International Journal of Gynecological Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Antibody-drug conjugates in gynecologic cancer: current landscape, clinical data, and emerging targets.","authors":"Jinhui He, Mi Chen, Li Jia, Ying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are an emerging class of targeted therapies that combine monoclonal antibodies with potent cytotoxic payloads, demonstrating significant potential in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies. By selectively targeting tumor-associated antigens, ADCs enable precise drug delivery while minimizing off-target toxicity. Currently, mirvetuximab soravtansine and tisotumab vedotin have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of folate receptor-alpha-positive, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer and recurrent cervical cancer, respectively, exhibiting promising objective response rates and manageable toxicity profiles in pivotal clinical trials. However, ADC therapy faces challenges, including ocular toxicity, pulmonary toxicity, peripheral neuropathy, tumor antigen heterogeneity, and acquired resistance. Additionally, multiple investigational ADCs, such as upifitamab rilsodotin (targeting NaPi2b), trastuzumab deruxtecan (targeting HER2), and sacituzumab govitecan (targeting trophoblast cell surface antigen 2), have demonstrated preliminary efficacy in ongoing clinical trials, offering new therapeutic opportunities for gynecologic malignancies. This review comprehensively summarizes the current clinical applications and research progress of ADCs in gynecologic cancers, including key clinical trials, therapeutic efficacy, safety profiles, and associated challenges. Furthermore, we discuss future optimization strategies, including the identification of novel targets, rational combination therapies, and molecular design improvements to advance ADC-based precision treatment in gynecologic oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":"35 9","pages":"101978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive genomic profiling and clinico-pathologic characterization of primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma.","authors":"Matteo Bruno, Elisa De Paolis, Angelo Minucci, Alessia Piermattei, Giulia Maneri, Angela Santoro, GianFranco Zannoni, Giovanni Scambia, Carolina Maria Sassu, Francesca Ciccarone, Camilla Nero, Claudia Marchetti, Anna Fagotti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.102010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.102010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Primary ovarian leiomyosarcomas are exceptionally rare, accounting for less than 0.1% of ovarian malignancies. Their treatment strategies remain poorly defined, and data on comprehensive genomic profiling are lacking. This study aims to characterize the pathological features and genomic landscape of primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma, highlighting similarities with uterine leiomyosarcomas based on available literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 7 histologically confirmed cases of primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma diagnosed between 2013 and 2023 at a tertiary referral center. Clinical data, histopathological findings, and immunohistochemical profiles were reviewed. Genomic profiling was performed using the TruSight Oncology 500 assay, targeting 523 cancer-related genes. Only oncogenic or likely oncogenic alterations (Tier classification system I-II) were considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IA disease and underwent radical surgery. Two patients experienced pelvic recurrence; both showed increased Ki-67 and complete loss of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the relapsed tumors. Histologically, tumors exhibited spindle or epithelioid morphology with variable atypia and mitotic indices. Genomic profiling revealed a high prevalence of TP53 (71%) and PTEN (57%) alterations. Additional copy number alterations were identified in homologous recombination repair genes (BRCA2, CHEK1/2, and ATM), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family members (FGF7/9/14), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta. Tumor mutational burden was low to medium in all cases, and microsatellite status was stable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Primary ovarian leiomyosarcomas exhibit a complex genomic landscape marked by genomic instability, sharing key alterations with uterine leiomyosarcomas. TP53 and PTEN mutations may play a central role in their pathogenesis. This first genomic profiling analysis of ovarian leiomyosarcomas provides a basis for further research and potential targeted therapeutic approaches in this rare malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":"35 9","pages":"102010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of PD-L1, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and CD117 in vulvovaginal melanoma.","authors":"Chiau-Sheng Jang, I-Chieh Chuang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Vulvovaginal melanoma represents a rare and aggressive melanoma subtype with distinct mutation patterns, such as a higher frequency of KIT (CD117) mutations, and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. This study investigated the prognostic implications of PD-L1 expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and CD117 expression in patients with vulvovaginal melanoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on histologically confirmed vulvovaginal melanoma cases diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2020. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to assess PD-L1 and CD117 expression, while TIL density was graded using published guidelines. Associations between PD-L1 expression and key clinicopathological features were also evaluated. The primary outcome was disease-specific survival, defined as the interval from diagnosis to death specifically attributable to vulvovaginal melanoma, analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 47 patients, 70% presented with advanced-stage disease (stage III-IV). PD-L1 expression was detected in 22 patients (47%), and brisk TIL infiltration was observed in 12 patients (26%). PD-L1 positivity correlated with advanced disease stage (p = .002), non-brisk/absent TILs (p = .003), and lymphovascular invasion (p = .047). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly better disease-specific survival in PD-L1-negative tumors (3-year disease-specific survival: 48% vs 18%, p = .008) and in tumors with brisk TIL infiltration (3-year disease-specific survival: 67% vs 21%, p = .003). Combined stratification identified PD-L1-negative/brisk TIL tumors as the most favorable subgroup, while PD-L1-positive/non-brisk/absent TIL tumors exhibited the poorest prognosis (p < .001). In multivariate analysis, PD-L1 expression (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.55, p = .015), TIL status (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89, p = .012), and disease stage (HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.81, p = .004) remained independent prognostic factors. Additionally, CD117 positivity was observed in 30% of tumors (n = 14), although its prognostic significance was not retained in multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study establishes PD-L1 expression and TIL density as independent prognostic factors in vulvovaginal melanoma, suggesting their potential utility for risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":"35 9","pages":"101996"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to 'Effect of substantial lymphovascular space invasion on location of first disease recurrence in surgical stage I endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma' [International Journal of Gynecological Cancer Volume 35 Issue 4 (2025) 101651].","authors":"Christian Dagher, Pernille Bjerre Trent, Rofieda Alwaqfi, Ben Davidson, Lora H Ellenson, Qin Zhou, Alexia Iasonos, Jennifer J Mueller, Kaled Alektiar, Vicky Makker, Jacqueline Feinberg, Evan Smith, Sarah H Kim, Sana Hatoum, Mario M Leitao, Nadeem R Abu-Rustum, Ane Gerda Z Eriksson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"101962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to 'Factors influencing surgeons' decision for diverting ileostomy and associated complications in ovarian cancer cytoreductive surgery' [International Journal of Gynecological Cancer Volume 35 Issue 4 (2025) 101640].","authors":"Liat Hogen, Thirushi Siriwardena, Lina Salman, Marcus Q Bernardini, Sarah E Ferguson, Stephane Laframboise, Genevieve Bouchard-Fortier, Eshetu G Atenafu, Taymaa May","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101959","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"101959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to 'Chemo-conization in Early-sTage cERvical caNcer >2 cm scheduled for fertility-sparing approach: an analysis of the ETERNITY project' [International Journal of Gynecological Cancer Volume 35 Issue 4 (2025) 101643].","authors":"Giorgio Bogani, Giovanni Scambia, Mario Malzoni, Jvan Casarin, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Frédéric Amant, Francesco Raspagliesi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101960","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"101960"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence on \"Large-scale analysis to identify risk factors for ovarian cancer\" by Madakkatel et al.","authors":"Souichi Oka, Yoshiyasu Takefuji","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.102000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.102000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"102000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upholding standard-of-care oncological treatment in the context of pregnancy.","authors":"Irina Tsibulak, Pedro T Ramirez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.102024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.102024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":"35 9","pages":"102024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clear cell carcinoma of the cervix positive for HPV16.","authors":"Christine G T Nguyen, Benjamin F Smith, Athena Chen, Jenna Emerson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"101907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of prior adjuvant radiotherapy on immunotherapy outcomes in recurrent endometrial cancer.","authors":"Tao Guo, Yuxi Zhao, Jia Zeng, Enyu Tang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Lingying Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijgc.2025.101937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the impact of adjuvant external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) following initial surgery on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with recurrent endometrial cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-institution retrospective cohort study. Patients who underwent initial surgery for endometrial cancer and received immunotherapy for recurrence between January 2020 and December 2023 were recruited. Patients who received post-operative EBRT were assigned to the EBRT group. Patients who did not undergo EBRT or who received brachytherapy without EBRT were assigned to the control group. Progression-free survival was used as the end point. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for comparing progression-free survival. The multi-variate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 91 patients were included in the analysis; 33 had a history of EBRT, while 58 had not received prior EBRT. In Kaplan-Meier curves, patients who did not receive EBRT showed a numerically lower risk of disease progression (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.90, p = .010). In multi-variate analysis, EBRT (HR 5.28, 95% CI 1.54 to 22.06) and proficient mismatch repair/micro-satellite instability-low/micro-satellite stable status (HR 3.15, 95% CI 1.19 to 8.90) were risk factors for disease progression during immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with recurrent endometrial cancer who received immunotherapy, the therapeutic efficacy may be compromised by prior post-operative adjuvant EBRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":14097,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"101937"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}