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Local Economic and Employment Development最新文献

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Towards an Analytical Framework for Policy Development 制定政策的分析框架
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264044104-3-EN
Jay Mitra
{"title":"Towards an Analytical Framework for Policy Development","authors":"Jay Mitra","doi":"10.1787/9789264044104-3-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264044104-3-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This introductory chapter provides an analytical framework for developing policies to promote entrepreneurship in higher education. It addresses two themes essential to the role of higher education institutions (HEIs): \"knowledge transfer\" and \"entrepreneurship education and training\". The chapter offers key reasons for fostering entrepreneurship in HEIs, and the nature, type and scope of entrepreneurship that can help to add value to both HEIs and the wider economy. There is a detailed and analytical account of some of the underpinning philosophies that have influenced current thinking on entrepreneurship education and its direct and indirect manifestations, such as technology transfer mechanisms and academic spinoffs. The chapter also considers the crucial issue of the context in which various developments take shape. This analysis forms the basis for developing a framework within which policy can be created to help foster entrepreneurship in universities.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125638858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
From Welfare-to-work to Welfare-in-work: Concepts and Policies 从工作福利到工作福利:概念与政策
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264012516-4-EN
Corinne Nativel
{"title":"From Welfare-to-work to Welfare-in-work: Concepts and Policies","authors":"Corinne Nativel","doi":"10.1787/9789264012516-4-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264012516-4-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the challenges facing OECD member countries in their drive to upgrade the skills of those workers who have come to be described as \"the working poor\". It argues that the attempt to move from \"welfare-to-work\" to \"welfare-in-work\" policies must incorporate spatial considerations to ensure that efforts are directed at those workers and companies that need it most.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125979608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Benchmarking Entrepreneurship Education across US, Canadian and Danish Universities 美国、加拿大和丹麦大学创业教育的标杆分析
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264044104-8-en
Anders N. Hoffmann, Niels May Vibholt, M. Larsen
{"title":"Benchmarking Entrepreneurship Education across US, Canadian and Danish Universities","authors":"Anders N. Hoffmann, Niels May Vibholt, M. Larsen","doi":"10.1787/9789264044104-8-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264044104-8-en","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents a benchmark study of entrepreneurship education at 27 universities – ten in the United States, ten in Canada, and seven in Denmark – that was conducted in 2003-04. A general method for benchmarking entrepreneurship education activities at university level has been constructed and applied in the study. The method allows for a quantification of the scope of entrepreneurship education. The study illustrates significant differences in both the breadth and depth of entrepreneurship education in Denmark versus the United States and Canada. US universities have a wider variety of entrepreneurship programmes and classes, and they have by far the largest proportion of students attending them. Given a clear dearth of entrepreneurship education at Danish universities relative to their US and Canadian counterparts, the chapter points to lessons for policy makers and universities.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127978447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Evaluating Training Programs: Impacts at the Local Level 评估培训计划:在地方层面的影响
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264017092-12-EN
R. Eberts, C. O’Leary
{"title":"Evaluating Training Programs: Impacts at the Local Level","authors":"R. Eberts, C. O’Leary","doi":"10.1787/9789264017092-12-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264017092-12-EN","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluations are an integral part of many of the public job training programs in the United States. Since the 1960s, considerable time and resources have been devoted to better understanding the impacts of employment and training programs. Indeed, many advances in techniques for evaluating social programs were developed in the course of studies into...","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131718416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Experience of Public-private Partnerships in Financing Entrepreneurship in Eastern Germany and Poland 东德和波兰公私伙伴关系为创业融资的经验
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264038523-12-EN
H. Kuhle
{"title":"The Experience of Public-private Partnerships in Financing Entrepreneurship in Eastern Germany and Poland","authors":"H. Kuhle","doi":"10.1787/9789264038523-12-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264038523-12-EN","url":null,"abstract":"Public-private partnerships (PPPs) bringing together local authorities, the financial sector and non-profit organisations to optimise financing schemes are efficient ways to foster entrepreneurship locally. PPPs provide support mechanisms that are simple, easily accessible by small businesses and tailored to their needs. For the public sector, the partnership with the private sector thus achieves high leverage. It also allows limited public funds to be used more efficiently, essentially matching microlending for entrepreneurs, mainstream SMEs and entrepreneurial growth companies with guarantees. The public sector further contributes through improving the legal framework to facilitate fundraising and lending by micro credit institutions. However, PPP is a governance tool that requires strong local leadership from the public sector, which should be seen as a facilitator and catalyst.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133475121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Evaluating Business Assistance Programs 评估商业援助计划
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264017092-11-EN
E. Oldsman, Kris Hallerg
{"title":"Evaluating Business Assistance Programs","authors":"E. Oldsman, Kris Hallerg","doi":"10.1787/9789264017092-11-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264017092-11-EN","url":null,"abstract":"Governments around the world are supporting a wide range of business assistance programs that aim to promote the development of private firms, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Despite the level of resources committed to these programs, there has been relatively little effort devoted to determining whether these programs have indeed been successful...","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133273424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
New York City Career Pathways: Skills Strategies for Low-paid Immigrants 纽约市职业道路:低收入移民的技能策略
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264066649-9-EN
L. Grossman
{"title":"New York City Career Pathways: Skills Strategies for Low-paid Immigrants","authors":"L. Grossman","doi":"10.1787/9789264066649-9-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264066649-9-EN","url":null,"abstract":"Immigrants in New York City (NYC) are integral players in the local economy, representing 46% of the city’s existing labour force. Recent immigrants to NYC have lower levels of educational attainment overall than native born residents, however, which presents a barrier to labour market entry and advancement. This case study explores how City University of New York colleges and their partners (including employers, public agencies and unions), are attempting to upgrade unemployed or low-wage immigrant workers’ skills through several career pathways models in the health, hospitality and retail sectors.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127244451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Choctaw tribe of Mississippi: managing skills for workforce transformation 密西西比州乔克托族:劳动力转型的管理技能
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264066649-6-EN
R. Phillips
{"title":"The Choctaw tribe of Mississippi: managing skills for workforce transformation","authors":"R. Phillips","doi":"10.1787/9789264066649-6-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264066649-6-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians (MBCI) provides a case study for the development of local workforce skill strategies to address high rates of unemployment, poverty, and the lack of employment opportunities in a rural area. The MBCI has approached skill development by using a method of self-reliance and selfdetermination as well as participating with other organisations for collaborative partnerships. The results have been remarkable, with poverty and unemployment rates dropping significantly since the early 1970’s from highs of 80% to a low of 2% in 2007. The focus for workforce development is on technology intensive manufacturing as well as the hospitality industry, aimed at upgrading the skills of workers, while also training those without skills. The emphasis is also on tribally-owned and managed enterprises to foster self-reliance.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123531134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Small- and medium-sized Enterprises 中小企业
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264034860-6-EN
D. Walburn
{"title":"Small- and medium-sized Enterprises","authors":"D. Walburn","doi":"10.1787/9789264034860-6-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264034860-6-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter concentrates on the practical experience of London in seeking to leverage commercial funds into small firm support policies for access to finance, provision of good quality accommodation and micro business development...","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123551939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 133
Community Capacity Building and Social Policy: Health, Housing and Community Regeneration 社区能力建设和社会政策:卫生、住房和社区重建
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264073302-3-EN
G. Craig
{"title":"Community Capacity Building and Social Policy: Health, Housing and Community Regeneration","authors":"G. Craig","doi":"10.1787/9789264073302-3-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264073302-3-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the way in which the practice of community capacity building can be understood in the context of social development generally, and within the welfare sectors of housing, health and community regeneration particularly. Whilst the context of community capacity building varies from one sector to another, from the entrenched power of health professionals vis-a-vis the \"community\" of health users to a longer history of debate within housing work, a range of common issues emerges from examining practice in these sectors. Drawing broadly on examples from OECD member countries in the three areas of social policy identified, this chapter explores these issues including the confusing use of language, the disparate power held by statutory partners as compared to the community when negotiating over building capacity, and a range of internal and external factors which promote, or impede, community capacity building.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128598858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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