Sajjad Fekrijaski, M. Zare, M. Soleimani-Ahmadi, K. Soleimani, Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi
{"title":"Pediatric Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Hormozgan Province, Southeast Iran during 2016-2020: A Descriptive Epidemiological Study","authors":"Sajjad Fekrijaski, M. Zare, M. Soleimani-Ahmadi, K. Soleimani, Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.4.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.4.224","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an important infectious disease that affects all age groups, especially children, in endemic areas. This study aimed to investigate epidemiological aspects of pediatric (children under 15 years old) cutaneous leishmaniasis (PCL) in Hormozgan province, southeast Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from 2010 to 2020. In this study, data were obtained from two databases, including the disease surveillance system of the Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences and epidemiological registration forms completed by leishmania focal points in the regional health centers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and t-test using SPSS ver.21 software. Results: In total, 394 confirmed cases of PCL were recorded. The PCL incidence rate was found to decrease from 10.37/100000 cases in 2016 to 7.85/100000 in 2020. The mean age of the patients was 5.2 ±3.8 years, and most of the cases (239/394; 60.7%) belonged to the 0 to 5-year-old group. The mean number of lesions was 1.5 per person, and most of the lesions were observed on the face followed by hands. Compared to females, the infection rate was higher in males, and 264 of the cases (67%) were observed in rural areas. The higher incidence of PCL was observed in winter and fall with 183(46.5%) and 78(19.8%) cases, respectively. Conclusion: our findings confirm that pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in Hormozgan province, with more prevalent in children. Appropriate educational interventions for prevention along with active surveillance for rapid detection and treatment of the patients should be considered to reduce the prevalence of PCL in this province.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128359054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muslihudeen Adedamola Ibikunle, R. Afolabi, S. Bello
{"title":"Job Satisfaction and Psychological Distress among Teachers in Selected Schools in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Muslihudeen Adedamola Ibikunle, R. Afolabi, S. Bello","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.4.266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.4.266","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Job satisfaction is a metric for measuring satisfaction with life and emotional health among employees. This study aims to examine job satisfaction and the relationship between job satisfaction and psychological distress among secondary school teachers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among 476 teachers in nine public schools and six private secondary schools in Ibadan. Data were collected within the time period of July-August 2021. In this study, job satisfaction was assessed using a single item on a five-point scale. The Likert and the GHQ-scoring methods were adopted for the GHQ-12 instrument to examine psychological distress. In addition, the association between job satisfaction and psychological distress was established using the correlation and a chi-square test. Results: Respondents’ mean age was 38.1± 9.0 years. Overall, 307 (64.5%) expressed satisfaction with their job. The psychological distress burden was 197/476 (41.4%) as assessed by Likert scoring and 168/476 (35.3%) as assessed by the GHQ-scoring of the GHQ-12 instrument. Job satisfaction scores and the GHQ instrument scores had a low significant negative correlation (r = 0.2, p = 0.01). Conclusion: In general, a low significant association was observed between job satisfaction and psychological distress among teachers in the secondary schools. Therefore, it is recommended that a cohort study be carried out to examine a causal link between job satisfaction and psychological distress.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"12 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133050562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Mordouei, Mahmood Sheikhfathollahi, M. Rezaeian, H. Ahmadinia, Mohsen Mirzaei, M. Safarian, R. Vazirinejad
{"title":"The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA-p) Scale in Patients with Positive Angiography","authors":"Z. Mordouei, Mahmood Sheikhfathollahi, M. Rezaeian, H. Ahmadinia, Mohsen Mirzaei, M. Safarian, R. Vazirinejad","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.4.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.4.217","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Cardiovascular disease often leads to limitations in patient activities. Therefore, providing a valid and reliable tool to measure the level of participation and autonomy can be used for improving their health. This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of a participation and autonomy scale (IPA-p) in patients with positive angiography. Materials and Methods: This psychometric properties assessment study was conducted recruiting 202 positive angiography patients referred to a cardiovascular diseases clinic in Rafsanjan in 2017. Ten experts were also recruited to help assess the face and content validity. Criterion validity of the scale was assessed by calculating the correlation of the two sets of scores collected from patients and their relatives. To compute the construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Scale reliability was also evaluated. Results: The content validity index was 0.94. The correlation coefficient between the scores of the completed questionnaires by patients and their relatives ranged between 0.443 and 1.0. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 9 factors, explaining about 73% of the total variance of the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the fitting of the model. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.962, the coefficient of Split-half was 0.825, the Intera-class correlation coefficient was 0.363, and the coefficient of Test-retest was 0.807. Conclusion: Present findings the Persian version of the IPA scale to be a valid and reliable questionnaire for assessing participation and autonomy in patients with positive angiography. More investigation is recommended.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122612157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ghaneian, Azam Tarfiei, M. Ehrampoush, M. Lotfi, M. Namayandeh, A. Adamizadeh, Naeimeh Keyghobdy
{"title":"An Epidemiological Survey on Factors Related to Traffic Accidents in Yazd City, Center of Iran (2016-2018)","authors":"M. Ghaneian, Azam Tarfiei, M. Ehrampoush, M. Lotfi, M. Namayandeh, A. Adamizadeh, Naeimeh Keyghobdy","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.4.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.4.231","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Traffic accident injuries are a major public health problem. They include sufferings in terms of physical, emotional, and financial losses of the individual, family, and country. This study aimed to investigate the traffic accidents leading to injuries or deaths and its related factors in Yazd city, the center of Iran during 2016-2018. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study that examined the causes of all traffic accidents registered in traffic police accidents in Yazd city (during 2016-2018). The data were collected using recorded checklists (accident information is recorded by traffic experts attending at the scene). Independent sample t-test, chi-square, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Result: The total number of people involved in these accidents were 1482, including 25 (1.2%) cyclists, 624 (30%) motorcyclists, 183 (8.8%) pedestrians, 321 (15.4%) passengers, and 929 (44.6%) vehicle drivers. Further, 1) Types of involved vehicles (light vehicles-58%), 2) occurrence time (4-8 p.m.-28.9%), 3) age of drivers (16 to 30 years old41.1%), 4) educational status (diploma and high school-60.1%), and 5) gender (males82.2%) were reported as contributing factors of accidents. Conclusion: Understanding the risk factors affecting the severity of accidents is required for the development of safety countermeasures. Control of unauthorized speed, and the serious warning for the use of helmets and seat belts could reduce the risk of injuries. Therefore, preventive measures and targeted interventions should be considered to reduce the risk of being involved in crashes.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114275964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shohre Alian Samakkhah, F. Tooryan, K. Hushmandi, R. Partovi
{"title":"Prevalence of Parasitic Infections in the Liver of Slaughtered Animals and Its Economic Losses in Modern Slaughterhouses of Mazandaran Province during 2018-2019; A Retrospective Study","authors":"Shohre Alian Samakkhah, F. Tooryan, K. Hushmandi, R. Partovi","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.4.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.4.209","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Regarding the consequences of parasitic infections, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and types of parasitic infections in the liver of slaughtered animals and their economic losses. Methods and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 510,802 and 501,108 head of livestock, respectively, in 2018 and 2019, including different species of cattle, sheep, and goats in the modern slaughterhouse of Mazandaran province. All recorded livers were evaluated using macroscopic, observational, and palpation methods. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and the Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of parasitic infection of hydatid cyst in 2018 was 6.37% in sheep (liver), 2.40% in cattle, and 1.90% in goats; further, in 2019, it was 8.06% in sheep, 2.83% in goats, and 1.35% in cattle. According to the results, the prevalence of hydatid cyst was significantly higher in sheep liver than those in cattle and goats. After hydatidosis, fasciolosis was most prevalent in the liver of slaughtered animals. The highest seasonal prevalence of parasitic infections in the liver was observed in spring and summer, respectively. The average overall direct economic loss during the years of the study was estimated to be 82,362,000,000 Rial, equivalent to 588,300 USD. Conclusions: The rate of contamination of slaughtered animals with hydatid cysts and Fasciola is high due to the zoonotic nature of these parasites, and the damage caused by the extermination of infected areas imposes high costs on society; thus, preventive measures should be taken in livestock in this area.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133470986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Hokmabadi, F. Mehri, fatemeh fasih ramandi, A. Karimi
{"title":"The Role of High-Risk Behaviors, Fatigue, and Drowsiness in the Occurrence of Road Accidents and Near Miss Accidents among Tehran Truck Drivers in 2019","authors":"R. Hokmabadi, F. Mehri, fatemeh fasih ramandi, A. Karimi","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.4.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.4.258","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Road accidents, as the main causes of mortality and disability in the world, have been seriously endangering human health. Human factors are among the most significant causes of road accidents. This study aimed to investigate the association between high-risk behaviors among truck drivers with their fatigue and drowsiness in the occurrence of road accidents and near miss accidents. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted recruiting 200 truck drivers in Tehran using two-stage cluster sampling method, in 2019. A standard driver safety questionnaire was used to collect data, with its reliability measured by the testretest method. The Fisher's test, a chi-squared test, and the Pearson’s correlation were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the drivers and the mean hour of driving were 47.5 ± 9.05 years and 10.66 ± 2.52 hours, respectively. In addition, the number of accidents had a significant association with the drivers' age, drowsiness, talking on the cell phone, texting, eating snacks, and driving hours. However, it had no significant relationship with drinking tea and smoking. Furthermore, the rate of road accidents had a significant correlation with the drivers' driving time and rest hours. Conclusion: Behaviors and factors, such as talking on the cell phone, texting, eating snacks, long hours of driving per day, long hours of nonstop driving, low rest hours, and drowsiness were among the major causes of accidents among trucks drivers. In this regard, authorities are recommended to run educational courses to modify high-risk driving behaviors so as to reduce road accidents.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126652396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rezayati, A. Sayadi, Ziba Shaabani, Shokoofeh Moghaddam, Azam Bagherizdaeh, F. Iranmanesh, Vahid Ehsani, Fahimeh Mohammadizadeh, Shima Bazaz, A. Jafarzadeh
{"title":"Lower Serum Levels of Antibodies against Tetanus Toxin in Patients with Hypothyroidism","authors":"M. Rezayati, A. Sayadi, Ziba Shaabani, Shokoofeh Moghaddam, Azam Bagherizdaeh, F. Iranmanesh, Vahid Ehsani, Fahimeh Mohammadizadeh, Shima Bazaz, A. Jafarzadeh","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.3.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.3.134","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: A fundamental duty of the immune system is to defend against infectious agents. Significant abnormalities were reported in immune parameters of hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients. In this study, we aim to assess various quantities of antibodies against the tetanus toxin (anti-TT) in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients. Materials and Methods: Anti-TT levels were measured in serum samples from 50 hypothyroid patients, 50 hyperthyroid patients, and 50 euthyroid individuals, using the ELISA method. Besides, the minimum protective quantity of anti-TT was considered 0.1 IU/mL. Results: Seroprotective rates against tetanus were 100, 80, and 96.0 % in euthyroid, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid groups with the means of 3.52 ± 0.31, 1.62 ± 0.21, and 4.07 ± 0.32 IU/ml, respectively. Accordingly, hypothyroid patients exhibited lower anti-TT levels and seroprotective rates than the euthyroid group (P < 0.001 and P<0.004, respectively). Besides, in the hypothyroid group, anti-TT quantities and seroprotective rates were lower than those in hyperthyroid individuals (P < 0.001 and P < 0.03, respectively). Conclusions: The findings demonstrated lower immunity and higher susceptibility to tetanus in patients with hypothyroidism. However, more studies are needed to be conducted in this field to provide more data to be considered in health programs.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114848071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Javad Sheikhmozafari, Parsa Mohammad Alizadeh, O. Ahmadi, Behnaz Mazloomi
{"title":"Assessment of Noise Effect on Employee Comfort in an Open-Plan Office: Validation of an Assessment Questionnaire","authors":"Mohammad Javad Sheikhmozafari, Parsa Mohammad Alizadeh, O. Ahmadi, Behnaz Mazloomi","doi":"10.52547/johe.10.3.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.10.3.193","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Today, open-plan offices are among the most common work environments. Although the noise in these environments is usually below the standard level, it is one of the critical annoyance factors due to the nature of the mental work. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess noise effects on employee comfort and validate the Persian version of the assessment of noise effects on employee comfort in the open-plan office questionnaire in Iran. Materials & Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted in an open-plan office in Shiraz, in 2021. We distributed questionnaires among 66 employees. Besides, we translated the questionnaire using the backward-forward technique, with the alpha coefficient and the intra-class correlation used to measure reliability. Finally, we used the Kappa, Spearman, and Mann-Whitney tests in SPSS V22.0 for data analysis. Results: The validity of the questionnaire items was evaluated as acceptable using Kappa and Spearman's coefficients. Besides, the reliability of the questionnaire, using the ICC and the alpha coefficient, was 0.876 and 0.930, respectively. In this study, the employees were sensitive to noise, and their overall satisfaction with their physical conditions was moderate. In total, 47% of the employees considered the noise level of their working environment high and very high, and 35% considered it annoying or very annoying. Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed that the questionnaire was an effective and reliable tool for noise annoyance assessments in office environments. Besides, we can use this tool to determine improvements required in open-plan offices and to evaluate the efficiency of these improvements.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129692596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}