International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine最新文献_第5页

Induction of 8-azaguanine resistant mutants in human cultured cells exposed to 31 MeV protons. 暴露于31 MeV质子的人培养细胞中诱导8-氮杂鸟嘌呤抗性突变体。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552591

A M Fuhrman Conti, G Francone, M Volonte, R E Gallini

引用次数: 7

Inverse correlation between growth and degrading enzyme activity of seedlings after gamma and neutron irradiation of pea seeds. 射线和中子辐照后豌豆幼苗生长与降解酶活性的负相关研究

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552631

G Bagi, P Bornemisza-Pauspertl, E J Hidvégi

{"title":"Inverse correlation between growth and degrading enzyme activity of seedlings after gamma and neutron irradiation of pea seeds.","authors":"G Bagi, P Bornemisza-Pauspertl, E J Hidvégi","doi":"10.1080/09553008814552631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814552631","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of gamma-, 14 MeV neutron- and fission neutron irradiation was investigated on the growth rate and degrading enzyme activities of pea seedlings. Both dormant pea seeds and 4-day-old growing seedlings were used for the experiments. Depending on the gamma dose between 15 and 300 Gy the height of pea seedlings was found shorter, and parallel with this the endogenous RNase and peroxidase activities were higher than in the unirradiated controls. Seedlings proved to be more sensitive by about one order of magnitude than seeds. Irradiation of seeds between 5 and 10 Gy slightly enhanced the growth rate of seedlings (10 per cent) and parallel with this, the RNase activity measured was lower than that in the controls. On irradiation of seedlings with 14 MeV neutrons the growth inhibition and RNase activity enhancement was only 1.3 times more effective than in the case of irradiation of seeds. The following RBE values were obtained after irradiation of seeds, related to the biological effect of gamma rays: in growth inhibition, 6 for 14 MeV neutrons and 12 for fission neutrons, and the enhancement of two enzyme activities was 15-30 for 14 MeV neutrons and 45-58 for fission neutrons. In the case of seedling irradiation with 14 MeV neutrons the RBE was 1.0 for growth inhibition and between 3 and 6 for enhancement of enzyme activity. The isoenzyme pattern of RNase also changed: two isoenzymes became predominant after the gamma irradiation of seeds, characterized by molecular weights of 21,000 and 30,000, respectively. As a result of enhanced RNase activity, the degradation of longer polysomes to monomeric ribosomes occurred. Thus after ionizing irradiation of pea seeds and seedlings an inverse correlation was found between the growth rate of pea seedlings and the activities of degrading enzymes.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 3","pages":"507-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814552631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13969320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Effects of local hyperthermia on the motor function of the rat sciatic nerve. 局部热疗对大鼠坐骨神经运动功能的影响。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552561

J Wondergem, J Haveman, V Rusman, P Sminia, J D Van Dijk

引用次数: 66

Dithiothreitol pretreatment and inducible repair in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli K12 cells. 二硫苏糖醇预处理及紫外辐照大肠杆菌K12细胞的诱导修复。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552521

H G Claycamp

{"title":"Dithiothreitol pretreatment and inducible repair in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli K12 cells.","authors":"H G Claycamp","doi":"10.1080/09553008814552521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814552521","url":null,"abstract":"The UV radiation survival of several Escherichia coli K12 strains was measured after pretreatment of the cells with dithiothreitol (DTT). In DNA repair-competent cells (AB1157), UV survival was enhanced (ER = 1.2) after pretreating cells for 1.0 h using 10 mmol dm-3 DTT and then incubating the cells for 1.5 h in buffer before UV irradiation. Similar experiments using the excision repair mutant, AB1886uvrA6, or the recombination repair and SOS-deficient mutant, AB2462recA, strains did not show enhanced UV survival. None of the E. coli strains tested were protected against UV killing by simultaneous treatment with DTT (10 mmol dm-3). These results, and the fact that incubation in chloramphenicol removed the wild-type response in DTT-pretreated, UV-irradiated cells, suggest that the observed UV radioprotection was a result of inducible enzymatic repair processes such as recA-dependent repair. The proposed stimulus for inducible repair in these cells is DNA damage caused by intracellular hydroxyl radicals arising from thiol oxidation. The involvement of oxygen radicals in the induction pathway is supported by results that showed superoxide dismutase and catalase could inhibit a portion (one-third) of the inducible repair.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 3","pages":"381-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814552521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14407244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Effect of adriamycin and hyperthermia on the sedimentation of nucleoids from L1210 cells. 阿霉素和热疗对L1210细胞类核沉积的影响。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552511

J P Daugherty, T A Simpson

{"title":"Effect of adriamycin and hyperthermia on the sedimentation of nucleoids from L1210 cells.","authors":"J P Daugherty, T A Simpson","doi":"10.1080/09553008814552511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814552511","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the individual and combined effects of adriamycin (ADR) and hyperthermia (HYP) on the sedimentation behavior of L1210 mouse leukemia cell nucleoids in neutral sucrose gradients. Nucleoid sedimentation profiles obtained from cells incubated with ADR (1-10 microM; 30 min; 37 degrees C) exhibited an increased sedimentation rate associated with an increased protein content of these subnuclear units. Exposure of cells to HYP (1-3 h; 42 degrees C) produced similar results. Simultaneous exposure of L1210 cells to conditions of HYP and ADR which resulted in minimal changes in nucleoid sedimentation when used singly, produced an enhanced effect. A similar enhancement was observed with other intercalating antineoplastic agents believed to exert their effect, at least partially, via free radicals (daunorubicin, amsacrine, bisantrene, mitoxantrone). However, enhancement with HYP was not observed with (a) the classic intercalating agent, ethidium bromide; (b) non-intercalating DNA-breaking agents (bleomycin, lithocholic acid, etoposide); (c) inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (m-methoxybenzamide, benzamide); or (d) non-intercalating antineoplastic agents capable of causing free radical formation (bleomycin). The results suggest that DNA intercalating agents capable of initiating free radical processes may show an enhanced toxicity with simultaneous HYP treatment, and that the nucleoid assay may be a means of screening agents with these biological properties for potential clinical usefulness in combination with HYP.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 3","pages":"367-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814552511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14385884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A method of calculating initial DNA strand breakage following the decay of incorporated 125I. 一种计算掺入的125I衰变后初始DNA链断裂的方法。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552501

D E Charlton, J L Humm

{"title":"A method of calculating initial DNA strand breakage following the decay of incorporated 125I.","authors":"D E Charlton, J L Humm","doi":"10.1080/09553008814552501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814552501","url":null,"abstract":"Two sources of individual Auger electron spectra and an electron track code were used with a simple model of the DNA to successfully simulate the single-strand DNA breakage measured by Martin and Haseltine (1981). The conditions of the calculation were then extended to examine patterns of single-strand breaks in both strands of the DNA duplex to score double-strand breaks. The occurrences of five types of break were scored. The total number of double-strand breaks (dsb) per decay at the site of the decay was 0.90 and 0.65 for the different Auger electron spectra. It was shown that for mammalian cells an additional source of double-strand breaks from low LET radiation added approximately 0.17 dsb/decay to each, giving a final total of 1.07 and 0.85 dsb/decay for mammalian cells depending on the electron spectrum. Further is is shown that the energy deposition in the DNA from the iodine decay is very complex, with a broad range of energy depositions and products. Even for a particular energy deposited in the DNA different types of strand break are produced. These are identified and their probabilities calculated.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 3","pages":"353-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814552501","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14385883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 160

A comparison of dose-response models for death from hematological depression in different species. 不同物种血液学抑制死亡的剂量-反应模型比较。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552571

M D Morris, T D Jones

{"title":"A comparison of dose-response models for death from hematological depression in different species.","authors":"M D Morris, T D Jones","doi":"10.1080/09553008814552571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814552571","url":null,"abstract":"Many radiation-induced lethality experiments have been published for various mammalian species. From those studies a subset of studies reflecting useful biological and physical variables has been compiled into a database suitable to study interspecific variability of radiosensitivity, dose-rate dependence of sensitivity, dose-response behavior within each experiment, etc. The data compiled were restricted to continuous and nearly continuous exposures to photon radiations having source energies above 100 keV. Photon source energy, exposure geometry, and body weight considerations were used to select studies where the dose to hematopoietic tissue was approximately uniform. The database reflects 13 mammalian species ranging in size from mouse to cattle. Some 211 studies were compiled, but only 105 were documented in adequate detail to be useful in development and evaluation of dose-response models of interest to practical human exposures. Of the 105 studies, 70 were for various rodent species, and 35 were for non-rodent groups ranging from standard laboratory primates (body weight approximately 5 kg) to cattle (body weight approximately 375 kg). This paper considers seven different dose-response models which are tested for validity against those 105 studies. The dose-response models include: right-skewed extreme value, left-skewed extreme value, log-logistic, log-probit, logistic, probit, and Weibull models. In general, the log transformation models did not improve model performance and the extreme value models did not seem consistent with the preponderance of the data. Overall, the probit and the logistic models seemed preferable over the Weibull model.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 3","pages":"439-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814552571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14385888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

The level of induced DNA double-strand breaks does not correlate with cell killing in X-irradiated mitotic and G1-phase CHO cells. 在x射线照射的有丝分裂和g1期CHO细胞中，诱导的DNA双链断裂水平与细胞杀伤无关。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552531

G Iliakis, R Okayasu

{"title":"The level of induced DNA double-strand breaks does not correlate with cell killing in X-irradiated mitotic and G1-phase CHO cells.","authors":"G Iliakis, R Okayasu","doi":"10.1080/09553008814552531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814552531","url":null,"abstract":"The neutral (pH 9.6) filter elution technique was used to evaluate DNA damage induced in CHO cells irradiated at mitosis or in G1-phase under various incubation and postirradiation treatment conditions. Mitotic and G1/S border cells were more sensitive to radiation than G1 cells with respect to cell killing, but showed similar (G1/S) or lower (M) DNA elution dose--response curves. Similar cell survival and DNA/elution dose--response curves were obtained with plateau-phase cultures containing mainly G1-cells, as well as with G1 cells obtained after division of mitotic cells in either fresh or conditioned medium. However, survival of plateau-phase cells could be modified substantially by delayed-plating or postirradiation treatment with araA. These results, together with previously published observations, indicate that induction of DNA dsb cannot be invoked as an explanation for the variations in radiosensitivity observed through the cycle, or as an explanation for the formation of the survival curve shoulder. It is proposed that repair and fixation of radiation-induced DNA damage, expressed at the cell survival level as repair and fixation of alpha-PLD, are responsible for these effects.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 3","pages":"395-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814552531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14407245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Reirradiation at long time intervals in mouse kidney: a comparison between experimental results and the predictions of the F-type tissue model. 小鼠肾脏长时间再照射:实验结果与f型组织模型预测的比较。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552551

J V Lebesque, A A Hart, F A Stewart

{"title":"Reirradiation at long time intervals in mouse kidney: a comparison between experimental results and the predictions of the F-type tissue model.","authors":"J V Lebesque, A A Hart, F A Stewart","doi":"10.1080/09553008814552551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814552551","url":null,"abstract":"The tolerance of a late-responding tissue to reirradiation after long time intervals has been analysed using the F-type tissue model. In this model the tissue is composed of identical cells, each of which is capable of extensive proliferation and of tissue-specific function. The model was adapted to calculate the response to two fractions of radiation given in a variable overall time. For two equal doses of radiation the repair of tissue damage after the first fraction could be detected theoretically by a change in the rate of cell depletion after retreatment and by an increase in the minimum cell number attained. For an 'experimental set-up', in which a constant first dose was followed by a range of retreatment doses in a variable overall time, the repair of tissue damage theoretically could be detected most sensitively by a shift of the dose-response curves to higher retreatment doses as the time interval between the two doses was increased. A prerequisite for a proper comparison of these dose-response curves was that the responses were evaluated at times after the first dose determined by the minimal latency times after high retreatment doses. From a comparison of these theoretical results with experimental findings for mouse kidneys it was concluded that no recovery of tissue function took place over a 6-month period. Instead it appeared that the kidneys had become more sensitive to irradiation over this period.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 3","pages":"417-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814552551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14385886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Thymocyte membrane changes and modifications of interphase death. 胸腺细胞膜的改变和期间死亡的修饰。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814552621

Sungurov AYu, T M Sharlaeva

引用次数: 7