathological Patterns.","authors":"Aviv Barzilai,&nbsp;Iris Amitay-Laish,&nbsp;Elena Didkovsky,&nbsp;Meora Feinmesser,&nbsp;Adam Dalal,&nbsp;Ginette Schiby,&nbsp;Emmilia Hodak","doi":"10.1159/000525439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) classically presents with papules, plaques, and nodules/tumors. Previous reports of PCBCL manifesting with macular lesions are scarce and focused on primary cutaneous follicle-center cell lymphoma (PCFCL).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to report our experience with PCBCL presenting with erythematous macules.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with low-grade PCBCL manifesting with erythematous patches, diagnosed and managed between January 2000 through December 2019 at 2 tertiary cutaneous-lymphoma outpatient clinics, were included. Clinical data were retrospectively collected, and biopsy specimens of the macules, and if present of the typical nodular/tumoral lesions, were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 14 patients, aged 16-67 years, 8 had PCFCL and 6 marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL). All had 1-15 cm erythematous macules, mimicking: interstitial granuloma annulare/vascular tumors/early-stage folliculotropic mycosis fungoides, or presenting with figurate erythema or livedo reticularis-like/net-like pattern. In 3 patients, macules were the presenting lesions, in 2 as the sole manifestation, whereas in 12 patients, typical PCBCL lesions were observed during disease course. The macules showed in all, superficial and deep perivascular infiltrates, and in most, periadnexal infiltrates. Micronodules were observed in 11 specimens, with nodular infiltrates also observed in 4. B cells comprised the majority of the lymphocytes in only 4. Seven of 11 cases tested showed immunoglobulin heavy chain monoclonality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PCMZL and PCFCL may manifest with erythematous macules. Physicians should be aware of this unusual manifestation of low-grade PCBCL, which may represent a clinicopathological diagnostic pitfall.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1018-1025"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40581342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Ultrasound for Identifying Morphological Characteristics and Thickness of Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Alexandra Laverde-Saad, Alexe Simard, David Nassim, Abdulhadi Jfri, Ali Alajmi, Elizabeth O'Brien, Ximena Wortsman","doi":"10.1159/000520751","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000520751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in ultrasound technology and non-surgical treatments of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) have raised the need to study the performance of high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) in BCCs. We aimed to assess the performance of HFUS in the evaluation of BCCs to formulate recommendations for its uses and conducted a systematic review of the literature to do so. A search of Central, Medline, Embase, CINHAL, and Web of Science was performed using key/MESH terms \"ultrasonography\" and \"basal cell carcinoma\" (January 2005-December 2020). We included primary studies reporting biopsy-confirmed BCCs for which the target intervention was ultrasound assessment at 15 MHz or higher frequency. Thirty articles were included, studying a total of 1,203 biopsy-confirmed BCCs. HFUS provides accurate depth measurements, especially for BCCs >1 mm. The definition of lateral margins in vivo needs further studies; however, ex vivo margin assessment seems convincing. There is a diagnostic role for HFUS in identifying higher recurrence risk BCC subtypes, which can help in risk stratification. Performance of HFUS is significant in BCC management. Pre-surgical scans may support case selection for Mohs. HFUS can improve safety when used to plan brachytherapy treatments, help with case selection and adjunct treatment choice pre-photodynamic therapy. Finally, HFUS can help follow lesions after intervention, particularly non-surgical management, and support the decision to observe or re-intervene. HFUS can enhance clinical practice by providing useful information that cannot be deducted from the clinical examination. It would be recommended to evaluate the extent, mainly depth, and detect the aggressiveness of the BCCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"692-710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39818263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Everolimus for Facial Angiofibromas in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Patients Treated for Renal Angiomyolipoma/Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma.","authors":"Chang-Ching Wei,&nbsp;Yu-Ping Hsiao,&nbsp;Shuo-Yan Gau,&nbsp;Yue-Ting Wu,&nbsp;Chi-Tang Wu,&nbsp;Meng-Hsuan Wu,&nbsp;Jeng-Dau Tsai","doi":"10.1159/000510222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000510222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Facial angiofibromas may be present since early childhood in individuals with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), causing substantial cosmetic disfigurement. Current therapies are partially effective, but they are uncomfortable, produce scarring, and are especially expensive.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of oral everolimus for TSC-associated angiofibromas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included TSC patients being treated with oral everolimus for subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) and angiomyolipomas (AMLs). We recorded the changes in facial angiofibromas. Changes in the Angiofibroma Grading Scale (AGS) indicators were recorded according to erythema, average lesion size, lesion density, and percent involvement on the forehead, nose, cheeks, and chin. The scores were recorded before and after the administration of oral everolimus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one patients being treated with oral everolimus were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 20.5 years (range 11-44 years, 4 males, and 17 females). The mean dose of oral everolimus was 3.6 mg/day. Clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvement was observed in erythema (p = 0.001), average lesion size (p < 0.001), lesion density (p < 0.001), and percent involvement (p < 0.001). Changes in the AGS findings were statistically significant on the forehead (p = 0.001), nose (p < 0.001) cheeks (p < 0.001), and chin (p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Everolimus shows evident improvement and is approved for TSC-associated SEGAs and AMLs. The current study demonstrated the efficacy of oral everolimus in reducing facial angiofibromas, showing the parallel benefits of the treatment protocol for TSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"444-449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000510222","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38564164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryosurgery as a Single Agent and in Combination with Intralesional Corticosteroids Is Effective on Young, Small Keloids and Induces Characteristic Histological and Immunohistological Changes: A Prospective Randomized Trial.","authors":"Christos C Zouboulis,&nbsp;Eftychia Zouridaki","doi":"10.1159/000511624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000511624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the pathogenesis of keloids is poorly understood, there is no sound biological basis of keloid management. Few controlled therapeutic studies have been published, and recurrences are a major reason for treatment failure.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To detect efficacy and safety of cryosurgery regimens on keloids and the occurring biological changes caused by the treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective randomized study compared efficacy and tolerability as well as histological/immunohistochemical effects of liquid nitrogen contact cryosurgery as a single regimen (group A) and combined with intralesional corticosteroids (group B) on young (<2 years old), small (≤10 cm2) keloids in 40 patients (2-sided effect, α-error 1%, power 95%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Marked flattening of the lesions was achieved by both regimens. Median lesional volumes decreased from 106 to 7 mm3 in group A (p = 0.001) and from 138 to 6 mm3 in group B (p < 0.0001; ns, between groups). Good to excellent responses were registered in 83.3 and 90% of patients in groups A and B, respectively, by evaluating the lesional volume, in 80 and 95% of patients by the physician's evaluation and in 95% of patients in either group by the patient's assessment. Follow-up of 6-36 months revealed no further significant changes. Cryosurgery was generally well tolerated, with minor pain during treatment not requiring (27.5%) or requiring local anaesthesia (5%) - but not analgesics -, and hypopigmentation (25%). Histological examination showed increased vessel number and lumen dilatation after treatment in group B and reduction of rete ridge length in both groups with more prominent changes in group A. Tenascin C staining demarcated keloids from normal skin before therapy, while after therapy the entire treated tissue was labelled. Interferon-γ expression was significantly decreased after therapy both regarding positively stained cells and intensity in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cryosurgery without and with intralesional corticosteroids is effective and safe on young, small keloids not only as a destructive physical procedure, but also by inducing biochemical and immunological scar rejuvenation.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"396-406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000511624","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38678760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Short Cycle of Narrow-Band UVB Phototherapy in the Early Phase of Dupilumab Therapy Can Provide a Quicker Improvement of Severe Atopic Dermatitis.","authors":"Mariateresa Rossi,&nbsp;Chiara Rovati,&nbsp;Mariachiara Arisi,&nbsp;Cesare Tomasi,&nbsp;Irene Calzavara-Pinton,&nbsp;Marina Venturini,&nbsp;Piergiacomo Calzavara-Pinton","doi":"10.1159/000512456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000512456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the best clinical response to dupilumab is achieved after 12-16 weeks, a combination therapy at the beginning of the treatment could be a helpful strategy to reach a faster response in patients with severe atopic dermatitis (AD).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To quantify the benefit of a combination of dupilumab treatment with a short course of narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present pilot study adult patients suffering from severe AD were enrolled with a 2:1 ratio to receive treatment with dupilumab alone or dupilumab plus NB-UVB phototherapy, for 12 weeks. After the twelfth week, all patients received dupilumab only. A follow-up visit took place after 16 weeks. Both clinician-oriented and patient-oriented scores were assessed at baseline (T0) and after 4 (T1), 12 (T2) and 16 (T3) weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-five adult patients were enrolled in the study. Both treatment regimens were well tolerated and very effective on all measured scores (EASI, SCORAD, BSA, NRS of itching, NRS of sleep loss, DLQI, POEM and HADS), but the combined regimen led to a more robust clinical improvement of lesions and relief of symptoms after 4 weeks. However, after 12 and 16 weeks, the additional therapeutic effect of phototherapy weakened.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NB-UVB phototherapy can provide a faster remission of severe AD in the first few weeks of dupilumab therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"407-415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000512456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38785134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the Odds of Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.","authors":"Khalaf Kridin,&nbsp;Giovanni Damiani,&nbsp;Ralf J Ludwig,&nbsp;Dana Tzur Bitan,&nbsp;Arnon D Cohen","doi":"10.1159/000512931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000512931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a well-known underlying comorbidity of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). However, the risk conferred by UC for the subsequent development of PG is yet to be elucidated. We aimed to estimate the magnitude of the association between UC and the subsequent occurrence of PG, which would enable us to assess the odds of PG developing in individuals with a history of UC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based case-control study was conducted to compare PG patients (n = 302) and age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched control subjects (n = 1,497) regarding the presence of UC. Logistic regression models were utilized for univariate and multivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of preexisting UC was greater in patients with PG than in controls (7.3 vs. 0.5%; p < 0.001). A 15-fold increase in the odds of PG in individuals with preexisting UC was observed (OR 14.62, 95% CI 6.45-33.18). The greatest risk of developing PG occurred in the first years following the diagnosis of UC (OR 35.50, 95% CI 4.35-289.60), and decreased thereafter to 10.03 (95% CI 1.83-55.03), 6.69 (95% CI 1.49-30.02), and 10.03 (95% CI 1.83-55.03) at 1-5, 5-10, and 10-15 years after the diagnosis of UC, respectively. This association retained its statistical significance following the adjustment for confounding factors (adjusted OR 10.78, 95% CI 4.55-25.52). Patients with both PG and UC were younger and had a lower prevalence of smoking than the remaining patients with PG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UC increases the odds of developing PG by 15-fold, with the highest probability of developing PG occurring within the first year after the diagnosis of UC. Patients with UC may be advised to avoid additional precipitating factors for the development of PG.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"323-329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000512931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25425365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Nonsegmental Vitiligo Using Integrated Bioinformatics Methods.","authors":"Baoyi Liu,&nbsp;Yongyi Xie,&nbsp;Zhouwei Wu","doi":"10.1159/000511893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000511893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV) is an acquired depigmentation disorder of unknown origin. Enormous interests focus on finding novel biomarkers and pathways responsible for NSV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The gene expression level was obtained by integrating microarray datasets (GSE65127 and GSE75819) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database using the sva R package. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between each group were identified by the limma R package. The interaction network was constructed using STRING, and significant modules coupled with hub genes were identified by cytoHubba and molecular complex detection. Pathway analyses were conducted using generally applicable gene set enrichment and further visualized in R environment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 102 DEGs between vitiligo lesional skin and healthy skin, 14 lesion-specific genes, and 29 predisposing genes were identified from the integrated dataset. Except for the anticipated decrease in melanogenesis, three major functional changes were identified, including oxidative phosphorylation, p53, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling in lesional skin. PPARG, MUC1, S100A8, and S100A9 were identified as key hub genes involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Besides, upregulation of the T cell receptor signaling pathway was considered to be associated with susceptibility of the skin in NSV patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study reveals several potential pathways and related genes involved in NSV using integrated bioinformatics methods. It might provide references for targeted strategies for NSV.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"464-472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000511893","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38697977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toe Web Infection: Epidemiology and Risk Factors in a Large Cohort Study.","authors":"Michal Solomon,&nbsp;Hila Greenbaum,&nbsp;Avner Shemer,&nbsp;Aviv Barzilai,&nbsp;Sharon Baum","doi":"10.1159/000510540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000510540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Toe web infection (TWI) is a bacterial infection of the interdigital space. In most cases, the infection is caused by gram-negative bacteria, secondary to a chronic fungal infection (dermatophytosis). The typical presentation includes macerations and erosions in the interdigital space. Predisposing factors include interdigital tinea, hyperhidrosis, and humidity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to characterize the TWI patient population and identify associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with TWI from 2006 to 2020 at Sheba Medical Center, Israel. Collected data included patients' demographics (age, sex, weight, and occupation), smoking pack-years, comorbidities, medications, and course of disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 200 patients were diagnosed with TWI. The median age at diagnosis was 51 years. The majority of the patients were men (72.5%). The most common comorbidities were dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease. We found that 71.2% of patients were smokers, and 46.4% of patients had occupations that required closed-toe shoes. TWI incidence did not increase seasonally. Bilateral TWI was found in 50% of the patients, 33% had recurrent infections, and 20% had secondary cellulitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking and diabetes were more prevalent among TWI patients than in the general population, and there was a correlation between smoking and TWI recurrences. We identified risk factors for TWI to identify at-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":144585,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"902-906"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000510540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40544508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}