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International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry最新文献

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A Monte Carlo calculation of subexcitation and vibrationally-relaxing electron spectra in irradiated liquid water 辐照液态水中亚激发和振动弛豫电子能谱的蒙特卡罗计算
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90229-9
V. Cobut , Y. Frongillo , J.-P. Jay-Gerin , J.-P. Patau
{"title":"A Monte Carlo calculation of subexcitation and vibrationally-relaxing electron spectra in irradiated liquid water","authors":"V. Cobut ,&nbsp;Y. Frongillo ,&nbsp;J.-P. Jay-Gerin ,&nbsp;J.-P. Patau","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90229-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90229-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An energy spectrum of “subexcitation electrons” produced in liquid water by electrons with initial energies of a few keV is obtained by using a Monte Carlo transport simulation calculation. It is found that the introduction of vibrational-excitation cross sections leads to the appearance of a sharp peak in the probability density function near the electronic-excitation threshold. Electrons contributing to this peak are shown to be more naturally described if a novel energy spectrum, that we propose to name “vibrationally-relaxing electron” spectrum, is introduced. The corresponding distribution function is presented, and an empirical expression of it is given.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 589-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90229-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78040661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Alterations of mitochondrial DNA: A method for the detection of irradiated beef liver 辐照牛肝线粒体DNA的变化:一种检测方法
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90213-Y
E. Marchioni , M. Tousch , V. Zumsteeg , F. Kuntz , C. Hasselmann
{"title":"Alterations of mitochondrial DNA: A method for the detection of irradiated beef liver","authors":"E. Marchioni ,&nbsp;M. Tousch ,&nbsp;V. Zumsteeg ,&nbsp;F. Kuntz ,&nbsp;C. Hasselmann","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90213-Y","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90213-Y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study of the radio degradation of DNA is one of a number of phenomena being investigated to develop methods for identifying irradiated foods. The specific behaviour under radiation of the mitochondrial DNA from beef liver gives the possibility of detecting if the product has been irradiated or not. An identification method could finally be developed. The appraisal of the mitochondrial supercoiled DNA fraction constitutes an unambiguous detection test for beef liver irradiation. A total of 120 different samples were irradiated at 5 different doses. The dose limit of detection is lower than 2 kGy. No effects due to storage conditions were observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 485-488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90213-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77962873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Early steps of formation of silver/polyacrylate complexed oligomer clusters. A pulse radiolysis study 银/聚丙烯酸酯络合低聚物簇形成的早期步骤。脉冲辐射溶解研究
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90208-W
M. Mostafavi, M.O. Delcourt, N. Keghouche, G. Picq
{"title":"Early steps of formation of silver/polyacrylate complexed oligomer clusters. A pulse radiolysis study","authors":"M. Mostafavi,&nbsp;M.O. Delcourt,&nbsp;N. Keghouche,&nbsp;G. Picq","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90208-W","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90208-W","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulse radiolysis has been carried out on aqueous solutions of silver ions complexed with polycrylate (PA). Over the time scale 10<sup>−8</sup>−10 s, only a few kinetic steps have been observed which have been identified through spectroscopic and kinetic analysis. The reaction rate of e<sup>-</sup><sub>aq</sub> with Ag<sup>+</sup> is lowered in the presence of PA (3.6×10<sup>9</sup>lmol<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup> when [PA]/[Ag<sup>+</sup>]=100). The first products (Ag<sup>0</sup> λ<sub>max</sub>≈360 nm, Ag<sup>+</sup><sub>2</sub> λ<sub>max</sub>=310 nm) are similar to those obtained in the absence of PA, except for an additional absorption band (350–450 nm) which indicates that Ag<sup>+</sup><sub>2</sub> is itself complexed. Then through dimerization (2k=3×10<sup>9</sup>lmol<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>) and reaction with the alcoholic radical (in the presence of 2-PrOH, 1.5×10<sup>9</sup>lmol<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>), Ag<sup>+</sup><sub>2</sub> leads to an “Ag<sub>2</sub>” species peaking at 300, 320 and 360 nm, noticeably different from the reported Ag<sup>2+</sup><sub>4</sub> species. Two further steps are observed which are assigned to a ligand reorganization of “Ag<sub>2</sub>” in the millisecond range (10<sup>3</sup><em>s</em><sup>−1</sup>), followed by a coalescence to “Ag<sub>4</sub>” in the range of seconds (10<sup>5</sup>lmol<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>). This last product is thought to be the stable Ag<sub>a</sub> cluster known to be formed by γ-radiolysis. A kinetic simulation accounts for the whole mechanism which is much lower than in the absence of PA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 445-450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90208-W","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85924111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Electron spin resonance of sulfite radicals in irradiated calcite and aragonite 辐照方解石和文石中亚硫酸盐自由基的电子自旋共振
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90211-W
Ayako Kai, Toshikatsu Miki
{"title":"Electron spin resonance of sulfite radicals in irradiated calcite and aragonite","authors":"Ayako Kai,&nbsp;Toshikatsu Miki","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90211-W","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90211-W","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Radiation-induced radicals in sulfite-doped calcite and aragonite were characterized by ESR. Among the many ESR signals produced, only four signals are dependent on the SO<sup>2-</sup><sub>3</sub> concentration; an axial signal (<em>g</em><sub>⊥</sub>=2.0038 and <em>g</em>|=2.0024) in calcite, and an orthorhombic signal (<em>g</em><sub>1</sub>=2.0042, <em>g</em><sub>2=2.0038</sub> and <em>g</em><sub>3</sub>=2.0025), an isotropic signal (<em>g</em>=2.0034) and an isotropic signal (<em>g</em>=2.0060) in aragonite. The former two signals exhibit hyperfine structures arising from <sup>33<em>S</em></sup><span><math><mtext>(I=</mtext><mtext>3</mtext><mtext>2</mtext><mtext>, 0.75%</mtext></math></span> natural abundance), and are attributed to SO<sup>-</sup><sub>3</sub> radicals. The isotropic signal at <em>g</em>=2.0034 in aragonite is considered to be due to rotating SO<sup>-</sup><sub>3</sub> radicals. Rotating or tumbling molecules (probably SO<sup>-</sup><sub>2</sub>) produced by thermal decomposition of SO<sup>2-</sup><sub>3</sub> seem to be responsible for the isotropic signal at <em>f=2.0060</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 469-476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90211-W","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91551254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 32
Wood-plastic composite using water soluble monomer 木塑复合材料采用水溶性单体
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90206-U
Mubarak A. Khan, K.M.Idriss Ali
{"title":"Wood-plastic composite using water soluble monomer","authors":"Mubarak A. Khan,&nbsp;K.M.Idriss Ali","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90206-U","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90206-U","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wood-plastic composite (WPC) has been prepared with simul using acrylamide (AM), a water soluble monomer, in place of styrene (ST) and butylmethacrylate (BA). The highest polymer loading (PL) is achieved with AM along with the highest tensile strengths (TS) among the three bulk monomers studied. Effect of urea, NVP and TMPTA has been investigated in these systems. Co-additive (urea) has played a significant role in presence of NVP and TMPTA with AM compared to ST and BA systems. Methanol, water and water/methanol mixtures have been used as swelling agents in order to study their effect on PL and <em>T<sub>f</sub></em> values. TS loss due to the weathering effect is minimum with the WPC, particularly if prepared with swelling agent methanol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 433-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90206-U","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79371860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Effects of hydroaromatics on post-oxidation of polyolefins induced by electron irradiation 氢芳烃对聚烯烃电子辐照后氧化反应的影响
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90212-X
Junichi Kubo , Kazushige Otsuhata
{"title":"Effects of hydroaromatics on post-oxidation of polyolefins induced by electron irradiation","authors":"Junichi Kubo ,&nbsp;Kazushige Otsuhata","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90212-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90212-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive effects of hydroaromatics towards radiation degradation and post-oxidation of high density polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene were investigated. At the same time, the radical scavenging effects of hydroaromatics were examined using DPPH(<em>N,N</em>-diphenyl-<em>N</em>'-picrylhydrazyl). It was found that: </p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>(1) the addition of HHAP (multi-component type hydroaromatics, produced by the hydrogenation of highly aromatic heavy fraction from petroleum) was obviously effective in inhibiting both radiation (electron beam in air) degradation and post-oxidation of polyolefins,</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>(2) hydroaromatics (tetralin, octahydrophenanthrene and HHAP) have evident radical scavenging abilities from the tests using DPPH and</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>(3) the inhibiting effects of HHAP can be attributed to its radical scavenging ability.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 477-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90212-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79822858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of additives on tensile strength of wood-plastic composite 添加剂对木塑复合材料抗拉强度的影响
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90204-S
Mubarak A. Khan, K.M.Idriss Ali
{"title":"Role of additives on tensile strength of wood-plastic composite","authors":"Mubarak A. Khan,&nbsp;K.M.Idriss Ali","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90204-S","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90204-S","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wood-plastic composite (WPC) formation has been studied with simul+styrene system at various compositions of styrene with methanol as the swelling solvent. Effect of additives, e.g. multifunctional monomers (MFM) and oligomers used in very low quantity (1% v/v) on the polymer loading (PL) and tensile strength (TS) of the WPC has been elaborately investigated. Enhanced PL and TS values are observed. Inorganic co-additives like Lithium (Li<sup>+</sup>), Copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) and acid (H<sup>+</sup>) and urea (U) used in combinations with additives (MFM or oligomers) have influenced the results of PL and TS in these systems. Li<sup>+</sup> ion has been a good replacement for H<sup>+</sup> ion; U has substantially enhanced the PL values with retention of the TS values of WPC. Co-additive Cu<sup>2+</sup> used in these system can act as a preservative and protective agent for WPC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 421-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90204-S","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91383497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Reactions of hydrated electron and alcohol radicals with halogenated aromatic compounds: A pulse radiolysis study 水合电子和醇自由基与卤代芳香族化合物的反应:脉冲辐射分解研究
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90217-4
H. Mohan , M. Mudaliar , B.S.M. Rao , J.P. Mittal
{"title":"Reactions of hydrated electron and alcohol radicals with halogenated aromatic compounds: A pulse radiolysis study","authors":"H. Mohan ,&nbsp;M. Mudaliar ,&nbsp;B.S.M. Rao ,&nbsp;J.P. Mittal","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90217-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90217-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The bimolecular rate constants for the reaction of e<sup>-</sup><sub>aq</sub> with chlorotoluenes, chloronitrobenzenes and chloronitrotoluenes have been determined from the decay of e<sup>-</sup><sub>aq</sub>. With chlorotoluenes, e<sup>-</sup><sub>aq</sub> reacts by dissociative electron capture without any transient absorption band in 270–500 nm region. In case of chloronitrobenzenes and chloronitrotoluenes, e<sup>-</sup><sub>aq</sub> forms a transient band with λ<sub>max</sub> in 290–310 nm region without any Cl<sup>-</sup> formation. Hydroxyl alkyl radicals, derived from alcohols, do not seem to react with chlorotoluenes whereas a transient species with <em>λ</em><sub>max</sub>=305–315 nm region are formed on addition of hydroxy alkyl radical to —NO<sub>2</sub> group of chloronitrobenzenes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 513-517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90217-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90454121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Radiation-induced transmethylation and transsulfuration in the system DNA-methionine 辐射诱导的dna -蛋氨酸系统的转甲基化和转硫化
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90205-T
W. Köhnlein , O. Merwitz , P. Ohneseit
{"title":"Radiation-induced transmethylation and transsulfuration in the system DNA-methionine","authors":"W. Köhnlein ,&nbsp;O. Merwitz ,&nbsp;P. Ohneseit","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90205-T","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90205-T","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evidence is presented for the radiation-induced transmethylation and transsulfuration in a DNA-methionine model system. The extent of such alkylation of DNA is found to be comparable with that of alkylating agents. Therefore, both processes could be initial steps in radiation carcinogenesis.</p><p>The protective effect of methionine on DNA strand breaks, due to scavenging of OH radicals, causes the formation of methyl and thiyl radicals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 427-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90205-T","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86422271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Charge trapping and migration in irradiated polyethylene film 辐照聚乙烯薄膜中的电荷捕获和迁移
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 1992-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/1359-0197(92)90200-Y
S. Wysocki , M. Mienska , J. Kroh
{"title":"Charge trapping and migration in irradiated polyethylene film","authors":"S. Wysocki ,&nbsp;M. Mienska ,&nbsp;J. Kroh","doi":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90200-Y","DOIUrl":"10.1016/1359-0197(92)90200-Y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The kinetics of the conductivity decay in polyethylene film induced by 6 MeV electron pulses was studied using d.c. conductivity techniques. The influence of external field and radiation dose on the transient current has been examined, and the drift mobility of charge carriers was found to be 3.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>V<sup>-1</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14262,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 391-394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1359-0197(92)90200-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79014898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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