International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"A cross sectional study on prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care centre in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu","authors":"Dilip Manikantan D, S. V, M. S, N. M, Ramya M","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2b.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2b.102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incidence of ROP in India was reported to be 38 to 47%. The emergence of ROP was the end result of complex interaction between multiple factors. Objectives: To find out the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity. To identify the risk factors which predispose to the development and progression of retinopathy of prematurity. Methodology: The present study was hospital based descriptive study carried out in the department of ophthalmology, Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram between January 2020 to March 2021. The study was carried out among infants born during the study period. They were screened for the emergence of ROP. All the sociodemographic and maternal related variables have been recorded on a proforma. The master chart was then created and analysed using SPSS version 26. Results: Out of the 86 study participants, 53.5% were male, 50% belonged to gestational age of > 32 weeks, 73.3% were weighted less than or equal to 1500 grams and 26.7% were >1500 grams, 57% participants’ mothers had normal delivery, 83.7% of the mother had singleton delivery and 76.7% required oxygen supplementation. Among infants with birth weight less than or equal to 1500 grams, 23.8% had ROP, infants whose mother had gestational age <30 weeks, 33.3% infants who received oxygen supplementation had ROP. Among the study infants who had sepsis 58.3% had ROP. In the present study participants who received exchange transfusion 59.3% had developed ROP, variables like phototherapy, mode of delivery and twin delivery were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity was found to be on the higher side in the study population. Lower birth weight, lower gestational age, presence of RDS, history of sepsis and exchange transfusions were found to be the risk factors associated with ROP.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85498710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and comparison of quality of life in different, categories of low vision","authors":"Pandurangaiah Elluru, A. P. Kumar","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2a.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2a.77","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low vision is problem in which it makes hard for the people to do everyday activities and this problem can’t be fixed with glasses, contact lenses, medicines or surgery. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the quality of life in patients with low vision. Materials & Methods: In present study, there were 2 categories of 90 patients each who were joined in the outpatient department of Ophthalmology, Gandhi Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana State. Category 1 consisted of 90 patients of low vision (Moderate visual impairment). Category 2 consisted of 90 patients of low vision (Severe visual impairment). Results: The mean age was 60.22±10.52 and 60.66±8.96 years respectively. 36% were males and 64% were females in category 1 and 57% were males and 43% were females in category 2. Mean comparision of various questionnaires were found to be statistically significant between two categories. Category 2 people have more difficulty in reading ordinary newspaper, small print on telephone book, medicine bottle while wearing glasses and they need help from others due to their poor eye sight. Category 2 people recognise people with more difficulty even though they know the people across the room. Conclusion: In patients of both categories, low vision affects quality of life. This study concluded that Category 2 people have poor quality of life in comparison to Category 1.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80224174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiological distribution of anterior uveitis in a tertiary care centre at Tamil Nadu","authors":"Dr. K Keerthika, Dr. S Manavalan, Dr. V Sridevi, Dr.M. Nithya, Dr.M. Ramya","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2b.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2b.94","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aims to establish the etiological distribution of Anterior Uveitis at a tertiary care centre at Tamilnadu. Study: A Prospective Descriptive type of observational study. Material and Methods:72 patients presented to the Department of Ophthalmology at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, who had been diagnosed with a clinical diagnosis of Anterior Uveitis were examined clinically with a slit lamp and binocular Indirect ophthalmoscopy Patients were investigated appropriately with a follow up period of 6 months. Results: Out of 72 patients diagnosed with Anterior Uveitis, 43.1% of Study Population were diagnosed as having idiopathic etiological factor. 30.6% of the population was affected by Traumatic Iridocyclitis. Followed by Post operative uveitis accounting 8.3% study population. Various other etiology including COVID vaccination, Scrub typhus and Metastasis from breast cancer had also been described in this study. Though HLA-B27 association was common in other studies, in this study 2.8% of the study population were affected. Conclusion: In case of Anterior uveitis, it is vital to evaluate the patient systematically as most often patient have an etiological factor has been associated with either an autoimmune condition or an infectious etiology. Recurrences can be prevented on detecting and treating the systemic association.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91096508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penetrating Keratoplasty a boon in different corneal diseases to improve social life","authors":"Vikas Aili","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2a.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2a.84","url":null,"abstract":"PKP can visually rehabilitate many of those who suffer from visual impairment due to corneal diseases so the primary objective of this study was to report treatment results of patients, who received a total penetrating Keratoplasty for various corneal diseases. Purpose: Review the surgical treatment, anatomical and functional results, and complications of treatment in this group of patients at our institution in terms of graft survival and visual acuity.Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study done in 70 patients admitted in ophthalmology ward, department of Ophthalmology, Basaveshwar teaching general hospital, M.R. Medical college, Kalaburagi over a period of two years. Patients diagnosed with non-healing corneal ulcer, corneal perforation, bullous keratopathy, infectious keratitis, autoimmune disease, injury of the eyeball (mainly chemical burns), and other combined disorders were indicated for total penetrating Keratoplasty After a complete ocular examination, total penetrating Keratoplasty (diameter ≥ 10.0 mm) was performed. The surgical technique involved dissection of affected tissues with a margin of minimum 1.0 mm of non-affected tissue. The size of the corneal graft ranged from 10.0 to 14.0 mm,Results: This group consisted of 36 females, whose mean age was 66.13 ± 9.94 (range 39 to 80 years), and 34 males, whose mean age was 63.69 ± 14.48 (range 32 to 92 years). There was no statistically significant difference with respect to gender and age between both groups. The main cause of surgical treatment failure was persistent epithelial defect, observed in 28 (40%) operated eyes, resulting from decreased corneal sensitivity and impaired tear production. Conclusion: Our study confirms that Full Thickness Penetrating Keratoplasty: Surgical boon and effective tool in management of chronic non-healing microbial corneal ulcer refractory to medical therapy, corneal dystrophy and degenerations and various other corneal diseases at my geographical area. It not only eliminates infection but also maintain globe integrity and improve visual acuity and thus improving social life","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84914519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial profile of corneal ulcer in a tertiary eye care hospital at Tamil Nadu","authors":"Dr. A Vinitha, Dr. S Manavalan, Dr. V Sridevi, Dr.M. Ramya, Dr.M. Nithya","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2b.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i2b.95","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To identify the most common etiological agent in corneal ulceration in a tertiary care eye hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with suspected infectious corneal ulcers presenting to ophthalmology out-patient department in Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital were evaluated. Sociodemographic data and information pertaining to risk factors were recorded. All patients were examined and corneal cultures and scrapings were performed. Results: Of 50 patients microbiological etiology was established in 39 cases (78%). Of these 36(72%) were male. Of 39 positive cases 42% were fungi and 36% were bacterial and 22% showed no growth. The most common isolated fungus was fusarium (67%) followed by aspergillus (33%). Streptococci was the most common isolated bacteria. Conclusion: Routine microbiological examination of patients with corneal ulcer is necessary to analyze the changing trends of the etiology.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80254302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical spectrum of diabetic retinopathy and its correlation with risk factors","authors":"M. Nada, Jyoti Kapoor, Monika Dahiya, Aakash K. Sharma, J. Phogat, Manoj P Shettigar","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.V3.I1B.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.V3.I1B.65","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study the clinical spectrum of diabetic retinopathy and its correlation with its risk factors.Material and Methods: A prospective, cross sectional and unmasked study was done in patients of diabetes mellitus presenting in OPD of RIO, PGIMS Rohtak. Total 60 patients were included in the study which were divided into 3 groups each of 20 patients, based on the duration of DM: Group A 10 years. Staging of retinopathy was done on the basis of International diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema severity scale. Demographical factors like age and sex were correlated with duration of DM. Various clinical forms of diabetic retinopathy ranging from no apparent DR to severe NPDR to PDR were correlated to different laboratory parameters like degree of hyperglycemia, Hb, lipid profile, blood pressure, renal function tests to ascertain correlation between them.Results: Total prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in our study was 56.66%. Males were at higher risk in comparison to females. In our study, duration of disease was found to be strongly associated with diabetic retinopathy and macular edema. Hyperglycemia as measured by FBS and HbA1c is found to be an important risk factor in diabetic retinopathy. Hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, deranged RFT and anaemia is statistically associated with diabetic retinopathy and its severity.Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of preventable blindness. Therefore early diagnosis, timely screening and control of diabetes mellitus is of utmost importance.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76341312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study to determine association between serum uric acid and diabetic retinopathy","authors":"Sasmita Sanghai, Farhat Abrar, V. Malik","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i1a.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i1a.81","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To explore the role of serum uric acid (SUA) concentration in diabetic retinopathy (DR) for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods:The present prospective observational study was conducted in department of Ophthalmology at Chattrapati Shivaji Subharti hospital from December 2019 to November 2020. The diabetic patients were assigned to one of the following groups based on presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy with the help of fundus photographs and/or fundus fluorescein angiography. Results: On correlation analysis, it was found that there is significant relationship between Serum Uric Acid and fundus grading of diabetic retinopathy as r=.310 and p","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88353497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with primary open angle glaucoma in diabetic patients in a tertiary care centre","authors":"N. Rajendran, I. Isaac, Janie Salor, J. Jacob","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.V3.I1A.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.V3.I1A.51","url":null,"abstract":"Primary open angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma accounting for at least half of all the glaucomas. It is also known as chronic open angle glaucoma and chronic simple glaucoma. It is usually asymptomatic until significant visual field loss has happened. Patients usually present with considerable amount of visual field loss in one eye and advanced disease in the other eye. Diabetes Mellitus is one among the risk factors for POAG. Objectives ▪ To study the hospital-based prevalence of POAG among the diabetic patients attending Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences (SMIMS), Kulasekharam. ▪ To study the risk factors associated with POAG. ▪ To screen all diabetic patients for glaucoma. Methods: In this study, 181 diabetic patients, both insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent, attending Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, who came directly to Department of Ophthalmology or who were referred here for evaluation, between December 2016 and August 2018 had been screened to rule out Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG). Results: The results of the study show a clear-cut evidence of increased incidence of POAG in diabetic patients, which was 5%. There is a significant association between age and POAG. No significant association was found between gender and POAG. No significant association was found between duration of DM and prevalence of POAG. Conclusion: Primary Open Angle glaucoma is mostly asymptomatic until significant visual field loss has occurred. Patients usually presents with significant visual field loss in one eye and advanced disease in the other eye. It is associated with irreversible blindness. Thus, the public health importance of detecting undiagnosed and treatable glaucoma, as blindness has economic and societal consequences for the rest of an individual’s life. Several studies have shown an association between POAG and diabetes. From my study, I came to a conclusion that there is a clear-cut evidence of increased incidence of POAG in diabetic patients, which was 5%. Study also showed significant association between age and POAG. However, no significant association was found between gender and POAG as well as between duration of DM and prevalence of POAG.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74387330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective evaluation of retinopathy in diabetes patients with coexisting hypothyroidism","authors":"Dr. A Venkata Satish","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i1b.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i1b.71","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is the cause of 2.6% of global blindness which occur due to diabetic retinopathy caused by long term accumulated damage of small blood vessels in the retina. Hypothyroidism is common endocrine disorders that coexist with diabetes mellitus. Concurrent hypothyroidism, treated with thyroxin, appears to have a sparing effect on the risk of developing retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes.Material and method: This is a prospective observational study conducted in the department of ophthalmology. During our study period we have enrolled 240 patients with diabetes mellitus based on selection criteria and evaluated for diabetic retinopathy and hypothyroidism. A standard diagnostic criterion was followed for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and all patients were assessed by two senior ophthalmologists for detection of retinopathy. Classification of diabetic retinopathy was based on the early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS).Result: Diabetic retinopathy was present in 12(30%) patients in type 2 diabetes mellitus group and 18(45%) patients in type 2 DM plus hypothyroidism group. In DM plus hypothyroidism patients, Mild nonproliferative retinopathy present in 4 (22.22%) patients, Moderate nonproliferative retinopathy 8(44.44%) patients, severe nonproliferative retinopathy 1(5.5%) patients, Early proliferative retinopathy 4(22.22%) patients and High-risk proliferative retinopathy 1(5.5%) patients.Discussion and conclusion: From present study we can conclude that that prevalence of hypothyroidism was higher among type 2DM mellitus patients in comparison to general population without type 2 DM. Diabetic retinopathy was more common on type 2 DM plus hypothyroidism group then type 2 diabetes mellitus group. We have observed that Moderate nonproliferative retinopathy is more common in both group but early proliferative retinopathy is more common in type 2 DM plus hypothyroidism group then yrs type 2 diabetes mellitus group.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80585672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report on delayed presentation of primary congenital glaucoma","authors":"Anukriti, RN Saha","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i1b.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2021.v3.i1b.67","url":null,"abstract":"An asymptomatic 5 year old child presented to OPD with corneal haze, megalocornea and raised intraocular pressure. On fundus examination there was bilateral advanced optic disc damage. Surgical interventions done included Trabeculotomy and Trabeculectomy in the left eye and Trabeculectomy alone was done in the right eye. As in this case asymptomatic nature of the disease led to it’s late presentation which itself is a cause for advanced disc damage. Therefore awareness towards the subclinical subtle signs of congenital glaucoma makes it a point of concern for pediatricians to do proper screening and referral.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86972776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}