International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"P Solubilisers for Sustainance of Agriculture- A Review","authors":"A. Chatli","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7852","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus is the most common nutrient which helps the plants to convert metabolites into usable building blocks for growth. The use of phosphate solubilising bacteria as inoculants simultaneously increases P uptake by the plants and hence improves crop yield. Strains from the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Rhizobium are among the most powerful Phosphate solubilisers. The principal mechanism for mineral phosphate solubilisation is the production of organic acids. Acid phosphatase plays a major role in the mineralization of organic phosphorous in soil. Several phosphatase encoding genes have been cloned and characterized. A few genes involved in mineral phosphate solubilisation have been isolated. Therefore, genetic manipulation of phosphate solubilising bacteria can improve plant growth. Synergistic effect of phosphate solubilising microorganisms on TCP solubilisation was highest when triple culture of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Trichoderma sp. was inoculated in NBRIP broth as compared to double and single inoculations.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88155867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Genetic Variability for Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Local Rice Cultivars of Gudalur Valley of the Nilgiris","authors":"D. Kumaresan","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7494","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, characterization of 21 local rice genotypes was carried out for 16 DUS characters. The leaf and leaf sheath anthocyanin coloration was absent in all the genotypes. A total of eight traits viz., leaf pubescence of blade surface, leaf length of blade, leaf width of blade, flag leaf, panicle awns, panicle presence of secondary branching, panicle secondary branching and panicle exertion were dimorphic. Three traits basal leaf sheath colour, leaf intensity of green colour, culm attitude were found to be trimorphic. Remaining three traits namely flag leaf attitude of blade, panicle curvature of main axis and panicle attitude of branches were found to be tetramorphic. The genotype mundamaranellu was found to be distinct for erect culm, erect flag leaf and presence of awns and these genotypes can be used as donor for rice breeding program. The cultivars Thondi and mullampunchan (106 days) were found to be early on days to 50% flowering among all the genotypes evaluated. All genotypes exhibited significant differences for eight quantitative traits. The high PCV and GCV was recorded for plant height, number of productive tillers and single plant yield. The highest heritability and high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed in plant height, number of panicles per plant, number of productive tillers, 1000grain weight, single plant yield and these characters could be further improved by following simple selection procedure.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81744616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) Genotypes for Resistance against Major Insect-Pests","authors":"Yoodarimiki Shylla","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7625","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted in the experimental farm of SASRD, Nagaland University during Kharif 2017 in order to screen soybean genotypes for resistance against major insect pests using two replications. Forty one soybean genotypes along with five check varieties were arranged in RBD. The major insect pests observed at weekly intervals were leaf webber (Anarsia ephippias), aphid (Aphis glycines), leaf hopper (Bothrogonia indistincta), Pod bug (Riptortus pedestris) and blister beetle (Mylabris phalerata). The genotypes NRC 134 (4.20 no/mrl) and JS 20-17 (0.70 no/mrl) showed highest and lowest infestation by leaf webber. Highest infestation of aphid was found on PS 1613 (21.85no/3leaf) and lowest was found on AMS 100-39 (1.50 no/3leaf). In case of leaf hopper, the highest infestation was found on NRC 137 (4.75no/3leaf) and the lowest infestation was found on DSb 34 (1.08 no/3leaf). Genotypes namely NRC 137 (5.88 no/mrl) showed highest infestation and genotype JS 21-15 (1.23 no/mrl) showed lowest infestation by blister beetle. For pod bug, genotype CSB 10112 (5.90 no/mrl) showed highest infestation and NRC 128 (0.12 no/mrl) showed lowest infestation. The highest yield was reported by TS 53 (3155 kg/ha) and lowest was NRC 131 (488.88 kg/ha). Cluster analysis was used to group line based on five major soybean insect pests (leaf webber, aphid, leaf hopper, blister beetle and pod bug) infestation levels within the site and found that Cluster V (TS 53, SL 1123, SKF-SPS-11) was considered the resistant cluster with highest yield, where the best performing genotypes were included.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80173373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Organic Farming Practices on Yield of Basmati Rice and Soil Properties in Rice, Wheat Cropping System","authors":"Kundan Kumar","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7745","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the management of soil organic matter is critical to maintain a productive organic farming system. No one source of nutrient usually suffices to maintain productivity and quality control in organic system. In addition, the inputs to supplement nutrient availability are often not uniform presenting additional challenges in meeting the nutrient requirement of crops in organic systems. With this concept, a field experiment was conducted at village Jahangirpur in Jewar Tehsil in Gautam Buddha Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh during 2014-2016 in rice-wheat cropping system. In this experiment, different treatments comprising organic amendments such as Blue Green Algae (BGA) 15kg/ha, SGM 10.0 tonne/ha, and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) 10.0 tonne/ha each applied alone or in combination were tested in organic crop production. These treatments were compared with absolute control (N0P0K0). For rice, a scented variety ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ were taken. The observations on grain yield, contents of Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu in rice grains, insect pest incidence, soil nutrients and microbial activity were taken. Results revealed a significant enhancement in grain yield of rice over absolute control due to the application of different organic amendments applied alone or in combinations. Rice grain yield increased by 114 to 116.8% over absolute control when all the 4 organic amendments were applied altogether. The rice grain yield (4.0 t ha-1) obtained under combined application of four organic amendments was at par with the yield recorded under recommended dose of chemical fertilizer application. An interesting observation recorded was that there was no serious attack of any insect pest or disease in organically grown crop. Soil microbial population (Actinomycetes, Bacteria, Fungi and BGA) enhanced due to the application of organic amendments in comparison to absolute control application that in turn resulted in a notable enhancement in soil dehydrogenase and phosphatase enzyme activity. Soil organic carbon and available phosphorus contents were also found to be significantly increased due to organic farming practice over control. Rice grain analysis for nutrients viz. Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu showed a significant increase in Fe and Mn content in the treatments having 2 or more organic amendments over control. Zn and Cu content also increased but the increment was significant with combined application of 2 or 3 organic amendments. The study revealed that addition of three organic amendments viz. BGA, SGM, and FYM could give the optimum yield (4.05 t/ha) of organic Basmati rice and improve grain and soil quality.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81563654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivars and Integrated Nutrient Management Influence on Summer Pearl Millet","authors":"G. Divya","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7746","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different cultivars and integrated nutrient management practices on summer pearl millet has been studied in an experiment conducted at College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar. This study was carried out during Summer season, 2017 in sandy loam soil. It comprised of three cultivars namely, ICMV-221 (C1), Dhanashakti (C2) and PHB-3 (C3) and three integrated nutrient management practices i.e 100% RDF (F1), 75% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost (F2) and 75% RDF + Biofertilizers @ 5 kg ha -1 (F3) incubated with vermicompost @ 500 kg ha -1 (F3) which were tested under Factorial randomised block design in three replications. Growth, yield and economics was found to rise with C3 among the three cultivars. Application of integrated nutrient management practices resulted in increased growth, yield and economics of pearl millet with F3.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82444196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Adoption Level of Good Horticultural Practices by the Vegetable Growers","authors":"S. K. Samantaray","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7456","url":null,"abstract":"Appropriate promotion and adoption of GHP from farm to fork will help improve the safety and quality of food and agricultural products. In addition, producers and consumers will benefit from global markets and improve their livelihoods and the national economy as a whole. The average productivity of majority of the vegetables in India is lower (12 t/ha) compared to that in other agriculturally developed countries of the world. It could be enhanced through adoption of improved technologies including weed management. The knowledge of farmers about vegetable varieties and their behaviour in adopting these varieties and other technologies including weed management have been assessed. This study is based on a total sample of 120 farmers selected randomly from 2 blocks of Ganjam district in Odisha. A majority of the farmers are reported to have high and medium level knowledge of improved technologies of tomato and cauliflower cultivation. However, only 17 per cent in Jagannathprasad and 35 per cent in Surada Blocks of Ganjam district are reported to be high adopters of the improved technologies including weed management in Cauliflower. A majority of the farmers have expressed that lack of control measures for weed, leaf curl in tomato, high cost of pesticide and fertilizer, lack of marketing, impure seeds and chemical, timely labour availability as the major reasons for non-adoption of improved technologies. A significant correlation between extension contact and knowledge and adoption of improved technology has been found. It is suggested that there is a need to strengthen communication methods like TV and radio by extending the duration of farm programs and providing specialized training to the growers by the state department in consultation with the KVK. Research efforts should be strengthened to develop multiple disease, pest and weed-resistant varieties and direct supply of these varieties to farmers. It is observed that co-operative farming or formation of FPO may solve the problem of small farmers in respect to post-harvest management and value-addition. Keyword: Behaviour, Adoption, Vegetable, Technology, Research Article Cite this article: Samantaray, S.K., Panda, P.K., Giri, B.P., & Nayak, M.P. (2019). A Study on Adoption Level of Good Horticultural Practices by the Vegetable Growers, Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. 7(5), 154-159. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7456 Samantaray et al. Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. (2019) 7(5), 154-159 ISSN: 2582 – 2845 Copyright © Sept.-Oct., 2019; IJPAB 155 INTRODUCTION India is blessed with diverse agroclimatic zones with distinct seasons, making it possible to grow wide range of vegetables. Vegetables are good source of nutrients, dietary fibers, phytochemicals and vitamins. Vegetables with higher productivity have resulted in greater economic returns to farmers. India is next only to China in area and total production of vegetables with an average productivity of 15.2 tonnes / ha. It occupies prime positi","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78942396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Rainfall Modelling","authors":"V. Paradkar","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7690","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75496934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity Analysis in White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers","authors":"Parvathy Harikuma","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7818","url":null,"abstract":"White yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) is grown as a major food crop in tropical countries. It is emerging as an important tuber crop in India especially in Kerala and it is well known for its yield potential. ICARCentral Tuber Crops Research Institute holds a field gene bank of 1100 Dioscorea accessions including 158 white yam genotypes. Genetic variability in plants can be used for developing improved cultivars with desirable traits. Present study focused on identifying genetic variability in 30 white yam genotypes (Dwarf, Semi dwarf and Tall) using 19 random oligonucleotide primers for RAPD analysis. On 19 RAPD primers, only 8 primers were selected based on their polymorphism and repeatability. Among the eight RAPD primers studied in white yam, OPW -16 was found be the best that produced ten polymorphic bands. All the primers evaluated resulted in 100% polymorphism. All the primers were recorded with high PIC value of >0.6. Dendrogram based on RAPD marker showed nine clusters at 0.8 dissimilarity level. It also shows the high divergence of the genotype V20 (DR17) and the clustering pattern indicates the grouping of the dwarf genotypes together. More or less similar clusters were obtained based on certain morphological characteristics of the genotypes observed in the field study.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81087498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Promoting Bioactive Phytochemicals Present in Organically and Conventionally Grown Exotic Brassica Vegetables","authors":"P. Chaudhary","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.6891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.6891","url":null,"abstract":"The beneficial effects of Brassica vegetables on health improvement have been partly attributed to the presence of various forms of phytochemicals and antioxidants present in it, e.g. ascorbic acid, carotenoids and polyphenol compounds including flavonoids and chlorophyll. Two Brassica vegetables viz. broccoli (Brassica oleracea) and kale (Brassica oleraceae l.var acephala) which, grown organically and conventionally were analysed for their phytochemicals content. The ascorbic acid content of organically grown broccoli and kale was 89.67±0.33 and 48.67±0.33 mg/100g which was comparatively higher when compared with inorganic counterparts with 84.80±0.40 and 43.33±0.67 mg/100g values respectively. The beta carotene content was found to be higher in case of organic broccoli i.e. 11.17±0.01 ppm as compared to 8.71±0.01 ppm in inorganic broccoli. The chlorophyll content was higher in case of inorganic broccoli (5.87±0.03 mg/L) and kale (8.31±0.01 mg/L). Simple phenol and flavanoids were found to be higher in case of organic kale as compared to inorganic kale. Total phenols, tannins and oxalates were found to be higher in inorganic broccoli and kale. Both broccoli and kale were good sources of pytochemicals. From the findings of the study concluded that they are rich in health–promoting phytochemicals so should be included in our food basket to provide protection against various diseases especially cancer. The cultivation and consumption of broccoli and kale should be promoted to harness their health promoting and health protecting beneficial effects. The phytochemical contents of the leafy vegetables serve as supplements for food and also have the potential to improve the health status of its users as a result of the presence of various compounds vital for good health.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86832736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Management of Sclerotium Wilt of Potato Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.","authors":"V. Kulkarni","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7628","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84985389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}