International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental最新文献

{"title":"Acute and long-term effects of prostaglandin E1 assessed by clinical and microcirculatory parameters in critical limb ischemia: a pilot study.","authors":"H Stricker,&nbsp;U Kaiser,&nbsp;J Frei,&nbsp;F Mahler","doi":"10.1159/000179151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We treated 14 patients suffering from critical limb ischemia (CLI) as defined by the Consensus Document, and in whom possibilities of surgical or percutaneous arterial reconstruction were excluded, by PGE1 60 micrograms i.v. daily during 3 weeks. Effects were evaluated by clinical, macrocirculatory and microcirculatory parameters during a follow-up of 1 year. After treatment with PGE1, we noted a significant reduction in analgesic use and in pain score. The average tcpO2 values on the forefoot in the supine and sitting positions, with or without inhalation of O2 through a face mask, showed a significant improvement after 3 weeks, as well as capillary stage. Laser Doppler flux did not change, but was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in nondiabetics with CLI. In 4 patients (28%) no improvement could be found after 3 weeks' treatment. Although in 6 patients the improvement lasted for up to 4 months, the legs eventually deteriorated. In 4 patients (28%) the legs were preserved after 1 year without further active therapy. No patient with initial tcpO2 values above 40 mm Hg in the supine and 100 mm Hg in the sitting positions during O2 inhalation lost a leg. Although other effects like local care could have influenced the outcome favorably, we noticed a beneficial albeit transient effect of PGE1 for the majority of our patients with CLI. TcpO2 measurements with O2 inhalation might be a valuable predictor of a positive long-term result.</p>","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000179151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19710510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyogenic granuloma stimulates angiogenesis in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane.","authors":"D Ribatti,&nbsp;A Vacca,&nbsp;G Schiraldi,&nbsp;S Sorino,&nbsp;F Caprio,&nbsp;F Mazzotta,&nbsp;L Roncali,&nbsp;E Bonifazi","doi":"10.1159/000179154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ten samples of pyogenic granuloma and 10 of normal skin from age- and sex-matched controls were grafted onto the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) to investigate their possible angiogenic activity. The angiogenic response in pathological and control implants was assessed on histologic sections by a planimetric point-count method 4 days after grafting. The CAM mast cells were also quantified. The vascular counts in the area underlying the pyogenic granuloma were four times higher than those of normal skin. A higher number of mucosa-like mast cells was detected in the intermediate mesenchyme of the CAM in pathological samples in comparison to controls. Pyogenic granuloma may promote angiogenesis leading to release of several angiogenic factors. The role played in angiogenic response by the inflammatory cells, mainly mast cells, forming the perilesional infiltrate was supported by this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000179154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19710511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of neutrophil content in brain and lung tissue by a modified myeloperoxidase assay.","authors":"W M Kuebler,&nbsp;C Abels,&nbsp;L Schuerer,&nbsp;A E Goetz","doi":"10.1159/000179155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity is assessed for the quantification of neutrophil accumulation in tissues. In particular, it may be used to support in vivo data on leukocyte kinetics obtained by intravital microscopy and to clarify whether phenomena observed on the organ surface reflect the situation of the whole organ microcirculation. Previous measurements of MPO activity were limited by interference with other peroxidases and by inhibition of MPO activity by specific enzymes. To circumvent these limitations, a modified assay was devised that combined a two-step tissue homogenization technique with heat incubation in a continuous photometric measurement. MPO activity was quantified in neutrophils isolated from rat and rabbit whole blood, rat brain and rabbit lung and compared with intravital microscopic data on leukocyte accumulation. The modified assay is characterized by high reproducibility, strong correlation of MPO activity with number of neutrophils and full recovery of neutrophils added to tissue homogenate. MPO activity per neutrophil was 342.9 +/- 11.7 mU/10(6) cells in rats and 40.3 +/- 0.8 mU/10(6) cells in rabbits. MPO activity in tissue was significantly lower in rat brains (18.9 +/- 29.7 mU/g) as compared to rabbit lungs (741 +/- 67 mU/g). Whereas global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion did not increase MPO activity in rat brain (18.1 +/- 26.1 mU/g), intravenous infusion of cobra venom factor (1,447 +/- 407 mU/g) or endotoxin (1,439 +/- 285 mU/g), enhanced MPO activity in rabbit lung. These results parallel microcirculatory data from the organ surface. Therefore they supplement the intravital microscopic observations by demonstrating that these are indeed representative of deeper parenchymal tissue areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000179155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19710512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability of intravital capillaroscopic measurement of capillary density.","authors":"M Lamah,&nbsp;H Chaudhry,&nbsp;P S Mortimer,&nbsp;J A Dormandy","doi":"10.1159/000179147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reliability of intravital capillaroscopy for determining capillary density (CD) of skin has been questioned because it depends upon the variability of the measuring process and subjective interpretation of data as well as the intrinsic heterogeneity of capillary spacing. The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of a standardised method for measuring CD of the skin of the dorsum of foot. In each of 30 subjects (10 controls and 20 patients with peripheral vascular disease), the foot was systematically mapped by examining 20 sites on the dorsum of foot and 2 sites on each toe, using white light (native) videomicroscopy at 40 x magnification. Off-line analysis of videoprints was then undertaken to determine CD at each site, by counting capillaries within areas of acceptable photographic quality only, having first defined the criteria for counting capillaries. The mean values were then calculated and taken to represent the CD of the foot or toes. Repeatability of the measuring equipment was first assessed by noting the presence or absence of each corresponding capillary in 2 prints, taken at intervals of hours or days (in 10 subjects) or months (in 2 patients), of an identical area of skin which was marked by a microtattoo on the first occasion. On average, 95% of corresponding capillaries were identified in both prints (from controls and patients), thus implying little intrinsic temporal variation of capillary anatomy as well as excellent repeatability of the measuring equipment. Repeatability of data analysis was assessed by the same observer reading the same 20 prints in a blinded manner on three separate occasions (intraobserver repeatability), and 2 observers reading the same 24 prints (interobserver repeatability). The mean coefficient of intraobserver variation of CD estimate was 5.6% and the interobserver correlation coefficient was 0.94. Finally, overall repeatability of the method was assessed by repeating the procedure on a subsequent occasion (mean time interval of 5 days) in 10 subjects. The rate of agreement in mean CD between the two procedures [defined as 100- (difference between the two measurements/mean of the two measurements) x 100]% ranged from 86.4 to 97.1% (mean 93.5%). Thus using the above methodological technique, native capillaroscopy can be reliably used to determine CD of the dorsum of foot in comparing patient subgroups, as well as in longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000179147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19712242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"6th World Congress for Microcirculation. Munich, Germany, August 25-30, 1996. Abstracts.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19950879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents, Vol. 16, 1996","authors":"M. Preckel, G. Leftheriotis, C. Ferber, C. Degoute, V. Banssillon, J. Saumet, L. Thomson, S. Egginton, M.H.. Simms, O. Hudlická, H. A. Al-Haboubi, B. Ward, S. P. Andrade, C. C. Cardoso, R. D. Machado, W. Beraldo, Margaret D. Brown, D. Damon, B. Duling, G. Jörneskog, B. Fagrell, A. Lentner, V. Wienert","doi":"10.1159/000179185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179185","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77363500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subject Index Vol. 16, 1996","authors":"M. Preckel, G. Leftheriotis, C. Ferber, C. Degoute, V. Banssillon, J. Saumet, L. Thomson, S. Egginton, M.H.. Simms, O. Hudlická, H. A. Al-Haboubi, B. Ward, S. P. Andrade, C. C. Cardoso, R. D. Machado, W. Beraldo, Margaret D. Brown, D. Damon, B. Duling, G. Jörneskog, B. Fagrell, A. Lentner, V. Wienert","doi":"10.1159/000179194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87973262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic-fibroblast-growth-factor-mediated de novo angiogenesis is more effectively suppressed by low-molecular-weight than by high-molecular-weight heparin.","authors":"K Norrby,&nbsp;P Ostergaard","doi":"10.1159/000179145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We recently reported that the subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) fraction significantly inhibited de novo angiogenesis in the mesentery induced by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of saline to adult rats compared with unfractionated heparin and high-molecular-weight heparin (HMWH) fractions. The present study assesses the effect on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-mediated de novo angiogenesis in the mesentery of the systemic administration of a LMWH fraction (2.6 kD) and a series of four HMWH fractions (about 20 kD) with varying degrees of polydispersity, charge density and anticoagulant activity. bFGF, a prototypic heparin-binding angiogenic growth factor, was injected i.p. at 220 pM on days 0-4. The heparins were given s.c. on days 0-13 or 0-14 at doses which were approximately within the range used clinically. Angiogenesis was assessed by microscopic morphometry and image analysis in groups of animals killed on days 14 and 15. Compared with the saline control, the LMWH and three of the HMWHs significantly inhibited angiogenesis in terms of microvascular length (MVL), a measure of microvascular density. Interestingly, the vascularized area (VA), a measure of microvascular spatial extension, and the total microvascular length (VA x MVL) were significantly lower in the LMWH-treated animals than in the animals treated with one of the HMWHs. The total microvascular length was, moreover, significantly reduced in the LMWH-treated animals compared with the combined data of all the HMWH-treated animals. No significant effects were related to the degree of charge density and anticoagulant activity of the heparins. In view of the putative significant angiogenic role of bFGF in human angiogenesis diseases, the present findings may have implications for the choice of anticoagulant treatment modality for patients suffering from cancer and other angiogenesis diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000179145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19712240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the 19th Annual Meeting of the Gesellschaft f ür Mikrozirkulation e.V.","authors":"J. Stingl, D. Hilbelink, J. Rhodin, K. Norrby, P. Østergaard, M. Hahn, T. Klyscz, G. Bohnenberger, M. Jünger, M. Lamah, H. Chaudhry, P. Mortimer, J. Dormandy, A. Creutzig, L. Caspary","doi":"10.1159/000179149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84458251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of iloprost on skin microcirculation.","authors":"A Creutzig,&nbsp;L Caspary","doi":"10.1159/000179148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000179148","url":null,"abstract":"Prof. Andreas Creutzig, MD, Department of Angiology, Medizinische Hochschule, D-30625 Hannover (Germany) Prostanoids like alprostadil and iloprost are often used in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease who are no candidates for surgery or angioplasty. Melillo et al. A[l] stated that evidence about the effect of intravenous prostanoids on cutaneous P(7⁄8 in critical limb ischemia is scarce and somewhat inconsistent. Unfortunately, their report on tcP < 3⁄4 and tcPC(3⁄4 during treatment of critical limb ischemia with iloprost does not elucidate this problem. They found that tcPC1⁄2 in the supine position erratically changed during the treatment period with an increase in only three out of eight limbs. The main disadvantage of this study is that the authors did not use the same dose of iloprost for all patients. Their drug infusion rate varied between 1.0 and 2.0 ng/kg body weight/min. They adopted the manufacturer’s instruction to titrate individually to the maximal tolerated dose. There are not only interindividual differences of microcirculatory responses to iloprost but also a marked dose dependency. It is some years ago that we reported on effects of different doses of iloprost on skin micro-circulation of healthy volunteers and patients with peripheral occlusive disease of different degrees [2]. We found quite variable reactions in the patient group, too. tcP < 3⁄4 (37 °C) decreased in two, but increased in 6 patients, with a maximum either at 0.25-0.5 ng/kg/min (n = 3) or at the highest dose (1.0 or 2.0 ng/kg/min, n = 3). Mean laser Doppler flux was increased, although the reaction was not consistent. We observed an increase of both capillary density and blood cell velocity. In some patients effects of the infusion were pronounced and were visible at low doses, but in others effects did not appear or were found only at the highest dose, when adverse reactions were already present. Effects of iloprost on skin microcirculation in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease are variable to a large extent. Unfortunately, so far predictive parameters are not known. However, from our study as well as from the clinical point of view we feel that the titration of iloprost dosage according to the side effects is not the best way. The question of whether positive effects on the cutaneous microcirculation are predictors of the clinical efficacy is still unsolved. If microcirculatory responders were also clinical responders the adequate dose might be lower (0.25-0.5 ng/kg/min) than those actually employed. This would be desired because side effects are dose-dependent and occur in more than 70% of patients treated with the titrated dose [3]. Actually a recently presented study did not reveal any differences in clinical outcome between low dose and high dose iloprost therapy and the authors concluded that the optimal dose would be < 1.0 ng/kg/min [4].","PeriodicalId":14035,"journal":{"name":"International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000179148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19712244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}