International Journal of Infection Control最新文献

{"title":"Elimination of routine screening and contact precautions for endemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus bacteremia: a retrospective study in intensive care units in Brazil","authors":"B. P. Santos, L. S. Lima, Luana M. Correa, Adriana O. Assumpção, P. P. Oliveira, Priscilla M. Monteiro, S. Morgado, L. Mascarenhas","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v19.23241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v19.23241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74068199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with knowledge about ‘Undetectable HIV viral load is Untransmittable’ among Zambian adults on antiretroviral therapy: a mixed method approach","authors":"Fredrick Ngwenya, M. Makasa","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v19.20588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v19.20588","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knowledge of ‘Undetectable HIV viral load (VL) is Untransmittable’ (U=U) motivates optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Objective: This study assessed factors associated with knowledge about U=U among Zambian people living with HIV on ART. Design: The study used questionnaires and in-depth interviews (IDIs) concurrently between December 2018 and January 2019. Three high volume health facilities, Chilenje, Chipata, and Kalingalinga, were selected. A single proportion of 63.4% of HIV VL suppression (VLS) in Lusaka Province was used to calculate a sample size of 362 respondents. Probability proportional to size procedure was used to apportion the sample to the study sites while a simple random technique was employed in selecting respondents aged 18–59 years and on ART for over 9 months. Stata 14 was used to run descriptive and chi-square statistical analyses. Fifty-five respondents were drawn from 362 respondents for IDIs. The selection was based on varied VL levels. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically, and the findings merged in the discussion. Results: Approximately, 34.5% of the 362 respondents (n = 125) had knowledge about U=U. The VLS status was significantly associated with U=U knowledge (P = 0.01). Discussion: Diverse information sources, symbiotic understanding of VL, and treatment-as-prevention benefits were enablers of acquiring more knowledge about U=U, while inadequate health discussion about VL and congestion and waiting time were barriers. Conclusions: The findings suggest that increased information sharing on the implication of suppressed VL being able to prevent HIV transmission could motivate people living with HIV to adhere to ART, thus sustaining VLS.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81868736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in a single center in Oman","authors":"Ahmed AL Yarabi, Z. Al Maskari, Amal Al Tai, F. Khamis, E. Petersen, A. Al Jardani","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v19.21712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v19.21712","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are a global public health threat associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The study aims to describe the epidemiology, microbiology and outcome of patients with CRE infection or colonization during an active surveillance program and to determine the risk factors for the acquisition of such organisms in a single center in Oman. Method: A retrospective case–control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in 2015 and 2016. Cases included patients who had a positive screening or clinical sample for CRE and controls included patients who were screened during the same period and never had a positive screening or clinical sample for CRE. Risk factors analyzed were demographics, comorbidities, instrumentation, and antibiotic exposures. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows (version 11.5). Variables of interest were analyzed by univariate analysis, and those of significance were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: Seven hundred and twenty-eight cases were detected from active surveillance screening, and clinical samples and 749 controls were included. Males comprised 417 (57.3%) cases and females 311 (42.7%). The majority of CRE cases were adult patients (88%, n = 644) compared to 12 % (n = 84) paediatric. The total number of CRE screenings was 8,431 samples in 2015 with a positivity rate of 4.2% and 10,231 samples in 2016 with a positivity rate of 3.6%. The annual incidence rate of CRE was 0.8 per 100 admissions in 2015 and 0.76 per 100 admissions in 2016. The annual incidence density was 1.90 and 1.89 per 1000 patient days for both years, respectively. Healthcare-associated acquisition was 99.5%, and only 0.5% was attributed to the community. The most common sites of infections were urine and wound comprising 29% each. Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 578, 79%) was the predominant organism followed by Escherichia coli (n = 101, 14%). CRE acquisition was significantly associated with the presence of a urinary catheter (odds ratio [OR]: 7.3; confidence interval [CI]: 4.6–11.6; P < 0.0001 or central line (OR: 3.5; CI: 2.068–6.011; P < 0.001), intubation (OR: 0.5; CI: 0.264–0.947; P < 0.034), antibiotic exposure (OR: 4.5; CI: 3.101–6.586; P < 0.0001), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR: 0.5; CI: 0.297–0.852; P = 0.011). In addition, history of a local and an abroad hospital admission significantly increased the risk of CRE acquisition (respectively, local OR: 10.97; CI: 7.878–15.301; P < 0.000, abroad OR: 12.4; CI: 6.597–23.617; P < 0.0001). Overall mortality was 23.1 and 52.3% among bacteremia cases. Conclusion: The annual incidence of CRE acquisition is high with a high mortality rate. A multifaceted strategy to control the spread of CRE is fundamental, considering the specific epidemiology of CRE related to our institution and country.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88546718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence in Argentinian healthcare workers after vaccination with Sputnik V","authors":"D. Santonato, María A. Malvicini, A. Novau, S. Torres, A. Siaba Serrate, María V. Romano, P. Brenzoni, L. Fabbro, L. Paulosky, W. Cornistein","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v18.21791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v18.21791","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare workers (HCW) were deeply affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, vaccination of this population is crucial. However, data on Sputnik V vaccine are sparse. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate serological responses in HCWs following two doses of Sputnik V vaccine. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary-care private teaching hospital between April and May 2021. HCWs without a history of COVID-19 3 or more weeks after the second dose of Sputnik V had a fresh serum sample extracted and processed using Abbott® SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant. Values equal to or over 50 arbitrary units (AU)/mL were considered positive. Primary outcome was the proportion of participants who developed antibodies 21 or more days after the second dose of Sputnik V. Secondary outcomes were concentration of anti-spike IgG antibodies and comparison of such concentrations between samples taken 3–5 weeks and more than 5 weeks after the second dose. Results: The entire population developed anti-spike IgG antibodies. The median antibody concentration was 1234.8 AU/mL. When analysing days to extraction from second vaccine dose, there was no statistical difference between 21 and 35 days versus more than 35 days. Conclusion: Vaccination with Sputnik V in HCW at our institution demonstrated an efficacy of 100% in achieving quantifiable anti-spike IgG antibodies 21 or more days after the second dose.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85942933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the science and clinical use of alcohol-based hand rubs","authors":"Elaine Ah-Gi Lo, Lawrence Siu-Chun Law, K. Tan, B. Ashokka","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v18.20611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v18.20611","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol has a longstanding history as an antiseptic, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked a renewed interest in its use as a hand sanitizer. Alcohol works by denaturing protein and rendering cell membranes permeable. It offers excellent germicidal effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, fungi, and lipid-containing viruses. However, it is less reliable against non-lipid containing viruses and is ineffective against bacterial and fungal spores. Alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) usually contains 60–90% isopropanol or ethanol. Additives such as chlorhexidine to complement the action of alcohol and emollients to ameliorate the drying effect of alcohol are often included to improve the formulation of ABHR. In the clinical setting, ABHR provides biocidal activity against multidrug resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as well as viruses like human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and Middle East respiratory syndrome. Moreover, its use is associated with an improved compliance with hand hygiene, which has been shown to translate into better patient outcomes. However, there are cases of intoxications secondary to ingestion of ABHR or adulterated alcohol when resources are diverted away from the normal beverage production to meet the increased need for hand sanitizer during the COVID-19 pandemic. The risk of unintentional topical absorption and fire hazard among healthcare workers is low but should not be ignored. We proposed recommendations to mitigate the risk of ABHR ingestion and poisoning as well as that of fire hazard.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80105159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) to promote infection prevention and control learning in healthcare education","authors":"M. Silén-Lipponen, Leena Koponen, U. Korhonen, M. Myllymäki","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v18.21667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v18.21667","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most important subjects in healthcare education. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe Finnish, Spanish, Portuguese, and Polish healthcare students’ perspectives on learning about HAIs using a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). This study is part of the Erasmus+ project ‘Educating students for innovative infection prevention and control (IPC) practices in healthcare settings’ (InovSafeCare). Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to describe healthcare students’ perspectives on learning about HAIs using the InovSafeCare MOOC (ISC-MOOC). The participants (N = 135) were students recruited from partner institutions. The project group developed a semi-structured questionnaire that was used for data collection, containing questions of technical and pedagogical usability. The data were analyzed by statistical methods and content analysis. Results: The ISC-MOOC facilitated healthcare students’ independent learning and promoted their knowledge of HAI prevention and control. Study materials were easy to use (84%), and the media of the study materials were of high standard (83%). Some technical problems (14%) were also identified with the use of the materials. The study materials were relevant (70%) for IPC learning but should also be provided in different languages. Conclusion: The MOOC will strengthen the role of the students as future healthcare professionals and will also be usable for those healthcare professionals who need to update their skills with today’s HAI requirements. MOOC should also be translated into other languages other than English.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79474266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices among medical and nursing staff of a tertiary-care military hospital: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Iqra Zia, S. Cheema, N. Sheikh, Huma Ashraf","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v18.21469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v18.21469","url":null,"abstract":"Hand hygiene (HH) serves as a primary public health measure against healthcare-associated infections. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), HH has been fundamentally reinforced for preventing infection transmission globally. This cross-sectional study provides data as a baseline evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and self-reported practice, along with the differences of each between medical and nursing staff. A self-administered questionnaire comprising a standardized World Health Organization Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire (WHO, revised August 2009) and Likert scales for attitude and practice was employed, using convenience sampling to collect data from 383 healthcare workers (HCWs), 92 nurses (24.9%), and 277 doctors (75.1%) in a tertiary-care military hospital. Both nurses and doctors had moderate knowledge with no significant difference (P = 0.54). Moreover, attitude and practice were reported as moderate for both groups. However, the self-reported HH practice of doctors was significantly (P < 0.05) better than that of nurses, while nurses had significantly better (P < 0.01) attitudes in comparison with doctors. Participants who had received formal training in the previous 3 years were 70.65% among nurses and 44.76% among doctors. In total, 78.36% acknowledged routine use of alcohol-based hand rub. It suggested a relationship of HH to demographic variables, professional role, and departmental service. It should be noted that this study shows no relationship between knowledge and practice, and a negative correlation between knowledge and attitude. Concurrently, while further investigation is required to pinpoint the obstacles to achieving proper HH, it can be concluded that infrastructure promoting its practice among HCWs needs to be established.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88017004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rates of urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infection in Saudi MOH hospitals: a 2-year multi-centre study","authors":"Y. Aldecoa, Adel Alanazi, Ghada Bin Saleh, Nasser Alshanbari, Tabish Humayun, F. Alsheddi, A. El-Saed, Mohammed Alqahtani, K. Alanazi","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v18.21703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v18.21703","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The published rates of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in Saudi Arabia were derived from single-centre studies or nationally non-representative studies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate CAUTI rates and urinary catheter utilisation (UCU) ratios in 99 Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals from all regions. Methods: A prospective surveillance study was conducted in 15 different types of intensive care units (ICUs) between January 2018 and December 2019. The data were entered into the Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) programme. The methods of the US National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) centre for infection control were used. Results: During 2 years of surveillance covering 919,615 patient-days and 573,720 urinary catheter days, a total of 965 CAUTI events were identified. The overall MOH CAUTI rate was 1.68 (95%confidence interval (CI) 1.58–1.79) per 1,000 urinary catheter days, and the overall UCU was 0.624 (95%CI 0.623–0.625). CAUTI rates were highest in paediatric medical (5.73) and adult medical (2.02) ICUs. UCU were highest in neurosurgical (0.795) and medical surgical (0.743) ICUs. CAUTI standardised infection ratios across different ICUs in Saudi MOH hospitals were 16% lower than NHSN hospitals, 47% lower than GCC hospitals and 69% lower than International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) hospitals. Urinary catheter standardised utilisation ratios across different ICUs in Saudi MOH hospitals were 15% higher than NHSN hospitals, 9% higher than INICC hospitals and 13% lower than GCC hospitals. Conclusions: The current study is a unique national CAUTI benchmark that can potentially help in the fight against healthcare-associated infection.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86603116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene amongst nurses in hospital settings: a qualitative study of nurses’ and patients’ experiences","authors":"Mamdooh Alzyood, D. Jackson, J. Brooke, H. Aveyard","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v18.22527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v18.22527","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To date, there is a wealth of evidence that patients have been invited to take an active role in prompting hand hygiene of hospital staff, but there is insufficient evidence on what happens in practice and whether this is acceptable to both staff and patients. Objective: To understand the role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene amongst nurses in the hospital setting. Methods: This qualitative interpretive study comprised of focus group discussions conducted with nurses (n = 36) and interviews with patients (n = 21). Data from nurses were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Data from patients were analysed by critical incident analysis. Results: Experiences from nurses and patients can be summarised into four themes: 1) both nurses and patients acknowledged the patients’ right to ask, 2) both groups reported concerns that asking about hand hygiene could have an adverse impact on the nurse–patient relationship, 3) patients reported negative reactions from nurses when promoting hand hygiene and 4) patients reported that the promotion of hand hygiene was not only offensive and upsetting for nurses but also embarrassing for patients. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that patients are expected to adopt a passive role in infection control and remain silent when observing non-compliance to hand hygiene within the hospital setting, to avoid being embarrassed, offensive and upsetting nurses.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79129304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sliding doors: how does their opening affect particulate matter levels in operating theatres?","authors":"A. Della Camera, G. Cevenini, N. Nante, M. D. De Marco, G. Messina","doi":"10.3396/ijic.v18.22156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3396/ijic.v18.22156","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Operating theatres (OTs) have adequate conditions to perform safe operations and to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). Opening doors can compromise these situations. Measurement of particulate contamination is a crucial point to check the effectiveness of preventive measures in the OTs. We analysed how opening the doors interact with particulate contamination in different designs of OTs. Methods: Between January and February 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted in five different types of OTs of a teaching hospital in Siena. Two (OTs 1 and 2) had laminar flows, with 58 and 55 air changes/h, respectively. Three had turbulent flows: OT3 (18 air changes/h, with four inlets from the ceiling), OT4 (16 air changes/h, airflow directed from one wall to the opposite one and the main door laterally to the flow) and OT5 (23 air changes/h and airflow from the ceiling plenum). Particulate matter (PM) measurements were carried out at seven different locations in each OT, alternating two conditions: 1) doors closed and 2) opening/closing the main door twice per minute. For each spot, in each condition, we recorded for several minutes the following parameters: particles (>0.3, >0.5, >1, >3, >5 and >10 µm), room temperature (RT), relative humidity (RH) and airflow velocity (AS). International Organization for Standardization (ISO) class for PM > 0.5 µm was calculated. Comparison with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was made using Stata 16 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA). Results: All five OTs had differential pressure, but all fell to 0 at door opening; negligible changes were detected on microclimatic parameters although they may be affected by different types of airflows and design. Even though the variations in the turbulent flow rooms were broader and different, there were no changes in ISO class particle classification, given the already very high initial particulate levels. In laminar flow rooms, with a better ISO classification, the variations were smaller but sufficient to worsen the class. Conclusions: When opening the doors, the PM levels in OTs are influenced by different ventilation systems and room design. Different ventilation systems and the design of OTs influence particulate levels during door opening. Particulate variations in the laminar flows studied were smaller than in the turbulent flows, which, although lower in performance in our study, can be just as effective; however, as the heterogeneous construction and logistic characteristics of OTs result in significant variations in PMs, further research is needed to determine the actual effect of airflow on the SSI rate.","PeriodicalId":13991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infection Control","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79989184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}