Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Climate Change on the Stratification of Coastal Areas of the Euboean Gulf and the Diffusion of Urban Wastewater in Them","authors":"E. Tsirogiannis, P. Angelidis","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2023.123001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2023.123001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116376105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Use of Agent Based Modelling for Addressing the Social Component of Urban Water Management in Europe","authors":"Ifigeneia Koutiva, C. Makropoulos","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2021.104011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2021.104011","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aimed to provide a review of different tools that estimate how human behavior changes by water management strategies and quantify this change to support the decisions of urban water managers. To support decision makers, it is essential to be able to model the urban water system’s human part explicitly and link it to the hydro system’s response, rather than only explore the reaction of the system based on scenarios. To do so, tools are needed that can model the human part of the system, explore its reaction to potential changes and dynamically link back this to the techno-environmental model of the water system. This work reviews state-of-the-art ABMs that are publicly available focusing on the human part of the urban water system in Europe. The review leads to the proposals of three pillars for future development of ABMs for urban water management in Europe: end-user enablement; Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence integration and adversaries modelling.","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127326686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Trees Management System Using Radial Basis Function Neural Network for Rain Forecast","authors":"Hasnul Auzani, Khairusy Syakirin Has-Yun, F. Nazri","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2022.111001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2022.111001","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture and farming are mainly dependent on weather especially in Malaysia as it received heavy rainfall throughout the years. An efficient crop or tree management system with a weather forecast needed for suitable planning of farming operation. Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) algorithm was used in this study to predict rainfall and the main focus of this study is to analyze the factor that affects the performance of neural model. This study found that the model works better the more hidden nodes and the optimum learning rate is 0.01 with the RMSE 49% and the percentage accuracy is 57%. Besides that, it is found that the meteorology data also affect the model performance. Future research can be conducted to improve the rainfall forecast of this study and improve the tree management system.","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132148297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using SWAT Model and Field Data to Determine Potential of NASA-POWER Data for Modelling Rainfall-Runoff in Incalaue River Basin","authors":"Ezrah Natumanya, N. Ribeiro, M. Mwanjalolo, F. Steinbruch","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2022.112004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2022.112004","url":null,"abstract":"Incalaue is a tributary of Lugenda River in NSR (Niassa Special Reserve) in North-Eastern Mozambique. NSR is a data-poor remote area and there is a need for rainfall-runoff data to inform decisions on water resources management, and scientific methods are needed for this wide expanse of land. This study assessed the potential of a combination of NASA-POWER (Na-tional Aeronautics and Space Administration and Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) remotely sensed rainfall data and FAO (Food and Agri-culture Organization of the United Nations) soil and land use/cover data for modelling rainfall-runoff in Incalaue river basin. DEM (Digital Elevation Model) of 1:250,000 scale and a grid resolution of 30 m × 30 m downloaded from USGS (the United States Geological Survey) website; clipped river basin FAO digital soil and land use/cover maps; and field-collected data were used. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was used to assess rainfall -runoff data generated using the NASA-POWER dataset and gauged rainfall and river flow data collected during fieldwork. FAO soil and land use/cover datasets which are globally available and widely used in the region were used for comparison with soil data collected during fieldwork. Field collected data showed that soil in the area is predominantly sandy loam and only sand content and bulk density were fall and river flow observed in the field and modelled were confirmed by res-idents as the trend in the area. This approach was used because there was no historical rainfall and river flow data since the river basin is ungauged for hydrologic data. The study showed that NASA-POWER data has the potential for use for modelling the rainfall-runoff in the basin. The difference in rain-fall-runoff relationship with field-collected data could be because of landscape characteristics or topsoil layer not catered for in the FAO soil data.","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125256771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of the Saltwater Intrusion Using the Level Set Method. Application to Henry’s Problem","authors":"Joachna Meya Loua-Bouayi, C. Tathy, A. K. Manounou","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2022.111002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2022.111002","url":null,"abstract":"The salt intrusion phenomenon is caused by overexploitation of aquifers in coastal areas. This physical phenomenon has been the subject of numerous studies and numerous methods have been proposed, with the aim of protecting the quality of the water in these aquifers. This work proposes a two-dimensional saline intrusion model using the sharp interface approach and the level set method. It consists of a parabolic equation modeling the underground flow and a hyperbolic Equation (the level set equation) which makes it possible to track the evolution of the interface. High-order numerical schemes such as the space scheme WENO5 and the third-order time scheme TVD-RK were used for the numerical resolution of the hyperbolic equation. To limit the tightening of the contour curves of the level set function, the redistanciation or reinitialization algorithm proposed by Sussma et al. (1994) was used. To ensure the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method, two tests re-lating to the standard Henry problem and the modified Henry problem were performed. Recall that Henry’s problem uses the variable density modeling approach in a confined and homogeneous aquifer. By comparing the results obtained by the level set method with reinitialization (LSMR) and those obtained by Henry (1964), and by Simpson and Clement (2004), we see in the two test cases that the level set method reproduces well the toe, the tip and the behaviour of the interface. These results correspond to the results obtained by Abarca for","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116527647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of WRF Model and LSTM Network for Solar Radiation Forecasting—Timor Leste Case Study","authors":"Jose Manuel Soares De Araujo","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2020.94009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2020.94009","url":null,"abstract":"A study of a combination of Weather Research and \u0000Forecasting (WRF) model and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network for location \u0000in Dili Timor Leste is introduced in this paper. One calendar year’s results of \u0000solar radiation from January to December 2014 are used as input data to \u0000estimate future forecasting of solar radiation using the LSTM network for three \u0000months period. The WRF model version 3.9.1 is used to simulate one year’s solar \u0000radiation in horizontal resolution low scale for nesting domain 1 × 1 km. It is done by applying 6-hourly interval 1o × 1o NCEP FNL analysis data used as Global Forecast \u0000System (GFS). LSTM network is applied for forecasting in numerous learning \u0000problems for solar radiation forecasting. LSTM network uses two-layer LSTM \u0000architecture of 512 hidden neurons coupled with a dense output layer with \u0000linear as the model activation to predict with time steps are configured to 50 \u0000and the number of features is 1. The maximum epoch is set to 325 with batch \u0000size 300 and the validation split is 0.09. The results demonstrate that the \u0000combination of these two methods can successfully predict solar radiation where \u0000four error metrics of mean bias error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE), \u0000normalized MBE (nMBE), and normalized RMSE (nRMSE) perform small error \u0000distribution and percentage in three months prediction where the error \u0000percentage is obtained below the 20% for nMBE and nRMSE. Meanwhile, the error \u0000distribution of RMSE is obtained below 200 W/m2 and maximum bias \u0000error is 0.07. Finally, the values of MBE, RMSE, nMBE, and nRMSE conclude that \u0000the good performance of the combination of two methods in this study can be \u0000applied to simulate any other weather variable for local necessary.","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124079110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Biohazards and Pandemics: COVID-19 and Its Implications in the Construction Sector","authors":"C. Amaechi, E. C. Amaechi, Sharon Chinyere Amechi, A. K. Oyetunji, Irish Mpho Kgosiemang, Okechukwu John Mgbeoji, Adesola Samson Ojo, Alejandro Moure Abelenda, Mohamed Milad, I. Adelusi, A. Coker","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2022.111003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2022.111003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the impact of biohazards and pandemics on construction workers’ health and well-being. A proper selection of control methods for biohazards and pandemics like COVID-19 pandemic will result in improved public health conditions. Occupational risks in the construction industry are also examined, with a focus on biohazards and pandemics, their containment, and the implications for health and safety. A safer work environment in the construction industry is encouraged. In this study, some statistical methods were used to analyse the data obtained from sampled questionnaire. According to the findings, fewer people in poor developing countries get routine check-ups compared to developed countries. The construction industries studied have little or no insurance plans for staff. It also demonstrates that personal protective equipment (PPE) such as nasal masks, helmets, hand gloves, and work aprons can assist in the control of biohazards in the construction sector, such as asthma, cancer, and asbestosis. There should be safety awareness programmes, conferences, and seminars, as well as How to cite this paper: Amaechi, C.V., Amaechi, E.C., Amechi, S.C., Oyetunji, A.K., Kgosiemang, I.M., Mgbeoji, O.J., Ojo, A.S., Abelenda, A.M., Milad, M., Adelusi, I. and Coker, A.O. (2022) Management of Biohazards and Pandemics: COVID-19 and Its Implications in the Construction Sector. Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering, 11, 34-63. https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2022.111003 Received: December 28, 2021 Accepted: January 25, 2022 Published: January 28, 2022 Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). C. V. Amaechi et al. DOI: 10.4236/cweee.2022.111003 35 Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering first-aid kits and HSE and qualified health workers on all building sites. In addition, the government should examine the site for the usage of PPEs and verify that records of family/personal medical history are maintained.","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"09 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127196678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of a Cracked Beam with Different Location Using FEM","authors":"Rajib Karmaker, U. K. Deb, Amrita Das","doi":"10.4236/cweee.2020.94010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2020.94010","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays presence of crack \u0000in different engineering structures becomes a serious threat to the \u0000performance. Since most of the civil and mechanical structures may be damaged \u0000due to material fatigue, mechanical vibration, environmental attack and \u0000long-term service. Moreover, dynamical systems of a beam usually possess a \u0000non-linear character, which causes practical difficulties on the model-based damage detection techniques. \u0000This paper presents a novel approach to detect damage in a simply supported \u0000beam. In this study, a numerical simulation using the Finite Element Method \u0000(FEM) has been done to determine the frequencies to detect the crack in a \u0000concrete beam of length 0.12 m and width 0.015 m. A vibration-based model is \u0000employed to simulate the results by using COMSOL Multiphysics. At the tip, by \u0000performing the computational analysis it is found that the presence of cracks \u0000affects the natural frequencies of the concrete structure. It is observed that after applying load, the frequencies of the cracked beam have been changed with the variation of the location of the crack for all the modes of vibration. It also found that \u0000maximum frequency reserved at the cracked point so it will also help us to \u0000detect different hidden defects in any structure. A comparison \u0000is also made with the experimental results. It is also found that the effect of \u0000crack is more near the fixed end than at \u0000the free end.","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131188135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Performance Evaluation of a Small-Scale Drip Irrigation System Installed in the Upper West Region of Ghana","authors":"Hamidatu S. Darimani, Neolli Kpoda, Sumaila M. Suleman, Alhassan Luut","doi":"10.4236/CWEEE.2021.102006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/CWEEE.2021.102006","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the water application uniformity for \u0000a drip irrigation system, considering the water quality and the duration of \u0000usage. The uniformity parameters, Emission Uniformity (EU %) and Uniformity \u0000Coefficient (UC %) were determined for the drip irrigation system installed over a year of performance. The \u0000procedures are based on taking measurements of emitter discharge along \u0000selected driplines on a sub-main. The catch can be identified as L1A, L1B, L1C, L1D, same for L2A to L2D, L3A to L3D and L4A to \u0000L4D. This gave a total of sixteen (16) measurement positions as there were 4 \u0000driplines. Results indicated that the uniformity of water application was 90% \u0000indicating that the emitter was still good after a year of installation. The \u0000average discharge rate was 0.57 l/h. \u0000The uniformity coefficient (UC %) for the gravity-fed drip irrigation system \u0000was 78%, indicating good water application and was quite significant for the \u0000evaluation of the uniform distribution of water for the design. The expansion \u0000of this irrigation method in rural communities could contribute to relevant \u0000water savings in most areas of the Upper West Region of Ghana.","PeriodicalId":142066,"journal":{"name":"Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"71 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131393763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}