International Scholarly Research Notices最新文献_第9页

Effectiveness of a Nutrition Education Program to Improve Children's Chewing Habits. 改善儿童咀嚼习惯的营养教育计划的有效性。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2016-03-10 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4304265

Nanae Sato, Fumi Hayashi, Nobuo Yoshiike

{"title":"Effectiveness of a Nutrition Education Program to Improve Children's Chewing Habits.","authors":"Nanae Sato, Fumi Hayashi, Nobuo Yoshiike","doi":"10.1155/2016/4304265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4304265","url":null,"abstract":"This quasi-experimental study determined whether the nutrition education program we developed to promote chewing food properly influenced children's chewing habits successfully. Four kindergarten classes in Japan (150 children, aged 5-6 years) were studied; one class received the educational program in the classroom and at home (Group A) and three classes received the program in the classroom only (Group B). The educational program was integrated into the classes' daily curriculum for five weeks. It included storytelling with large picture books, chewing consciously while eating lunch, singing a song with gestures, and greetings before and after meals (both groups). Group A also used a paper textbook and was provided information by the leaflet to encourage guardians to implement the program at home. Chewing habits before and after intervention were evaluated: (1) guardians completed seven questionnaire items related to chewing habits and chewing movement and (2) the number of chews and time spent eating the test meal were measured by a portable chewing sensor. Both approaches improved the children's chewing habits; however, no difference was found between the two groups. We concluded that this intervention could be used to improve chewing habits in young children even without active involvement of their guardians. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2016 ","pages":"4304265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/4304265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34704853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Exchange Transfusion for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 2006 to 2011. 2006年至2011年南非约翰内斯堡新生儿高胆红素血症交换输血

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2016-02-29 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1268149

Daynia E Ballot, Gilbert Rugamba

{"title":"Exchange Transfusion for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 2006 to 2011.","authors":"Daynia E Ballot, Gilbert Rugamba","doi":"10.1155/2016/1268149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1268149","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Severe hyperbilirubinaemia requiring exchange transfusion has become less common in recent years; however, kernicterus still occurs. The aim of this study was to review babies undergoing exchange transfusion for severe hyperbilirubinaemia in a Johannesburg hospital. Methodology. This was a retrospective review of babies who required exchange transfusion in both the neonatal and the paediatric wards from June 1, 2006, to December 31, 2011. Results. There were 64 patients who underwent 67 exchange transfusions. Isoimmune haemolysis (both Rh and ABO incompatibility) was the cause of jaundice in 9/64 (14%). Most babies who underwent exchange transfusion were sick or preterm and were admitted in hospital after birth (38/64; 59.5%); three of these babies died, but not during the exchange transfusion (3/38; 7.9%); all three had signs suggestive of neonatal sepsis. The remaining 26 babies (40.6%) were readmitted to the paediatric wards for exchange transfusion. Six of these babies (6/26; 23.0%) had signs of kernicterus. The most significant complication of exchange transfusion was apnoea requiring mechanical ventilation in three patients (3/64; 4.6%). Conclusion. Despite a relatively low number of babies undergoing exchange transfusion, kernicterus still occurs and must be prevented. Proper protocols for screening and management of severe hyperbilirubinaemia need to be enforced. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2016 ","pages":"1268149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/1268149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34704851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Traditional Cosmetics Sold in Tunisian Local Markets. 突尼斯当地市场销售的传统化妆品中重金属的健康风险评估

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2016-02-22 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6296458

Mohamed Anouar Nouioui, Salah Mahjoubi, Asma Ghorbel, Marouen Ben Haj Yahia, Dorra Amira, Hayet Ghorbel, Abderrazek Hedhili

{"title":"Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Traditional Cosmetics Sold in Tunisian Local Markets.","authors":"Mohamed Anouar Nouioui, Salah Mahjoubi, Asma Ghorbel, Marouen Ben Haj Yahia, Dorra Amira, Hayet Ghorbel, Abderrazek Hedhili","doi":"10.1155/2016/6296458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6296458","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken in order to determine heavy metal contents in twelve (n = 12) henna brands and eleven (n = 11) kohl products. An analytical test was performed for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in henna and kohl products using atomic absorption spectrophotometery. The overall mean concentrations of heavy metals in henna varied between 1.2 and 8.9 μg g(-1) for Pb; 0.8 and 18.6 μg g(-1) for Cd; 0.5 μg g(-1) and 3.3 μg g(-1) for Cu; and 3.7 μg g(-1) and 90.0 μg g(-1) for Zn. As for kohl products, Pb concentrations ranged between 51.1 μg g(-1) and 4839.5 μg g(-1), Cd concentrations ranged between 1.0 μg g(-1) and 158.6 μg g(-1), Cu concentrations ranged between 2.5 μg g(-1) and 162.5 μg g(-1), and Zn concentrations ranged between 0.7 μg g(-1) and 185.0 μg g(-1). The results of our study revealed that Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn contents in investigated samples were high, making from the prolonged use of such products a potential threat to human health. Therefore, major quality controls are recommended in order to enforce acceptable limits of potential contaminants in cosmetics and good manufacturing practice. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2016 ","pages":"6296458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/6296458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34704856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Appraisals of Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants Used by Folk Medicine Practitioners in the Prevention and Management of Malignant Neoplastic Diseases. 对孟加拉国民间医师在预防和治疗恶性肿瘤疾病中使用的药用植物的评估》（Appraisals of Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants Used by Folk Medicine Practitioners in the Prevention and Management of Malignant Neoplastic Diseases）。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2016-01-14 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7832120

Md Nur Kabidul Azam, Md Mizanur Rahman, Samanta Biswas, Md Nasir Ahmed

{"title":"Appraisals of Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants Used by Folk Medicine Practitioners in the Prevention and Management of Malignant Neoplastic Diseases.","authors":"Md Nur Kabidul Azam, Md Mizanur Rahman, Samanta Biswas, Md Nasir Ahmed","doi":"10.1155/2016/7832120","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2016/7832120","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a group of diseases which is categorized to differentiate into diverse cell types and move around in the body to sites of organogenesis that is key to the process of tumor genesis. All types of cancer fall into the group of malignant neoplastic diseases. In Bangladesh, cancer is now one of the foremost killer diseases and its personal, social, and economic bearing are huge. Plant-derived natural compounds (vincristine, vinblastine, etoposide, paclitaxel, camptothecin, topotecan, and irinotecan) are useful for the treatment of cancer. Since there is no extensive ethnobotanical research study in Bangladesh regarding the traditional uses of medicinal plants against neoplasms, therefore, a randomized ethnopharmacological surveys were carried out in 3 districts of Bangladesh to learn more about the usage of anticancer medicinal plants and their chemical constituents having antineoplastic activity. Comprehensive interviews were conducted to the folk medicine practitioners and medicinal plants as pointed out by them were photographed, collected, deposited, and identified at the Bangladesh National Herbarium. The various plant parts have been used by the healers which included whole plant, leaves, fruits, barks, roots, and seeds. This study evaluated considerable potential for discovery of novel compounds with less side effects in the management and prevention of malignancy in cancer. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2016 ","pages":"7832120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4897194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34704857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Response of a Rigid Pavement Plate Based on an Inertial Soil. 基于惯性土的刚性路面板动力响应。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2016-01-10 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4975345

Mohamed Gibigaye, Crespin Prudence Yabi, I Ezéchiel Alloba

{"title":"Dynamic Response of a Rigid Pavement Plate Based on an Inertial Soil.","authors":"Mohamed Gibigaye, Crespin Prudence Yabi, I Ezéchiel Alloba","doi":"10.1155/2016/4975345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4975345","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the dynamic response of a pavement plate resting on a soil whose inertia is taken into account in the design of pavements by rational methods. Thus, the pavement is modeled as a thin plate with finite dimensions, supported longitudinally by dowels and laterally by tie bars. The subgrade is modeled via Pasternak-Vlasov type (three-parameter type) foundation models and the moving traffic load is expressed as a concentrated dynamic load of harmonically varying magnitude, moving straight along the plate with a constant acceleration. The governing equation of the problem is solved using the modified Bolotin method for determining the natural frequencies and the wavenumbers of the system. The orthogonal properties of eigenfunctions are used to find the general solution of the problem. Considering the load over the center of the plate, the results showed that the deflections of the plate are maximum about the middle of the plate but are not null at its edges. It is therefore observed that the deflection decreased 18.33 percent when the inertia of the soil is taken into account. This result shows the possible economic gain when taking into account the inertia of soil in pavement dynamic design. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2016 ","pages":"4975345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/4975345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34704854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Antibacterial Effect and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Temporary Restorative Material Containing Antibacterial Agents. 含抗菌剂临时修复材料的抗菌效果及物理力学性能。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2015-12-29 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2015/697197

Amanda Mahammad Mushashe, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga, Paulo Henrique Tomazinho, Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha, Denise Piotto Leonardi, Janes Francio Pissaia, Gisele Maria Correr

{"title":"Antibacterial Effect and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Temporary Restorative Material Containing Antibacterial Agents.","authors":"Amanda Mahammad Mushashe, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga, Paulo Henrique Tomazinho, Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha, Denise Piotto Leonardi, Janes Francio Pissaia, Gisele Maria Correr","doi":"10.1155/2015/697197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/697197","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. For the maintenance of the aseptic chain created during the treatment the coronal sealing becomes paramount. Aim. Evaluating the antibacterial effect and the physical-mechanical properties of a temporary restorative material containing different antibacterial agents. Material and Methods. Two antibacterial agents (triclosan and chloramine T) were manually added to a temporary restorative material used as base (Coltosol). The antibacterial action of the material was analyzed using the agar diffusion method, in pure cultures of Escherichia coli (ATCC BAA-2336) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 11632) and mixed culture of saliva collection. The microleakage rate was analyzed using bovine teeth, previously restored with the materials, and submitted to thermocycling, in a solution of 0.5% methylene blue, for a period of 24 hours. The physical and mechanical properties of the materials analyzed were setting time, water sorption, solubility, and compression strength. Results. No marginal leakage was observed for all groups. There was no statistical significant difference in antimicrobial activity, setting time, water sorption, solubility, and compression strength among the materials. Conclusion. The addition of antibacterial agents on a temporary restorative material did not optimize the antibacterial ability of the material and also did not change its physical-mechanical properties. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2015 ","pages":"697197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/697197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34504646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Contribution of Ebullition to Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emission from Water between Plant Rows in a Tropical Rice Paddy Field. 热带稻田植物行间水的沸腾对甲烷和二氧化碳排放的贡献。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2015-12-29 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2015/623901

Shujiro Komiya, Kosuke Noborio, Kentaro Katano, Tiwa Pakoktom, Meechai Siangliw, Theerayut Toojinda

{"title":"Contribution of Ebullition to Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emission from Water between Plant Rows in a Tropical Rice Paddy Field.","authors":"Shujiro Komiya, Kosuke Noborio, Kentaro Katano, Tiwa Pakoktom, Meechai Siangliw, Theerayut Toojinda","doi":"10.1155/2015/623901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/623901","url":null,"abstract":"Although bubble ebullition through water in rice paddy fields dominates direct methane (CH4) emissions from paddy soil to the atmosphere in tropical regions, the temporal changes and regulating factors of this ebullition are poorly understood. Bubbles in a submerged paddy soil also contain high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), implying that CO2 ebullition may occur in addition to CH4 ebullition. We investigated the dynamics of CH4 and CO2 ebullition in tropical rice paddy fields using an automated closed chamber installed between rice plants. Abrupt increases in CH4 concentrations occurred by bubble ebullition. The CO2 concentration in the chamber air suddenly increased at the same time, which indicated that CO2 ebullition was also occurring. The CH4 and CO2 emissions by bubble ebullition were correlated with falling atmospheric pressure and increasing soil surface temperature. The relative contribution of CH4 and CO2 ebullitions to the daily total emissions was 95-97% and 13-35%, respectively. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2015 ","pages":"623901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/623901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34614261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Prevalence of Self-Reported Food Allergy in Lebanon: A Middle-Eastern Taste. 自我报告的食物过敏在黎巴嫩的流行:中东的味道。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2015-12-16 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2015/639796

C Irani, G Maalouly

{"title":"Prevalence of Self-Reported Food Allergy in Lebanon: A Middle-Eastern Taste.","authors":"C Irani, G Maalouly","doi":"10.1155/2015/639796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/639796","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Food allergy (FA) is an important health problem in Western countries but there is limited data on the prevalence of food allergy in the Middle East. The main objective of our study is to assess the prevalence of self-reported food allergy in Lebanon. Methods. The survey was conducted by Telephone Calls questionnaire through random selection of landline phone numbers from the white pages all over Lebanon. A study questionnaire addressing the main objectives of the study was filled during the telephone call conversation. Results. Food allergy prevalence is estimated to be 4.1% in infants and children and 3.2% in adults. 65% of patients suffering from food allergy are females and 35% are males. Skin reactions are the most common symptoms among food allergy sufferers, reported in 86% of the cases. Signs of anaphylaxis appeared in 10.8% of cases. Fruits were the most common allergens at 35%, followed by eggs (19%) and nuts (16%). Cow's milk and spices ranked fourth (14%). Only half of food allergy sufferers sought medical advice. Allergists, dermatologists, gastroenterologists, or GPs (general practitioners) were consulted. Blood testing for specific IgE was the main diagnostic tool used by physicians. Conclusion. This is a pilot study of self-reported food allergy prevalence in Lebanon based on telephone survey. General prevalence is estimated to be 4.1% in infants and children and 3.2% in adults. Our study may improve awareness for proper diagnosis, food elimination, and acquisition of epinephrine autoinjectors in this part of the world. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2015 ","pages":"639796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/639796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34614263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Caregiver Preferences regarding Technology's Role in Supporting Adolescent Weight Management. 照顾者偏好与科技在青少年体重管理中的作用。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2015-11-26 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2015/153723

Josette M Bianchi-Hayes, Elinor R Schoenfeld, Rosa Cataldo, Jiayu Huang, Susmita Pati

{"title":"Caregiver Preferences regarding Technology's Role in Supporting Adolescent Weight Management.","authors":"Josette M Bianchi-Hayes, Elinor R Schoenfeld, Rosa Cataldo, Jiayu Huang, Susmita Pati","doi":"10.1155/2015/153723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/153723","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Health technology provides a wealth of strategies to address chronic health issues, such as childhood obesity. Few studies have assessed parental preferences regarding use of health technology to support weight management for adolescents. Objective. This study determined caregiver beliefs, attitudes, and practices towards using traditional methods and technology-based health applications to address weight management among overweight adolescents. Methods. Self-administered surveys were distributed to caregivers of children ages 11-18 years in Stony Brook Children's Hospital outpatient offices with a BMI ≥ 85th percentile for age, gender. The data were entered into StudyTrax research platform and analyzed using SAS. Results. N = 114. Mean BMI z-score = 1.95 ± 0.50. Two-thirds (65.8%) of caregivers preferred a weight management program that includes both traditional and technology components. Most parents rated involvement in program development (68.1%), access to content (72.4%) as very important. Those who believed their child's weight was a problem (p = 0.01) were more likely than other parents to prefer a program that combined both traditional and technology components. Conclusions. Parents' perceptions of their child's weight drove preferences about incorporating technology elements into a weight management program. Future weight management programs should incorporate parental content preferences and be tailored to different age groups. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2015 ","pages":"153723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/153723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34613403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Isolation of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Using Indigenous Chicken Embryos in Kenya. 利用肯尼亚本地鸡胚分离传染性法氏囊病病毒。

International Scholarly Research Notices Pub Date : 2015-11-23 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2015/464376

W U Mutinda, L W Njagi, P N Nyaga, L C Bebora, P G Mbuthia, D Kemboi, J W K Githinji, A Muriuki

{"title":"Isolation of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Using Indigenous Chicken Embryos in Kenya.","authors":"W U Mutinda, L W Njagi, P N Nyaga, L C Bebora, P G Mbuthia, D Kemboi, J W K Githinji, A Muriuki","doi":"10.1155/2015/464376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/464376","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates were recovered from outbreaks to initiate activities towards developing a local vaccine strain. Use of indigenous chicken embryos was exploited to determine their potential, promote utilization of local resources for research, and enhance household economic activities. Bursa of Fabricius (BFs) samples from outbreaks shown to be IBDV positive was homogenized and inoculated in 4-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) IBDV seronegative white leghorn chicks. The harvested virus was inoculated into 11-day-old indigenous chicken embryos that were IBDV seronegative and passaged serially three times after which they were inoculated into 4-week-old indigenous chicks to test for presence and virulence of propagated virus. Out of 153 BFs collected from outbreaks, 43.8% (67/153) were positive for IBDV antigen and 65.7% (44/67) caused disease in SPF chicks. The embryo mean mortalities were 88% on primary inoculation, 94% in 1st passage, 91% in 2nd passage, and 67% in 3rd passage. After the third passage in embryos all the 44 isolates were virulent in 4-week-old indigenous chicks. The results show that indigenous chicken embryos support growth of IBDV and can be used to propagate the virus as an alternative viral propagating tool for respective vaccine preparation. ","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"2015 ","pages":"464376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/464376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34677967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11