International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health最新文献_第9页

The effects of ambient air pollution on the risk of hospitalisation with acute respiratory illnesses in children: an overview of systematic reviews 环境空气污染对儿童急性呼吸系统疾病住院风险的影响:系统综述

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2834

C. King, Anna E. A. Surace, G. Jeffers, D. Hawcutt, I. Sinha

{"title":"The effects of ambient air pollution on the risk of hospitalisation with acute respiratory illnesses in children: an overview of systematic reviews","authors":"C. King, Anna E. A. Surace, G. Jeffers, D. Hawcutt, I. Sinha","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2834","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Children are particularly susceptible to hazardous effects of air pollution, even at low concentrations. Acute respiratory illness is a significant cause of unscheduled healthcare resource utilisation (HRU) in children. Method: An overview of systematic reviews was undertaken. The exposures of interest were particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO). The primary outcome was the association between these pollutants and unscheduled HRU (hospital admissions, ED visits, or both) for asthma, lower respiratory infection (pneumonia and bronchiolitis), bronchitis, acute wheeze, croup, influenza and pertussis in children. Secondary outcomes were risk of critical care admission, unscheduled primary care visits, and mortality. GRADE methodology was used to determine validity of evidence based on quality of the reviews. Results: Eleven systematic reviews were included. Moderate quality evidence that HRU for asthma exacerbations in children is associated with increased concentrations of all air pollutants studied (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, O3, SO2, CO) was identified. For pneumonia, increased HRU was correlated with increased concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and O3. For bronchiolitis the quality was low to moderate, and the associations less clear. No studies captured the secondary outcomes. No systematic reviews considered the concentration of the ambient air pollutants in relation to outcomes and WHO concentrations guidelines. Conclusion: Increased concentrations of a range of ambient air pollutants is associated with increased risk of unscheduled HRU for asthma and pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74409771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Exposure to wood smoke induced activation of lymphocyte subtypes in peripheral blood 暴露于木材烟雾诱导外周血淋巴细胞亚型活化

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1983

J. Pourazar, M. Sehlstedt, Gregory D. Rankin, O. Uski, C. Boman, Natxo García López, R. Lindgren, T. Sandström, A. Blomberg, A. Behndig, A. Muala

引用次数: 0

Sensitivity of diagnostic tools for silicosis associated to fabrication of quartz conglomerates 与石英砾岩制造相关的矽肺病诊断工具的敏感性

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa5249

G. Guarnieri, Mauro Salasnich, P. Lucernoni, M. Sbaraglia, M. G. Putzu, P. Zuliani, S. Vio, F. Liviero, P. Maculan, P. Mason, P. Maestrelli

{"title":"Sensitivity of diagnostic tools for silicosis associated to fabrication of quartz conglomerates","authors":"G. Guarnieri, Mauro Salasnich, P. Lucernoni, M. Sbaraglia, M. G. Putzu, P. Zuliani, S. Vio, F. Liviero, P. Maculan, P. Mason, P. Maestrelli","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa5249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa5249","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diagnosis of silicosis is a resurgent issue since clusters of this occupational disease have been reported in relation to fabrication of quartz conglomerates. Aim: To evaluate the sensitivity of different diagnostic tools in the detection of silicosis. Methods: Active search of pneumoconiosis was performed in 4 companies of North-Eastern Italy involved in the fabrication of benchtops made of artificial quartz conglomerates. Occupational history, silica cumulative exposure, chest x-ray, spirometry, carbon monoxide lung diffusion (DLco) and chest HRCT (classified according to International Classification of HRCT for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Diseases) were obtained. In selected cases, trans-bronchial biopsies were taken for histological evaluation and identification of silica crystals in the tissue by Electron Microscopy. Results: Twenty-two cases of silicosis were diagnosed. Mean age at diagnosis was 43 years and duration of exposure to quartz conglomerate dust was 3.5 to 20 years. The range of silica cumulative exposure was 1.74-5.40 mg/m3/years. Abnormal findings were detected in 41% of chest x-ray, in 38% of spirometry (restrictive pattern) and 57% of DLco. HRCTs were abnormal in all cases showing well-defined rounded opacities (size p), irregular/linear intralobular opacities and bilateral enlarged mediastinal lymph-nodes. Histological findings consistent with silicosis were observed in 18 cases. Numerous silica particles (diameter 0.1-5 μm) were identified in lung tissue. Conclusions: Chest HRCT is the most sensitive diagnostic tool for the detection of silicosis, while reduction in DLco is the most frequent functional abnormality. The results suggest that chest HRCT is indicated for screening of workers with high cumulative exposure to silica.","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"s3-36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90826931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Household Biomass Particulate Matter Increases Susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection 家庭生物质颗粒物增加肺炎链球菌感染的易感性

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2843

L. Miyashita, G. Foley, R. Dobson, A. Rule, S. Semple, J. Grigg

引用次数: 0

The role of the innate immune system in a mouse model of chemical-induced asthma 先天免疫系统在化学诱发哮喘小鼠模型中的作用

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2816

J. Vanoirbeek, Lore Pollaris, T. Decaesteker, Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Hung-Chang Tsui, G. Velde, B. Nemery, P. Hoet

引用次数: 0

Prenatal and early-life exposure to PM2.5 and O3 and the development of asthma in the first 27 years of life 产前和生命早期暴露于PM2.5和O3与生命前27年哮喘的发展

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1993

J. Jaakkola, A. Rantala, H. Antikainen, T. Hugg, J. Kukkonen, L. Kangas, M. Sofiev, M. Jaakkola

引用次数: 1

Why are specific inhalation challenges (SIC) negative in workers with suspected occupational asthma? 为什么疑似职业性哮喘工人的特定吸入挑战(SIC)呈阴性?

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa3280

A. Niranjala, V. Moore, G. Walters, A. Robertson, S. Burge

引用次数: 1

Wildfire Smoke Exposure During Infancy Results in Impaired Lung Function 婴儿时期接触野火烟雾会导致肺功能受损

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2830

J. Bassein, S. Ganesh, Myra G. dela Pena-Ponce, J. Backer, M. Lanclus, D. Belmans, C. V. Holsbeke, L. Miller

{"title":"Wildfire Smoke Exposure During Infancy Results in Impaired Lung Function","authors":"J. Bassein, S. Ganesh, Myra G. dela Pena-Ponce, J. Backer, M. Lanclus, D. Belmans, C. V. Holsbeke, L. Miller","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2830","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: Wildfires are predicted to increase in frequency as a result of climate change. The impact of acute wildfire smoke inhalation on development of chronic disease is unknown. Previously, we have reported lung function decrements in a cohort of adolescent rhesus macaque monkeys that were exposed as infants to the Northern California wildfires (Black, et. al. 2017). For this current study, we hypothesized that pulmonary changes due to early life wildfire smoke exposure would persist into adulthood and lead to transmission of maternal phenotype into offspring. Methods: Adult female rhesus monkeys were born and reared in an outdoor environment within three months prior to the Trinity and Humboldt County summer wildfires in 2008, which produced significant episodes of PM2.5 exposures within one mile of the primate colony. High resolution computerized tomography (CT) imaging of the thoracic cavity was conducted on adult animals only. CT scans were analyzed using Functional Respiratory Imaging to quantify structural changes and functional deficits. A second cohort born in the spring of 2009 served as a control group; biospecimen collection and imaging were conducted in subsequent years to normalize age. Results: CT scans from wildfire smoke-exposed adult monkeys showed significant reductions in lung volume, inspiratory capacity, and ventilation perfusion relative to controls. A significant increase in specific airway radius and blood vessel density was also detected in wildfire smoke-exposed adult monkeys. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that early life ambient wildfire smoke exposure results in pulmonary responses that persist into adulthood. Funding: California Air Resources Board and NIEHS T32 ES007059","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83212865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1990

N. Easton, M. Cooper, S. Bray, F. Bulot, S. Cox, J. Whiteside, D. Teagle, Steven J. Johnston, D. Davies, G. Foster, M. Loxham

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of respiratory symptoms and lung function in adolescents living in a ceramic industrial park zone 某陶瓷工业园区青少年呼吸道症状及肺功能评价

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2832

R. F. Mizutani, M. Terra-Filho, T. Nery, C. Lopes, R. Arbex, M. Arbex, R. Stelmach, U. Santos

引用次数: 0