International Journal of Osteoarchaeology最新文献_第6页

Violence and sharp force trauma in Nusaybin/Girnavaz Mound/Türkiye Late Roman–Early Islamic human remains Nusaybin/Girnavaz Mound/ t<e:1>基耶的暴力和尖锐的武力创伤罗马晚期-早期伊斯兰人类遗骸

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3352

Tolga Köroğlu, Ayla Sevim Erol, Mert Ocak, Kaan Orhan

{"title":"Violence and sharp force trauma in Nusaybin/Girnavaz Mound/Türkiye Late Roman–Early Islamic human remains","authors":"Tolga Köroğlu, Ayla Sevim Erol, Mert Ocak, Kaan Orhan","doi":"10.1002/oa.3352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3352","url":null,"abstract":"Girnavaz Mound (Höyük), located in modern Türkiye, was studied between 1982 and 1991. The mound, inhabited from the Late Uruk Period to the Neo-Assyrian Period, was later abandoned and repurposed as a cemetery during the Late Roman–Early Islamic Period. Anthropological studies on skeletons from this cemetery analyzed 148 individuals from this period, revealing notable trauma in five individuals. This study examines the skeletal remains of four individuals with perimortem sharp force trauma and one individual with an in situ arrowhead injury. Macroscopic and CT analyses indicated that both perimortem and antemortem trauma were intentional. The skull and body bones of four individuals displayed incision trauma likely inflicted by sword-like cutting weapons, suggesting murder and decapitation, possibly as a form of execution. One individual had an arrowhead lodged in the tibia, indicating the person lived for some time with the injury and was buried with the arrowhead. This study aims to infer the period's political conflicts and cultural structures based on the trauma evidence. The findings suggest that the observed trauma may be linked to massacres and murders resulting from regional conflicts. This study offers exemplary insights into the mechanics and analysis of sharp force and perimortem trauma. Additionally, it sheds light on the social and historical context of the period.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Continuity and change in animal husbandry during the Later Iron Age of Britain 英国铁器时代后期畜牧业的延续与变化

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3351

Matteo Bormetti, Umberto Albarella

引用次数: 0

An investigation into differential use of ocher in burials at Khok Phanom Di, Thailand 对泰国Khok Phanom Di墓葬中不同使用赭石的调查

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3348

Sarah Elizabeth Paris

{"title":"An investigation into differential use of ocher in burials at Khok Phanom Di, Thailand","authors":"Sarah Elizabeth Paris","doi":"10.1002/oa.3348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3348","url":null,"abstract":"Ocher has been observed as a feature of burial traditions around the world, throughout history and prehistory. In Southeast Asia ocher first appears in Hòabìnhian burials; however, it is used discriminately, varying within and between sites. Understanding the selection process for individuals with pigmented burials has been difficult due to their limited number. The site of Khok Phanom Di, Thailand, dating from ~4000 to 3500 BP, reflects the variation of pigment use seen in earlier sites, with 82% of burials found to have ocher. The cemetery's uninterrupted use for ~500 years, the high number and standard of preservation of human remains, and nearly four decades of bioarcheological research have facilitated a detailed study of the use of pigment in relation to bioarcheological factors. This work examines the relationship between the presence or absence of ocher within a burial and chronology, age, sex, mobility, funerary behavior, and spatial organization to understand whether there was a relationship between selective use of ocher and these attributes. The results found a relationship between ocher use and burial chronology, grave type, grave goods, and age. Multivariate analysis demonstrates that age interacts with the other predictors of ocher. Burials without ocher are almost exclusively those of perinates, these were commonly small, shallow “scoop” burials without grave goods. The presence of ocher in ~38% of perinate burials illustrates the complexity of selective pigment use and demonstrates the need for further research.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oa.3348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A visual guide for the Brabant index to score dental macrowear quantity and direction Brabant指数评价牙体大磨损量和方向的视觉指南

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3349

Judyta Olszewski, Jason Hemingway, Victoria E. Gibbon

{"title":"A visual guide for the Brabant index to score dental macrowear quantity and direction","authors":"Judyta Olszewski, Jason Hemingway, Victoria E. Gibbon","doi":"10.1002/oa.3349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3349","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to reduce subjectivity bias in scoring dental macrowear quantity and direction using the Brabant index, which previously relied solely on written descriptions. To achieve this, we present a new, optimized visual guide incorporating buccal and lingual scores. The optimization process involved conceptualizing and illustrating a visual guide using Holocene southern African hunter-gatherer and herder teeth, featuring both buccal and lingual scores for multicuspid teeth. The guide was hand-drawn using a stippling technique and digitized to depict surface details for each wear stage and tooth type. We conducted intra- and inter-observer assessments to evaluate the optimized method using both the original and optimized Brabant indices. Statistical analysis was performed in R using Cohen's kappa for direction and Cohen's weighted kappa for quantity. Intra-observer results for the original method yielded kappa values of 0.84 for direction and 0.94 for quantity, while the optimized version both resulted in improved values of 0.99. Inter-observer results revealed some differences between an inexperienced and an experienced observer. The inexperienced observer achieved kappa scores of 0.20 for direction and 0.86 for quantity with the original method, and 0.17 and 0.80, respectively, with the optimized version. The experienced observer's results using the original index were 0.66 for direction and 0.89 for quantity, and 0.75 and 0.96, respectively, with the optimized version. These findings demonstrate that the optimized method enhances data reliability for experienced observers, highlighting the value of a published visual guide and multicuspid scoring adjustments. However, reduced or unappreciable changes in accuracies for the inexperienced observer illustrate the need for dental expertise when scoring for dental wear, even with a modified method.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oa.3349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of urbanization on growth patterns of non-adults in medieval England 中世纪英格兰城市化对非成人生长模式的影响

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3347

Sina D. White, Sophie L. Newman, Charlotte Primeau, Patrick Mahoney, Chris A. Deter

{"title":"The impact of urbanization on growth patterns of non-adults in medieval England","authors":"Sina D. White, Sophie L. Newman, Charlotte Primeau, Patrick Mahoney, Chris A. Deter","doi":"10.1002/oa.3347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3347","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing urbanization seen during the medieval period (7th to 16th centuries) is associated with adverse living conditions that may have negatively impacted childhood growth via the influence of infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies due to increasing population density and periodic food shortages. This study aims to compare the growth of non-adults (less than 12 years of age) from urban, proto-urban, and rural environments from medieval England to determine whether settlement type influenced child health, and by proxy overall population health, during this period. Tibial and femoral maximum diaphyseal lengths and dental age of non-adults (0–12 years) from urban St. Gregory's Priory (n = 60), urban York Barbican (n = 16), proto-urban Black Gate (n = 38), and rural Raunds (n = 30) were examined using z-scores. The results reveal that non-adults < 2 years from St. Gregory's Priory had the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and York Barbican with the highest growth values. Further, non-adults 2–12 years from York Barbican had the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and St. Gregory's Priory with the higher growth values. The femoral and tibial diaphyseal growth values are explored within the context of breastfeeding and weaning practices, stability of economies, and environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oa.3347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reading between the lines: A study of Harris lines in Middle Holocene foragers of the Cis-Baikal 字里行间的解读：对西斯-贝加尔地区全新世中期觅食者哈里斯纹路的研究

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3340

Lauren M. Michelman, Vladimir I. Bazaliiskii, Andrzej W. Weber, Angela R. Lieverse

{"title":"Reading between the lines: A study of Harris lines in Middle Holocene foragers of the Cis-Baikal","authors":"Lauren M. Michelman, Vladimir I. Bazaliiskii, Andrzej W. Weber, Angela R. Lieverse","doi":"10.1002/oa.3340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3340","url":null,"abstract":"Harris lines (HLs) are radiographically visible transverse lines of thickened bone that develop from temporary growth cessation during early life. Often attributed to physiological stress during development, HLs are frequently observed in the long bones of adolescents and become less visible over time due to bone remodeling. In recent years, the validity of HL as a sign of stress has been called into question and the methods used in studying HL through X-ray analysis scrutinized. In this study, 80 individuals from the Middle Holocene Cis-Baikal region of Siberia, from the Early Neolithic (EN; 7560–6660 HPD cal. BP) and Late Neolithic (LN; 6060–4970 HPD cal. BP), were studied for the presence and severity of HL. Radiographic analysis employed both the traditional clinical anteroposterior (A–P) orientation and a potentially improved mediolateral (M–L) orientation. EN groups in the Cis-Baikal are known to have experienced higher levels than their LN counterparts; thus, if HL reflect stress experiences, we expected to see more HL in the EN population compared with the LN population. We also expected more visible HL in the M–L orientation due to the suggested improvement in capturing more lines compared with the A–P orientation. While the results support the use of M–L orientation during X-ray capture of HL, there was not a higher number of HL in the EN population as expected. Instead, no significant differences were found in HL severity between the EN and LN populations, and age-at-death resulted in a greater effect on HL counts regardless of mortuary site. The results from this study align not with known stress data from the Middle Holocene Cis-Baikal populations but rather with data pertaining to known growth patterns. We therefore advocate against the use of HL as a sign of physiological stress and instead suggest HL as a reflection of bone growth trajectory.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oa.3340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding “local”: Prehispanic Maya mobility and diet at Pacbitun, Belize, using strontium, oxygen, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen isotope values 了解“当地”：利用锶、氧、硫、碳和氮同位素值，了解伯利兹Pacbitun的前西班牙玛雅人的流动性和饮食

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3343

Carolyn Freiwald, Asta Rand, Sheldon Skaggs, Terry G. Powis

{"title":"Understanding “local”: Prehispanic Maya mobility and diet at Pacbitun, Belize, using strontium, oxygen, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen isotope values","authors":"Carolyn Freiwald, Asta Rand, Sheldon Skaggs, Terry G. Powis","doi":"10.1002/oa.3343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3343","url":null,"abstract":"Classic period Maya populations were mobile, and both burial patterns and dietary analyses suggest that many movers were incorporated into local communities. This paper presents a multi-isotopic (Sr, O, S, C, and N) study of the diet and mobility of 18 Late (AD 550–800) and Terminal Classic (AD 800–900) individuals from the site of Pacbitun, Belize. Three distinct isotope systems identify where people lived at different stages of life, from the childhood origins of migrant and local Pacbitun populations to their final residences. The enamel strontium isotope ratios of the Court 3 individuals were higher than local ranges established by faunal and human bone values, suggesting elite migration, or even residential mobility within the polity. Sulfur isotope values reveal information about the local population, where all but one individual in the sample lived at the site for many years before they died. The exception was an isotopically nonlocal individual in a dedicatory deposit, as reported in other studies. Diet also informs on the receiving community and how migrants assimilated, as people with local and nonlocal isotope values ate isotopically similar foods. Individuals from elite site core contexts and those in Pacbitun's peripheral settlements both consumed C4-enriched proteins, though there were more isotopically diverse protein sources in peripheral settlements during the Terminal Classic period. Sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen isotope data also reveal some differences in where food was acquired, including use of nonlocal fauna. Combining isotope systems that sample different body tissues also may blur the line between migrants and locals, terms that may describe the same person at different stages of life and show the need for a more nuanced discussion of ancient mobility.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complex skeletal foot malformation in a Samnite “warrior grave” from Abruzzo, southern Italy (8th–5th century BCE) 意大利南部阿布鲁佐（公元前8 - 5世纪）萨姆尼特人“战士坟墓”中复杂的骨骼足畸形

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3350

Stefania Luciani

{"title":"Complex skeletal foot malformation in a Samnite “warrior grave” from Abruzzo, southern Italy (8th–5th century BCE)","authors":"Stefania Luciani","doi":"10.1002/oa.3350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3350","url":null,"abstract":"This report describes a male skeleton recovered from the Samnite necropolis of Barrea (Abruzzo, 8th–5th century BCE), showing one malformed foot consistent with the diagnosis of unilateral congenital clubfoot associated with tarsal and tarsometatarsal coalitions in the same foot. This finding is particularly noteworthy because tarsal coalitions in congenital equinovarus foot have rarely been reported in medical literature, and to our knowledge, never in the paleopathological record. The recovery of this individual with impaired locomotion from a grave containing a complete array of weapons and armor sheds new light on the occupant's identity and social attitudes toward disabled people in Samnite society. In mortuary archaeology, the correlation between warrior burials and social identity in life of the dead in ancient times is a widely debated issue. Some scholars assert that the weapons in these graves suggest the existence of a warrior class; others propose that the military items of the burial assemblage indicate a high social status or significant power. This study suggests that in Samnite society, physical impairment did not prevent someone from being honored as a warrior or high-status community member.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oa.3350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A skeletal dysplasia leading to a perinatal death in 17th–19th century Lisbon, Portugal 17-19 世纪葡萄牙里斯本导致围产期死亡的骨骼发育不良症

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3338

Marina Lourenço, Eugénia Cunha, Carolina Meco, Francisco Curate

{"title":"A skeletal dysplasia leading to a perinatal death in 17th–19th century Lisbon, Portugal","authors":"Marina Lourenço, Eugénia Cunha, Carolina Meco, Francisco Curate","doi":"10.1002/oa.3338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3338","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital skeletal disorders are a heterogeneous group of anomalies that become evident during gestation. They are expressed in the shape and growth of the bones during development because of a defective genetic background. With the follow-up of pregnant women and the advances in prenatal ultrasonographic examination and molecular genetic tests, nowadays, congenital skeletal disorders are identified at an early gestational age. If they are considered lethal, the termination of pregnancy is advised. This work unveils an exceptional instance of a rare pathological condition identified in a perinate (birth ± 2 weeks) from the 17th to 19th centuries, recovered during an excavation at the cloister of the São Domingos Convent in Lisbon, Portugal. The skeleton presents with exuberant modifications that include, among others, severe shortening (micromelia) and bowing of the long bones of the upper and lower limbs. The main skeletal findings indicated a presumptive general diagnosis of skeletal dysplasia, while the differential diagnosis includes hypophosphatasia, campomelic dysplasia, achondrogenesis, thanatophoric dysplasia, and severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans (SADDAN) as the most plausible causes for the observed skeletal changes. Even though an exact diagnosis is unattainable based only on the macroscopic analysis of the bones, the phenotypic features observed in this perinate are more consistent with thanatophoric dysplasia type 1.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Upper Paleolithic horse mandible with an embedded lithic projectile: Insights into 16,500 cal BP hunting strategies through a unique case of bone injury from Cantabrian Spain 带有嵌入式石片的旧石器时代上层马下颌骨：通过坎塔布里亚西班牙的一个独特骨伤案例了解公元前 16500 年的狩猎策略

IF 1.1 3区历史学

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1002/oa.3346

Marián Cueto, Edgard Camarós, Adriana Chauvin, Roberto Ontañón, Pablo Arias

{"title":"An Upper Paleolithic horse mandible with an embedded lithic projectile: Insights into 16,500 cal BP hunting strategies through a unique case of bone injury from Cantabrian Spain","authors":"Marián Cueto, Edgard Camarós, Adriana Chauvin, Roberto Ontañón, Pablo Arias","doi":"10.1002/oa.3346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.3346","url":null,"abstract":"Embedded artifacts in osteoarchaeological remains may be key to approaching hunting strategies and other behavioral-related issues such as technological development. However, that kind of evidence is not common within the archaeological record and often not well-characterized, especially for faunal remains from prehistoric sites. Here, we present and discuss a unique case of a horse (Equus caballus) mandible with an embedded lithic remains from the Upper Paleolithic (ca. 17,300–16,200 cal BP) from La Garma cave in Cantabria, Spain. Our macro- and microscopic faunal and lithic integrated analysis suggests that the case presented here is a potential perimortem hunting lesion, representing an uncommon hunting strategy during the Magdalenian period. Furthermore, this study, representing the first case of its kind in the Iberian Peninsula, emphasizes the importance of the taphonomic analysis of bone surfaces to approach the understanding of past human behaviors.","PeriodicalId":14179,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oa.3346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0