Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate最新文献

The General Strike and the Specter of Anarchism in the German “Mass Strike Debate” 德国 "大罢工辩论 "中的总罢工和无政府主义幽灵

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39691

Gabriel Paxton

{"title":"The General Strike and the Specter of Anarchism in the German “Mass Strike Debate”","authors":"Gabriel Paxton","doi":"10.25071/1913-9632.39691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25071/1913-9632.39691","url":null,"abstract":"In the quarter century before the outbreak of the Great War in 1914, German Social Democrats engaged in strenuous disputes about the most effective forms of political action. Central to this debate was the question of the utility of the “political mass strike,” a widespread work stoppage intended to achieve a political rather than an economic end, and potentially also to heighten workers’ consciousness of their political power. An aspect of the mass strike debate that has received less systematic attention is the role of anti-anarchist rhetoric, in particular regarding the “general strike,” in shaping the development of this intra-party conflict. Throughout the mass strike debate, German Social Democrats frequently came to explain their own ideology through the prism of their antipathy to anarchism. In associating the political mass strike with the anarchist general strike, Social Democratic reformists stigmatized the radicals in their own ranks who advocated the cultivation of workers’ revolutionary sentiments. On the other side, proponents of the political mass strike, such as Rosa Luxemburg, accused party moderates of succumbing, like anarchists, to a bourgeois mindset. Thus, throughout the Social Democrats’ mass strike debate, the accusation that one’s opponents adhered to an anarchist deviation from correct Marxist thought served as a tool to delegitimize their perspective. Insisting on the complete irrationality and folly of anarchists, and attributing to Socialist opponents those same failures, made the conflict sharper and more acrimonious, and less amenable to resolution, as it went to core issues of socialist identity.","PeriodicalId":143418,"journal":{"name":"Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agrarian Reforms, Modes of Production and Farm Bills 2020 in Punjab 旁遮普省的土地改革、生产方式和 2020 年农业法案

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39693

Simranjeet Kaur

引用次数: 0

‘Messiah of the Masses and Prophet of the Proletariat’: Reexamining Eugene Debs in the Framework of Spiritual Socialism 群众的救世主和无产阶级的先知"：在精神社会主义框架内重新审视尤金-德布斯

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39692

Elun Gabriel

{"title":"‘Messiah of the Masses and Prophet of the Proletariat’: Reexamining Eugene Debs in the Framework of Spiritual Socialism","authors":"Elun Gabriel","doi":"10.25071/1913-9632.39692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25071/1913-9632.39692","url":null,"abstract":"The following paper is concerned with the role that Christianity played in the discourse, life, and campaign of the prominent American socialist, Eugene Debs. Considering that socialism in the United States is often deemed impossible due to a myriad of factors—a prominent one being the underlying Protestant ethos of the state—Debs’ campaigns earned unprecedented support for the presidency in 1904, 1908, 1912, and 1920. I contend that Debs’ presidential campaigns offer a unique case for exploring the reconciliation of a secular socialist program with the Protestant and individualistic ethos of American society. Though an avowed secularist, it is well documented that Debs’ admired the historical Jesus, and he notably challenged the alignment of the Protestant Churches with industrial capitalism at the turn of the twentieth century. Using first and secondhand documentation on Debs’ campaigns, this paper proposes that Debs’ presentation of socialism as a necessary and logical expression of Christianity was important for overcoming the ideational barrier that Protestant Christianity poses for socialist candidates in the US. Where scholars like Jacob Dorn contend that Debs was effective at overcoming the “either-or” thinking that often plagues orthodox socialism, I contend that Debs’ appeal to a Jesus-centered Christianity importantly presented a new “either-or” maxim, where Christians were faced with choosing between capitalist Churchianity, or true Christianity. ","PeriodicalId":143418,"journal":{"name":"Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emma Goldman and the United States: The History of a Love-Hate Relationship 《艾玛·戈德曼与美国:爱恨情仇的历史》

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39673

F. Jacob

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引用次数: 0

Radical Americas: A Hemispheric History of the Left 激进的美国:左半球的历史

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39672

Spencer Beswick

{"title":"Radical Americas: A Hemispheric History of the Left","authors":"Spencer Beswick","doi":"10.25071/1913-9632.39672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25071/1913-9632.39672","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that a transnational methodological approach is crucial to understanding the development of the radical Left across the hemisphere throughout the twentieth century. Historical accounts of the Left in the Americas typically divide their subject according to temporal, geographic, and ideological boundaries. This approach accentuates ruptures and ideological divisions while underemphasizing underlying continuities and broader historical trends. By synthesizing a hemispheric history of the Left in a new periodization that stretches from early regional anarchist networks through the rise and fall of the Pink Tide, this article demonstrates how a transnational approach enables a richer understanding of the historical developments underlying recent social movements and political upheavals. An emphasis on transnational networks encourages readers to identify not with our imperialist government but rather with alternative histories of grassroots solidarity and cooperation across borders. This framework provides a mode of engagement that decenters the importance of nation-states and focuses instead on the actions of ordinary people struggling to build a new world.","PeriodicalId":143418,"journal":{"name":"Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131591624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aditya Pratap Deo, Kings, Spirits and Memor y in Central India: Enchanting the State (London, New York: Routledge, South Asia Edition, 2022) Aditya Pratap Deo，印度中部的国王，精神和记忆:迷人的国家(伦敦，纽约:劳特利奇，南亚版，2022)

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39675

T. Dutta

引用次数: 0

Rachel Emma Rothschild, Poisonous Skies: Acid Rain and the Globalization of Pollution (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2019) 瑞秋·艾玛·罗斯柴尔德:《有毒的天空:酸雨和污染的全球化》(芝加哥:芝加哥大学出版社，2019年)

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39676

Esther Van't Veen

引用次数: 0

How to Remake the World: The Radical Life of Francis Jennings 如何重塑世界:弗朗西斯·詹宁斯的激进生活

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39674

Nicholas Toloudis

{"title":"How to Remake the World: The Radical Life of Francis Jennings","authors":"Nicholas Toloudis","doi":"10.25071/1913-9632.39674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25071/1913-9632.39674","url":null,"abstract":"This article places the historian Francis Jennings’ life in political history. Before becoming a professional historian, Jennings was a high school history teacher and a card-carrying member of the Communist Party. The connective tissue that bound Jennings’ high school teaching career to his career as a professional historian was not the history, but the politics. This article argues that Jennings’ experiences with Communism and anti-Communism profoundly shaped the way he understood the relationship between politics and history. Jennings the historian believed in a sharp division between academic history and political action. This perspective was a consequence of his repudiation of something that Communism and Truman-era anti-Communism had in common: the insistence by authorities—governmental and revolutionary—that politics could not be meaningfully separated from any other facet of life. Jennings’ willingness to toe the Party line and his subsequent HUAC testimony led him to see politics as a realm of lies and deceit. This led to an outlook quite different from the “radical historians” of the mid-to-late Cold War years. Rather than espouse a Marxist understanding of historical progress and conflict, or embrace post-structural or Foucauldian ideas, Jennings rejected any positive association between politics and professional history. In making this case, this article thereby complicates standard narratives about both American Communists and the “radical” American historians of the twentieth century who broke with consensus history.","PeriodicalId":143418,"journal":{"name":"Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116600250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fenians Over the Niagara: Irish Nationalism and Rebellion in Nineteenth Century Buffalo, NY 尼加拉河上的芬尼亚人:19世纪纽约布法罗的爱尔兰民族主义和叛乱

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39671

Erin Barr

{"title":"Fenians Over the Niagara: Irish Nationalism and Rebellion in Nineteenth Century Buffalo, NY","authors":"Erin Barr","doi":"10.25071/1913-9632.39671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25071/1913-9632.39671","url":null,"abstract":"After the American Civil War, the United States faced yet another political crisis. Rather than being caused by slavery, this crisis was brought about by an international radical political group: the Fenians. Famous in the annals of Irish history, the Fenians were the embodiment of pro-independence radical Irish politics during the mid-to-late nineteenth century. Moreover, the Fenians found popularity among America’s newly arrived Irish inhabitants. In 1866, years of fund raising, meeting, and planning culminated when a group of roughly two-thousand Irish-Americans crossed the Niagara River from Buffalo, NY to Fort Erie, Canada with the goal of seizing the Welland Battery, and Fort Erie itself. This invasion, which was meant to help bring about Irish independence by capturing British-controlled Canada, failed. While some escaped, those captured in Canada were tried for their crimes and sentenced to either imprisonment to execution. American Fenians who escaped into American territory continued their efforts into the 1880s. \u0000 These little-known events represent the degree to which Irish political culture crossed the Atlantic and thrived among the American-Irish. This study examines radical Irish political activity in Buffalo, NY in the decades before the Fenian Raids, and analyses their aftermath. While studies of American immigrant political culture are most often concerned with organized labor and political graft, Irish immigrants saw themselves as a part of a larger international “Irish Nation,” and saw little conflict between their dual identities, and used their geographic proximity to a major British territory to their advantage.","PeriodicalId":143418,"journal":{"name":"Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132743514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Max Ko-wu Huang, Above and Apart: Gu Mengyu and His Search for an Alternative Path in Modern Chinese History (Hong Kong: The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press, 2020) 黄国武:《高高在上:顾孟玉及其对中国近代史另类路径的探索》(香港:香港中文大学出版社，2020)

Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.25071/1913-9632.39663

Y. Zeng

引用次数: 0