International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies最新文献

{"title":"Physical Properties of Bacillus Toxins and Their Larvicidal Activity Against Anopheles Arabiensis Mosquito Larvae","authors":"Manhal Ahmed Hamza, S. M. el-Sanousi","doi":"10.47941/ijbs.1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ijbs.1012","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Biological control has been strongly encouraged by using of entomopathoginic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus. The present study monitored the larvicidal effect of Bacillus thuringiesis and Bacillus sphaericus against Anopheles mosquito larvae and the effect of physical factors on the larvicidal potency on mosquito larvae. \u0000Methodology: Mid-guts of Anopheles mosquito larvae were inoculated on both Blood Agar and MacConkey Agar culture media. Depending on Gram stain to determine gram positive and gram-negative bacteria, and to identify the bacterial cells` morphology. A 1000µl of Bacillus thuringiensis. Sample was heated at 80°C for 12 min and diluted from 10 -1 to l0-8 with sterile normal saline. Bacillus strains were inoculated into Müller Hinton broth media and incubated over-night at 37°C. This time was quite enough to form the spores and crystals. The supernatant fluid was discarded and the cell suspensions were washed with sterile distilled water the process was repeated up to 3 times until spores and crystals were free from debris by using phase contrast microscopy. Collected spores and crystals were kept in sterile containers in fridge until used. \u0000Results: Fifty-three mid-gut contents of Anopheles arabiensis larvae were identified morphologically and biochemically. Bacillus species were the most prevalent bacteria. The highest larval mortality rate was recorded by 5ml of Bt1 and Bt2 after 24 hrs.  of treatment and by 150µl of Bacillus species spore.100% mortality was recorded by the Bacillus spore-crystal mixture. A mortality of 60% was recorded at pH 8.0, by 400 C the mortality rate was 20%at 24 hrs. After 12 hours, the exposure to UV light, larvicidal activity reduced to 40 %.  \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory Policy and Practices: These findings revealed that both B.thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus are a good control agent for Anopheles mosquitoes. More deep investigations are needed to verify the effect of the entomopathogens, which has biological and economic importance in mosquito control. In addition, Intensive studies must be needed to validate reliability.","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89000235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution, eggs number and nutrition content of pila scutata snail in rice fields of Subak Uma Desa, Duda village-Bali","authors":"N. M. Suartini, N. W. Sudatri","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.927","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72843763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the occurrence, trapping and potential risks of the invasive Indian Myna (Acridotheres tristis Linnaeus, 1766) in the Gaza Strip: Palestine","authors":"A. Rabou","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.933","url":null,"abstract":"The coastal Gaza Strip, which has an area of 365 km 2 ; equivalent to about 1.5% of the area of Palestine (27,000 km 2 ), is home to a relatively large diversity of bird species, including the invasive Indian Myna ( Acridotheres tristis Linnaeus, 1766). The present study aims to address the occurrence, risks and some other ecological aspects of the Indian Myna in the Gaza Strip. This 10-year descriptive and cumulative study from 2013 to 2022 was based on field visits, direct observations, frequent meetings and discussions with stakeholders, follow-up of news and social media, as well as photography for documentary and confirmatory purposes. The results of the current study showed that the emergence of Indian Myna in the Gaza Strip began in 2006, and after 2008, its numbers increased remarkably and significantly. The bird arose in Palestine as a result of cage escapees from zoos or deliberate releases. Indian Mynas are usually abundant throughout the year in urban areas and the outskirts of the Gaza Strip, where feeding sites are available. The main habitats of Indian Minas include urban parks, gardens, agricultural orchards, and other similar environments. Potential local risks of the Indian Myna included its threats to local biodiversity, damage to domestic life and agricultural crops, as well as potential disturbance, noise and disease transmission to Gazans. Nets and sticks coated with glue were the main methods used by Gazans to capture Indian Mynas. The Indian Myna is locally sold at cheap prices of 2-3 USD per pair. A few Gazans claimed to eat the bird. It appears that the Indian Myna poses little threat in the Gaza Strip, and therefore there are no clear methods adopted by the responsible authorities to control the bird. Finally, the study recommends appropriate management strategies to stop or reduce the spread of non-native biota in the Gaza Strip when their numbers increase alarmingly and their risks increase to an intolerable extent.","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83499759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproduction of five mullet fish (Mugilidae) in Grand-Lahou Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire: Size at first sexual maturity, reproduction period and sex ratio","authors":"M. Diaby, C. Akadje, Jean-Paul Aka Agnissan, K. N’da","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.932","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88346189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ichthyological composition of fishing gear types from marine artisanal fishery of grand-lahou (Ivory Coast)","authors":"M. Diaby, Y. Soro, Koutou Olivier Narcisse Ocho, K. N’da","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.931","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76698324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels and histopathological of KUB chicken liver given water extract of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) in drinking water","authors":"D. A. Yulihastuti, G. Dewi, I. Mahardika, I. Bidura","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.928","url":null,"abstract":"or neem is herbal that contains antioxidants and bioactive compounds of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins that can play a role in various biological activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water extract of neem leaves mixed in drinking water on the liver health performance of KUB chickens. The observed variables were serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels and liver histopathology. The experimental animals used were KUB chickens (Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan), using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. The treatment group consisted of P0 (control or 0%), neem leaf water extract 1% (P1), 3% (P2) and 5% (P3) administered during the starter phase (42 days). The experimental animals used were 200 tails. Preparation of liver histology preparations by paraffin method. SGPT levels were tested by the IFCC2 Enzymatic Kinetic method (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine). The results showed that KUB chicken SGPT levels were not significantly different between control and treatment. Liver histology data showed inflammatory cell infiltration damage, degeneration, necrosis, and vessel congestion but there was no significant difference between control and treatment chicken livers. Water extract supplementation of neem leaf has no negative effect on liver performance and SGPT levels","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84989401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ponds culture of juveniles of freshwater oyster Etheria elliptica Lamarck, 1807 in Benin (West Africa)","authors":"D. G. Akélé, Eugène Dessouassi, I. S. Baglo, Flavien Judicaël Aboto, E. Montchowui, P. Lalèyè","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.926","url":null,"abstract":"In order to domesticate the freshwater oyster Etheria elliptica , a 42-day freshwater pond rearing trial was conducted in two ponds of equal size (12 m 2 x 1.10 m deep), one of which was fertilized with poultry droppings and the other one was a control (unfertilized). Three depths (30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm from the bottom of the pond) were tested with one repetition. For each depth, 02 sieves (40 cm diameter and 15 cm depth) were used. A total of 180 oysters with an average size of 37.56±1.95 mm and an initial average weight of 30.35±0.72 g were used with a density of 15 oysters per colander. pH, temperature, transparency, and phytoplankton density were measured daily between 7:00 am and 8:00 am in June-July 2018. Each week, the colanders were checked. Oysters were counted, measured and weighed. The physico-chemical parameters measured in the ponds were consistent with the requirements of tropical water oysters. At the end of the experiments, the survival rate (50±35.36%) was identical for all depths in both ponds. The best growth in size was recorded in the fertilized pond. The sizes increased 2.06 mm and 3.8 mm at 90 cm and 30 cm depth respectively). In contrast, the smallest increases were obtained in the control pond, 0.93 mm and 1 mm at 90 cm and 30 cm depth respectively. In the fertilized pond, the average daily gain ranged from 0.017 g/d (at 90 cm depth) to 0.027 g/d (at 30 cm) while it was between 0.005 g/d (90 cm) and 0.017 g/d (30 cm) in the control pond. As for the specific growth rate, it varied from 0.014%.d -1 (90 cm) to 0.047%.d -1 (30 cm) in the control pond while it was between 0.047%.d -1 (90 cm) and 0.078%.d -1 (30 cm) in the fertilized pond. The best zootechnical performance was recorded between 30 cm and 60 cm in both ponds. Therefore, depths between 30 cm and 60 cm seem to be suitable for rearing Etheria elliptica in ponds. Also, fertilization of the rearing ponds with poultry droppings would improve the growth of the reared oysters.","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77202055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A newly recorded genus and species of the tribe lamiini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) from China","authors":"Gui-Qiang Huang, HAO-MIAO Zhang, Youjie Peng, Qian Huang","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.930","url":null,"abstract":"Euoplia Hope, 1839 [1] and Euoplia polyspila Hope, 1839 [1] are recorded from China (Yunnan) for the first time. Female hind wing of E . polyspila is described for the first time.","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86215820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of bacterial zoonotic diseases in India","authors":"Dr. Sonika Kapoor","doi":"10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/23940522.2022.v9.i5a.950","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89981992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT of ETHANOLIC EXTRACT of Justicia secunda (BLOOD ROOT) on the VAGINAL OPENING and OESTROUS CYCLE of FEMALE WISTAR RATS","authors":"P. E. Okpara, Victor Progress Dakuro, E. Reuben, P. Ajie, F. Joseph","doi":"10.47941/ijbs.997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ijbs.997","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study investigates the effect of the ethanolic extract of Justicia secunda (Blood root) on the vaginal opening and oestrous cycle of female wistar rats. \u0000Methodology: Thirty (30) female wistar rats of 18-33g average weight was used. They were divided into six groups of five animals each. Group A received distilled water while animals in group B-F received 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450mg/body weight (kg) respectively of the ethanolic extract of the plant. Monitoring of the onset and completion of vaginal opening was done and the estrous cycle was also monitored throughout 3 weeks of extract administration. Early onset of vagina opening was seen in the treated group compared to the control. The oestrous cycle showed irregularities when compared to the control data were expressed as means ± standard error of mean and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). \u0000Findings: This result showed that the plant extract causes an irregular oestrous cycle and precocious pubertal onset in female wistar rats. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The plant extract of Justicia secunda likely to induce precocious puberty in young female wistar rats and irregular cyclicity in the oestrous cycle. This implies that Justicia secunda is likely to have contraceptive properties.","PeriodicalId":13993,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85957061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}