International journal of neuropharmacology最新文献_第8页

A possible cholinergic link in olivo-cochlear inhibition 胆碱能可能与耳蜗-耳蜗抑制有关

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90034-3

Paul S. Guth, Jose Amaro

{"title":"A possible cholinergic link in olivo-cochlear inhibition","authors":"Paul S. Guth, Jose Amaro","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90034-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90034-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Electrical stimulation of the crossed olivo-cochlear bundle (OCB) of the anesthetized cat produces an inhibition of sound-evoked VIII nerve action potentials. The OCB has been shown to contain acctylcholinesterase (Churchillet al., 1956) and synaptic vesicles (Engstroem, 1958). It was therefore suggested that the OCB exerted its inhibitory effect by neurohumoral means and that the neurohumor might be acetylcholine (ACh). Hemicholinium number 3 (HC-3) was employed in the present study as a means for testing the hypothesis that ACh is involved in OCB-induced inhibition.Cats anesthetized with pentobarbital and with left middle ear muscle tendons severed were employed. Sound-evoked potentials were recorded from the left cochlear round window. The crossed OCB was stimulated electrically. All experimental drugs were injected via a cannula in the left axillary artery. Atropine (0.5–5 mg/kg), dihydro-β-erythroidine (2–10 mg/kg) and mecamylamine (2–5 mg/kg) infections did not antagonize OCB-induced inhibition. HC-3 (5 mg/kg) in the majority of cats reduced the OCB-induced inhibition. Choline injections and resting the preparation momentarily reversed the effect of HC-3. Under similar conditions, d-tubocurarine (2 mg/kg) produced no change in OCB-induccd inhibition.</div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 49-53, IN5-IN09"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90034-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16858048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Relationships between brain catecholamine synthesis, pituitary adrenal function and the production of hypertension during prolonged exposure to environmental stress 长期暴露于环境压力下，脑儿茶酚胺合成、垂体肾上腺功能与高血压产生的关系

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90032-X

Harold H. Smookler, Joseph P. Buckley

{"title":"Relationships between brain catecholamine synthesis, pituitary adrenal function and the production of hypertension during prolonged exposure to environmental stress","authors":"Harold H. Smookler, Joseph P. Buckley","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90032-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90032-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Male rats were subjected to environmental stresses consisting of flashing lights, audiogenic stimulation and oscillation for 20 weeks on a randomized schedule. The mean systolic blood pressure in the stressed animals rose to 150mm Hg±1.01 by week 8 and ranged between 150 and 160 mm Hg for the remaining 12 weeks, whereas the mean systolic pressure of the non-stressed animals fluctuated between 110 and 120mm Hg throughout this same period of time. Serum corticosterone level in the stressed animals were approximately 3 times higher than controls for the first 4 weeks of exposure; however, by the end of week 5. serum corticosterone declined dramatically in the stressed group and was significantly lower than controls, after which serum corticosterone levels exhibited a cyclic pattern at approximately 6-week intervals. No significant alterations were observed in brain NE and DA and serum FFA throughout the 20-week stress exposure. In a second study, rats received 100 mg kg p.o. ofL-α-methyltyrosine. At the end of weeks 2 and 4, brain NE was depleted by more than 80° in the stressed treated group, whereas brain NE in the non-stressed treated animals was depleted by approximately 45°. indicating a significant increase in the turnover of brain NE The elevated turnover of brain NE returned to control values by the end of the 6th week. In addition, a-MT prevented the stress-induced elevation in systolic blood pressure. These data indicate a close temporal relationship between brain NE synthesis rate and adrenocortical steroid secretion as well as demonstrating that a-MT is an effective antihypertensive agent in stress-induced hypertension.</div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90032-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16858046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 52

Effects of adrenalectomy and repeated convulsions on responses of rats to flurothyl 肾上腺切除术和反复惊厥对大鼠氟醚反应的影响

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90035-5

W. Marvin Davis, Mei Quey Su

引用次数: 0

Central and reflexogenic cardiovascular actions of prostaglandin E1 前列腺素E1的中枢和反射性心血管作用

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90030-6

Harvey R. Kaplan , George J. Grega , Gerald P. Sherman, Joseph P. Buckley

{"title":"Central and reflexogenic cardiovascular actions of prostaglandin E1","authors":"Harvey R. Kaplan , George J. Grega , Gerald P. Sherman, Joseph P. Buckley","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90030-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90030-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The centrally mediated cardiovascular effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) were investigated using cross-circulation procedures. PGE1 was injected into the arterial inflow (IA-R) of vascularly isolated, ncurally intact heads of anesthetized recipient dogs. Following the administration of 5 and 10 μg/kg of PGE1 (IA-R) consistent depressor responses occurred in the donor dogs and in the recipient's isolated trunk. The administration of 5 and 10 μg/kg of PGE1 (IA-R) to debuffered recipients (carotid sinus-body areas bilaterally denervated) elicited centrally mediated pressor responses in the recipient's trunk paralleled by depressor effects in the donor and a decline in the recipient's perfusion pressure. Centrally mediated pressor responses of angiotensin II were inhibited by PGE1 only in the non-debuffered recipients. Pressor responses to PGE1 in debuffcrcd recipients were blocked by the ganglionic blocking agent, hexamethonium. These data plus results from the intra-artcrial administration of PGE1 into the carotid sinus area before and after denervation suggest that the carotid sinusbody structures, most likely the baroreceptors, are primarily implicated in the hypotensive response to PGE1 in the non-debuffered recipient's trunk. On the other hand, the central nervous systemper se appears to be involved in mediation of the central pressor responses obtained in the debuffered preparations. This study provides evidence for the involvement of the carotid sinus-body structures and the central nervous system as additional loci for the cardiovascular effects of PGE1.</div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 15-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90030-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15413413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Activity of antihistamines in laboratory antidepressant tests 实验室抗抑郁试验中抗组胺药的活性

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90037-9

A. Barnett, R.I. Taber, F.E. Roth

{"title":"Activity of antihistamines in laboratory antidepressant tests","authors":"A. Barnett, R.I. Taber, F.E. Roth","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90037-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90037-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>A series of antihistamines with widely differing chemical structures and pharmacological profiles have been compared to the standard antidepressants, imipramine and amitriptyline, in four laboratory antidepressant tests. Dexchlorpheniramine and tripelennamine are examples of antihistamines which were effective antagonists of tetrabenazine ptosis in mice, mouse-killing behavior in rats, and reserpine hypothermia in both species. Other antihistamines such as cyproheptadine, pyrilamine and promethazine were ineffective in these tests. The effectiveness of dexchlorpheniramine and tripelennamine in these procedures was equal to or greater than that of imipramine or amitriplyline. Potentiation of methamphetamine-induced excitation differed from other antidepressant tests because amitriplyline was ineffective, whereas promethazine, ineffective in other antidepressant tests, was a potent potentiator of methamphetamine.After screening a series of nineteen clinically effective antihistamines for ability to prevent tetrabenazine-induced ptosis, it was found that all antihisiamines tested which are structurally related to pheniramine (alkylamine type) were effective tetrabenazine antagonists. Structural modifications of chlorpheniramine which cause severe reductions in antihistamine potency, did not affect anti-tetrabenazine activity. It is concluded that there is no correlation between antihistamine activity and activity in the aforementioned selected tests for antidepressant activity.</div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90037-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15494637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Effect of drugs on turnover rate of heart norepinephrine 药物对心脏去甲肾上腺素周转率的影响

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90028-8

Ladislav Volicer , Watson D. Reid

引用次数: 13

Catecholamine and serotonin in granulated vesicles of nerve endings in the pineal gland of the rat 大鼠松果体神经末梢颗粒囊中的儿茶酚胺和血清素

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90029-X

Amanda Pellegrino De Iraldi, Roberto Gueudet

{"title":"Catecholamine and serotonin in granulated vesicles of nerve endings in the pineal gland of the rat","authors":"Amanda Pellegrino De Iraldi, Roberto Gueudet","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90029-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90029-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div>p-Chloropherrylalaninc, a drug that selectively inhibits the synthesis of serotooin, has been used in order to invcstigate the localization of this amine in nerves of the pineal gland of rats. Glands of normal and treated rats were studied under the electron microscope, after fixing with osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde, and applying specific histochemistry for catechol and indolamines. Fluorometric determinations of scrotonin, noradrenalinc and dopaminc were also made in normal and treated glands. In normal glands about 35 % of granulated vesicles were observed in nerve endings fixed with osmium tetroxide or glutaraldehyde. After treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine the dense core of the granulated vesicles disappeared in glands fixed with glutaraldehyde but remained unchanged or increased in number in those fixed in osmium tetroxide. p-Chlorophcnylalanine produced an 87% decrease in serotonin content of the pineal gland while noradrenalinc and dopamine content did not diminish, The correlation between morphological and biochemical data suggests that both catechol and indolamines are stored in granulated vesicles in the pineal nerves of the rat. This assumption was confirmed with the specific histochemical technique of wood to differentiate catechol and indolamines.</div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 9-14, IN1-IN4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90029-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16858051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Effects of chronic d-amphetamine sulfate administration during development in rats 慢性硫酸d-安非他命对大鼠发育的影响

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90033-1

Barbara S. Uehling

引用次数: 11

Regional development of acetylcholinesterase activity in the maternally reared and maternally deprived cat 母养和母剥夺猫乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的区域发展

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90031-8

A. Kling, S. Finer, J. Gilmouk

引用次数: 8

Contents, author index to volume 8, subject index to volume 8 目录，作者索引至第8卷，主题索引至第八卷

International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90067-7

引用次数: 0