International Journal of Plant & Soil Science最新文献

{"title":"Bee Forage Tree Resources for Wild Honeybees: A Case Study from Kodagu's Sacred Groves and Coffee Agroecosystems","authors":"Akash Sangappa Neelagund, RN Kencharaddi, Chandrashekar S. Y, K. S. Krishna, G.S. Hikku","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i15277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i15277","url":null,"abstract":"Wild honeybee populations are fundamental to biodiversity conservation and agricultural productivity, particularly as pollinators in tropical regions. This study investigated the diversity and seasonal availability of bee forage trees within sacred groves and coffee agro ecosystems in Kodagu, Karnataka, a biodiversity-rich area in the Western Ghats. Sacred groves, protected for cultural reasons, feature high floral diversity, providing continuous nectar and pollen resources, crucial for wild bee populations throughout the year. In contrast, coffee plantations, particularly in semi-evergreen systems, offer valuable yet seasonally limited forage, supplemented by selective native tree retention. By integrating traditional ecological knowledge associated with sacred groves and modern conservation practices, the research highlights how culturally protected landscapes contribute to year-round floral resources, crucial for sustaining wild bee populations. Sacred groves were found to consistently surpass coffee plantations in floral diversity and forage stability, particularly in semi-evergreen groves, which recorded the highest diversity and richness (H' = 3.75, 52 species). In contrast, coffee plantations, enhanced by selective retention of native trees, offer seasonally valuable but limited forage, with moderate diversity (H' = 3.35, 54 species). The study identifies key forage species unique to sacred groves and underscores their role in maintaining ecological resilience. These findings have practical implications for guiding community-based conservation programs, demonstrating that leveraging sacred groves and ecologically managed coffee agroecosystems can effectively balance biodiversity conservation with agricultural productivity. This integrated approach offers a model for sustaining pollinator populations vital to ecosystem health and crop yields.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"37 1","pages":"355-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journalijpss.com/index.php/IJPSS/article/download/5277/10850","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Tall Spindle Planting System of Apple Cultivars at Low, Mid, and High Altitudes of Kulgam District of J&K (UT), India","authors":"Haseeb Ur Rehman, T. Mubarak, Manzoor A. Ganai, Shahid Ahmad Shergojry, Ab Shakoor Khanday","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i15246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i15246","url":null,"abstract":"A study to evaluate the apple tall spindle system located in low, mid, and high altitudes of district Kulgam was undertaken during 2022-23 and 2023-24 covering production, quality, and profitability parameters. The highest average yield/ha (kg) in all apple cultivars was observed in the Qaimoh zone. Average A-grade apple/ha were obtained highest in the Manzgam zone in all studied apple cultivars although the same zone resulted in the lowest average yield/ha (kg). The lowest average B-grade apples/ha in case of Red Chief (2994.15kg), Jeromine (3281.89kg), Red Velox (3759.62kg) and Golden Delicious Reinders (9406.47kg) was obtained under high altitude Manzgam zone while as Redlum Gala performed better in terms of least B-grade apple production as compared to other studied cultivars across zones. Similarly, the maximum C-grade apple (kg/ha) resulted in tall spindle system of low altitude Qaimoh zone followed by Kulgam zone and the least quantity in the Manzgam zone. Red Chief laid in TSS located at low altitude zone resulted in maximum fancy-grade apple (2217kg/ha) whereas, highest fancy-grade apple in Redlum Gala (2033.43kg/ha) and Golden Delicious Reinders(1826.48kg/ha) was obtained in Kulgam zone. Manzgam zone outperformed other zones in terms of average fancy-grade/ha in case of Jeromine (3281.89kg/ha) and Red Velox (2227.93kg/ha). The highest gross return/ha was obtained in Manzgam zone (Rs. 2333051.39) followed by Qaimoh zone (Rs. 2236214.50) and the least in case of Kulgam zone (Rs. 1803882.09). Redlum Gala followed a similar trend with the highest in the Manzgam zone (Rs. 3147745.19/ha) and the minimum in the Kulgam zone (Rs. 2183754.57/ha). In case of Red Velox and Golden Delicious Reinders, low altitude of Kulgam proved to be better sites as far as average gross income/ha is concerned. Jeromine cultivated in Manzgam zone outperformed the same cultivar grown in other zones on an average gross returns/ha basis.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"37 1","pages":"26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journalijpss.com/index.php/IJPSS/article/download/5246/10757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cucumber Mosaic Virus: A Review","authors":"Mukta Joshi, T. K. Narute, Dhanashree Sarnobat","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i244316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i244316","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumber mosaic virus is a member of genus Cucumovirus from the Brommoviridae family known to have a very wide host range and is one of the most prevalent viruses in the globe. The research work of cucumber mosaic virus strains responsible for various diseases in vegetable and pulse crops; ornamentals, medicinal and aromatic plants and weeds reported in world from last 71 years (1951–2022) have been reviewed in this article. It includes historical background, taxonomy and classification, Geographical distribution, Host range and virus propagation, Virus Structure and Genome organization, Replication, Movement, survey, symptomatology, Insect transmission, Evolution and Management. The mode of spread of the diseases in nature through insect vectors, search of alternate hosts/reservoirs and diagnostics methods for sensitive detection of the viruses at early stages of infection in plants and in propagating materials are important factors to study virus and disease epidemiology. These reviews summarised in this article focused on the epidemic nature of CMV, their capability to infect a variety of economically important plants and proper identification and designing the effective management strategies which would help to strengthen the understanding of the researchers and students in particular discipline help to design the management strategies.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"35 24","pages":"253-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journalijpss.com/index.php/IJPSS/article/download/4316/8529","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Technosols in Dumpsites of Enugu Urban Southeastern, Nigeria","authors":"Martin Atu Ngozika Anikwe, Cynthia Kosiso Anigbo","doi":"10.3923/ijss.2023.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/ijss.2023.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84008367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Quality of Dual-purpose Wheat Stored","authors":"G. R. Rodolfo, Clovis Arruda De Souza","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330848","url":null,"abstract":"Defoliation may interfere in the sink-source relationship and influence the technological quality of wheat flour. This study aimed to confirm the effects of plant cutting heights and number of cuttings on the technological wheat flour quality of BRS Umbu and BRS Tarumã cultivars after six months of storage. A completely randomized design was used and treatments consisted of a combination of cutting heights (20 and 30 cm) and number of cuttings (no cutting, 1, 2 and 3 cuttings), resulting in the following treatments: 20/1, 20/2, 20/3 30/1, 30/2, 30/3 and controls with no cuttings. Grain moisture, crude protein, hectoliter weight, gluten strength, falling number and wet gluten were determined. It was observed the behavior for both cultivars and number of cuts was similar, and it was found that the defoliation height of 30 cm resulted in greater decreases in PH and W values of 2.5 and 25.5% respectively. The results indicate that defoliation does not lead to the evolution of the stored wheat evaluated technological properties and with storage, properties such as W and WG of both cultivars showed a reduction.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82672840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agronomic Yield Performance of Rape and Assessment of Discrimination of Soil Fertilizer Amendments on Genotypic Responses","authors":"Marshal Mayuniyuni, L. Tembo","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330849","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The objectives of the study were to (i) assess agronomic performance of rape (Brassica napus L.) genotypes under different soil amendments and seasons and (ii) identify the most discriminating soil fertilizer amendment on genotypic responses of rape. \u0000Study Design: The experiment was laid as a split plot design with 3 replications in each season. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken in Monze district, southern province, Zambia in winter and summer periods of 2020/2021 cropping season. \u0000Methodology: The soil fertilizer amendment combinations were the main plots and rape varieties (English Giant [ENG], Hobson [HOB] and Rampart [RAM]) were laid as subplots. Giving a total of 54 experimental units per season. The amendments constituted combinations of raw dung type and artificial fertilizer. The quantitative data, on biomass, breadth, height and leaf count were measured at six weeks after transplanting. \u0000Results: Across seasons, soil amendment and genotypic main effects exhibited significantly responses with regards to biomass and leaf count (P = 0.05). Furthermore, the agronomic genotypic performance showed that RAM was the worst performer. The genotypic response to measured agronomic parameters was better in Raw Cow-Dung plus Cow- Dung Ash (RCD + CDA) soil fertilizer amendment than others. Interestingly RCD + CDA was the common discriminating amendment in summer and winter trials. \u0000Conclusion: Rape genotypes performed relatively better in summer than in winter season. The genotype English giant rape and Hobson were better performers across seasons and soil fertilizer amendments. The combination of RCD + CDA was the common discriminating amendment in both summer and winter trials.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75918588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek): Progress in Breeding and Future Challenges","authors":"Adarsh Kumar, P. Yadav, .. Seema, R. Kumar, A. Kushwaha, M. Rashid, N. Tarannum, S. Chakraborty","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330846","url":null,"abstract":"Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is a short duration farmer preferred warm-season pulse crop. The crop has shown a balanced growth worldwide, especially in developing countries. Mungbean being a great source of protein with higher folate and iron levels attracts high demand and price on the market making the farmers happy and satisfied. Moreover, it can fix atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, making it perfect for rice based cropping systems and intercropping with other crops. Despite having so many benefits, mungbean has been a neglected crop compared to other pulses with limited efforts aiming at its breeding and development. Higher productivity, breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses resistance and nutritional quality improvement are future challenges for mungbean breeders. Several researchers are working in the direction of collecting and maintaining mungbean genetic resources. Mutation breeding and genetic engineering has also been enhanced in mungbean varietal improvement. Genomic information is limited compared to other legume species. However, the recent successful sequencing of mungbean genome has opened new vistas into the crop’s R&D. It is a self-pollinated pulse with small genome size, which could be used as a model for studying other legumes. Mungbean breeders at present times aim to identify useful alleles from diverse germplasm and markers closely associated with desirable traits. The high-throughput marker genotyping system has now made it feasible to pinpoint the exact gene locations and mutations contributing target phenotypes. In this review we present the current status of conventional and molecular breeding of  the crop and summary of efforts in the utilization of genetic information and genomic resources for further mungbean improvement.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"358 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80174498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isotherms of Adsorption of Heavy Metals in Soils and Sediments of the La Villa River Basin-Panamá","authors":"J. Núñez, Adolfo Santo Pineda, Neldis Ballesteros, J. Pérez, Iván Ramos Zachrisson","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330847","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out within the La Villa river basin (Herrera and Los Santos provinces). In these lands, great agricultural activity is developed, highlighting the production of corn, tomatoes, melons, watermelon, beans, peppers, sugarcane, meat and milk livestock. They are subjected to intensive use of agrochemicals and influenced by discharges of by-products from some industrial and agro-industrial companies located within the basin. The objective of the study was to determine by means of Langmuir isotherms the maximum adsorption of Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in soils and sediments of areas with intensive agricultural activity within the La Villa river basin. Five soil and sediment samples were taken from producer´s farms in the rainy season (June-November 2016) and five samples in the dry season (January-April 2017). The total concentration of the heavy metal was determined. The isotherms of the trace metals in soils and sediments were determined in the samples taken at both times of the year by applying different concentrations of the metal in a CaCl2 0.01 M solution. High levels of Cu were found in soils and Cu, Mn, Cr and As in sediments. The Mn isotherm showed low values ​​and low adsorption force, Cu and Zn showed high adsorption values, but with low retention force. For Pb, high adsorption values ​​were observed, but very low retention force in the dry season, contrary to Cd, which obtained low adsorption values, but with a higher force. This behavior is closely related to the texture of the soils. The Cu, Zn and Mn showed high significant correlations with the clay content in the soil, contrary to the pH and the organic matter did not obtain a good correlation with the adsorption of the metals.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83522415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growing Degree Days Requirement and Yield of Wheat Cultivars as Influenced by Irrigation Scheduling and Time of Sowing","authors":"A. L. Prajapat, R. Saxena, M. Sharma, Rameshwr Lal Mandeewal, B. Lal, Bhuwanesh Didal","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330843","url":null,"abstract":"The crop production characteristics are directly related with the temperature and relative humidity of atmosphere during crop growing season. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to highlights thermal requirement (GDD) of wheat varieties for sustainable yield. The field experiment were conducted during Rabi season 2016 and 2017 at Research farm, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Durgapura, Jobner, Rajasthan to find out the response of wheat cultivars to irrigation scheduling under different sowing dates. Thirty six treatment combinations were investigated. Treatments comprises four irrigation levels: I1 (0.6 ETc), I2 (0.8 ETc), I3 (1.0 ETc) and I4 (1.2 ETc), three cultivars: C1 (Raj-4120), C2 (Raj-4079) and C3 (Raj-4238) and three dates of sowing: D1 (15th Nov.), D2 (30th Nov.) and D3 (15th Dec.) in Split plot design. The pooled analysis of data revealed that irrigation scheduling treatment I4 (1.2 ETc) recorded significantly higher value of yield and Growing degree days (GDD), By cultivar Raj 4079 observed the higher value of yield and GDD. Further, results showed that the wheat crop sown on 15th November obtained the maximum yield and growing degree days value with phenological stages. The number of days required to attain different phenological stages decreased with late sowing condition. This indicated that irrigation scheduling at 1.2 ETc should adopted in cultivar Raj 4079 at the sowing on 15th November to achieve maximum yield under hot climate of  Rajasthan.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"26 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88195057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Single and Combined Toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole with Bacillus thuringiensis against Maize Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Laboratory Conditions","authors":"V. Gowtham, M. Muthuswami, N. Sathiah, S. Geetha, S. Varanavasiappan, D. Uma","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330845","url":null,"abstract":"Use of synthetic insecticides for the management of fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) for a longer period will led to development of insecticide resistance. Identification of an eco-friendly synergistic agent to enhance the toxicity potential and reduced pesticide use as well become mandatory in due process. Hence the present study was formulated to find the single and combined toxicity of chlorantraniliprole and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) against the 2nd and 3rd larval instars of S. frugiperda. Single toxicity of chlorantraniliprole against 2nd and 3rd larval instars were 0.87 and 1.52 ppm (LC25); 4.08 and 6.50 ppm (LC50), respectively. With respect to Bt, single toxicity against 2nd and 3rd larval instars were 474.39 and 693.48 ppm (LC25); 1008.62 and 1228.62 ppm (LC50), respectively. Combination effect of chlorantraniliprole with Bt revealed that 2nd instar of FAW showed supplemental synergism at LC50 of chlorantraniliprole + LC25 of Bt. In the case of LC50 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt, LC25 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt and LC25 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt combinations, they showed sub additive synergism. In 3rd instar larvae, the combined toxicity results were similar for all the combinations of chlorantraniliprole + Bt except LC25 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt where it showed an antagonistic synergism. Activity of Carboxyl Esterase (CarE), Mixed Function Oxidase (MFO) and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) were found to be lesser in chlorantraniliprole LC50 + Bt LC25 combinations than single toxicity treatments. Therefore, combined use of chlorantraniliprole with Bt at LC50 of chlorantraniliprole + LC25 of Bt had supplemental synergism on fall armyworm under laboratory condition.","PeriodicalId":14335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"50 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89203681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}