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International Journal of Fertility最新文献

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Endoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection in resistant polycystic ovarian disease. 内窥镜二氧化碳激光卵巢楔形切除术治疗难治性多囊卵巢。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
A Ostrzenski
{"title":"Endoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection in resistant polycystic ovarian disease.","authors":"A Ostrzenski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clomiphene citrate therapy has been found to improve the infertility rate in women suffering from polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). However, there still exists a group of women with PCOD who fail to respond to clomiphene citrate or human menopausal gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin or urofollitropin/chorionic gonadotropin treatment, an ovarian wedge resection by laparotomy approach which has been known for 50 years. Within the last decade, translaparoscopic electrocautery and laser drilling techniques have been utilized. In 1986, a translaparoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection was introduced for resistant PCOD. This paper describes the surgical principle of a translaparoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection. This type of treatment results in a 75% crude conception rate, with a 67% rate of healthy live birth. There was an 8% postsurgical adhesion rate among 12 cases that were incorporated into the study. This mode of therapy may prove to be very useful, safe, easy to perform, and cost effective as a second-line therapy for resistant PCOD in cases where medical inductions fail to achieve ovulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"295-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12532331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Etiological factors of male infertility in Africa. 非洲男性不育的病因学因素。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
E D Yeboah, J M Wadhwani, J B Wilson
{"title":"Etiological factors of male infertility in Africa.","authors":"E D Yeboah,&nbsp;J M Wadhwani,&nbsp;J B Wilson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Of the 595 infertile African males studied, 192 (30.8%) were azoospermic and 413 (69.40%) had oligospermia. Azoospermia was caused by obstruction to the vas and/or epididymis in 44% of cases and testicular lesions in the remaining 56% of cases, whilst the oligospermia was probably caused by obstruction in 4.7% of cases and testicular lesions in 85.3%. Bilateral testicular biopsies were performed on 302 patients. A variety of pathological conditions were observed; the most prevalent was hypospermatogenesis, in 12% of cases. A significant portion (37.2%) of patients without testicular biopsies had clinically detectable testicular or epididymal abnormalities. There was a higher incidence (12%) of inflammatory testicular or prostatic conditions in this study as compared with those found in Europeans, suggesting that inflammatory conditions contribute more to male infertility in Africa. Only a single case of chromosomal abnormality was detected.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"300-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12531081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laparoscopy bashing. 腹腔镜抨击。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
S L Corson
{"title":"Laparoscopy bashing.","authors":"S L Corson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Therapeutic laparoscopy--operative laparoscopy--has been employed in increasing proportion to laparotomy for various gynecological pathologies. Although routinely used for sterilization procedures, acceptance first for tubal pregnancy and then for other adnexal surgery has been gained. Now advocates are using the laparoscope for assisted hysterectomy, lymph node dissections, and other questionable indications. Coupled with the emergence of rapidly changing technology is the problem of adequate teaching of postgraduate physicians and proper credentialing of individuals, especially in smaller community hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"266-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12532325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plasminogen activator: the identification of an additional proteinase at the outer acrosomal membrane of human and boar spermatozoa. 纤溶酶原激活剂:鉴定人类和野猪精子顶体外膜上的一种附加蛋白酶。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
A Smokovitis, N Kokolis, I Taitzoglou, C Rekkas
{"title":"Plasminogen activator: the identification of an additional proteinase at the outer acrosomal membrane of human and boar spermatozoa.","authors":"A Smokovitis,&nbsp;N Kokolis,&nbsp;I Taitzoglou,&nbsp;C Rekkas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have recently shown that spermatozoa of various species contain both types of plasminogen activator, the tissue-type (t-PA) and the urokinase-type (u-PA). In the present study, the localization of t-PA and u-PA in plasma membrane and outer acrosomal membrane of human and boar spermatozoa has been investigated. The identification of the type of the plasminogen activator (t-PA or u-PA) was made immunologically. In human spermatozoa, the outer acrosomal membrane and plasma membrane contained both types of plasminogen activator (t-PA and u-PA); in addition, t-PA antigen was measured. In boar spermatozoa, the outer acrosomal membrane contained only t-PA, whereas plasma membrane contained both types of plasminogen activator (t-PA and u-PA). Plasminogen activator inhibition (PAI) has also been demonstrated in plasma and outer acrosomal membranes of both species and identified as PAI-1 in membranes of human spermatozoa.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"308-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12531084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combined therapy with bromocriptine and clomiphene citrate for patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea. 溴隐亭与枸橼酸克罗米芬联合治疗正常泌乳素闭经。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
T Kubota, S Kamada, T Aso
{"title":"Combined therapy with bromocriptine and clomiphene citrate for patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea.","authors":"T Kubota,&nbsp;S Kamada,&nbsp;T Aso","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effect of bromocriptine (Brc) and clomiphene citrate (Cl) treatment on 40 patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea who failed to respond to Cl alone. The ovulation rate in this treatment was 57.3% (23/40) in the 40 cases, 55.6% (99/178) in 178 cycles; the pregnancy rate was 26.7%. This treatment was effective in 14 of 21 women with polycystic ovary-like syndrome (66.7%). Among those women who responded to treatment, prolactin (PRL) and LH levels were significantly decreased. Estradiol and progesterone levels were significantly increased in the patients who responded. Before treatment, the responsiveness of LH to LHRH among responders to Brc/Cl therapy was significantly higher than among the nonresponders. After treatment, the LH-releasing response following a conjugated estrogen injection in the patients who responded to the treatment was significantly greater than that in the patients who did not respond. The results suggest that the therapeutic effect of this treatment may be primarily due to the restoration and improvement of the impaired hypothalamo-pituitary axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"277-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12532327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ovarian consequences of the transient interruption of combined oral contraceptives. 联合口服避孕药短暂中断对卵巢的影响。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
B Hedon, P Cristol, A Plauchut, A M Vallon, F Desachampts, M L Taillant, P Mares, A M Pizelle, F Laffargue, J L Viala
{"title":"Ovarian consequences of the transient interruption of combined oral contraceptives.","authors":"B Hedon,&nbsp;P Cristol,&nbsp;A Plauchut,&nbsp;A M Vallon,&nbsp;F Desachampts,&nbsp;M L Taillant,&nbsp;P Mares,&nbsp;A M Pizelle,&nbsp;F Laffargue,&nbsp;J L Viala","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The combined oral contraceptive pill is an efficient means of contraception. It acts at different levels of the genital tract. Despite its efficiency, it is universally suggested that patients take the pill at regular daily intervals. Little attention has been given to the question of what happens if you miss the pill one day or more. A study was undertaken to evaluate the consequences of pill misses at different times of the cycle. Forty-seven young, healthy, normally menstruating patients voluntarily enrolled. All were given Cilest (ethinyl estradiol 35 micrograms and norgestimate 250 mg, Cilag France) for 21 days without any misses. Then, after a 7-day interval, they were prescribed one (group 1), two (group 2), three (group 3) or four days of pill misses, to occur respectively on day 1 (group a), 6 (group b), 12 (group c) or 18 (group d) of a new 21 day cycle; supplementary contraceptive means were recommended. Four patients had no miss prescribed and served as controls. Ovarian function was evaluated with daily estrogen measurements (E1 + E2 enzymatic dosage, BioMérieux, France) and ultrasound examinations. When required, because of significant increase in estrogen or because of follicular growth detected on ultrasound, LH and progesterone were measured. None of the patients experienced a normal ovulation. Four patients (1 control, 1 from group 2a, and 2 from group 3a) had a significant increase in estrogen levels and had a follicular image on ultrasounds. One of them (group 3a) had a follicular rupture, but none had a LH surge or increase in progesterone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"270-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12532326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical review of a monophasic oral contraceptive containing desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol. 含去地孕酮和炔雌醇的单相口服避孕药的临床评价。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
S Stone
{"title":"Clinical review of a monophasic oral contraceptive containing desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol.","authors":"S Stone","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"286-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12532329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flow cytometric comparison between swim-up and Percoll gradient techniques for the separation of frozen-thawed human spermatozoa. 流式细胞术比较游泳和Percoll梯度技术分离冻融人精子的效果。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-09-01
Y Chen, M S Obhrai, J Chapman, J L Cuthbert, A Williams, L Tang
{"title":"Flow cytometric comparison between swim-up and Percoll gradient techniques for the separation of frozen-thawed human spermatozoa.","authors":"Y Chen,&nbsp;M S Obhrai,&nbsp;J Chapman,&nbsp;J L Cuthbert,&nbsp;A Williams,&nbsp;L Tang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viable human spermatozoa were recovered from cryopreservation by either swim-up or Percoll density gradient techniques and their cell-surface oligosaccharide components were compared to those of fresh sperm. Sperm were labeled with FITC-Con A and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. By fluorescence microscopy, fresh sperm were uniformly labeled in the neck region alone. Frozen-thawed sperm, obtained by either swim-up or Percoll density gradients, showed two patterns of staining: one sperm population was stained in the neck region only, whilst another showed staining in both the neck and acrosome regions. No difference between sperm recovered by the two techniques was apparent. Flow cytometry profiles of fresh sperm revealed a single peak of fluorescence, whereas cryopreserved sperm gave two peaks of fluorescence. Samples recovered by Percoll density gradient contained significantly more sperm with the same fluorescence pattern as that observed for fresh sperm than did those recovered by swim-up. Cryopreservation alters the cell-surface oligosaccharide components of spermatozoa. Recovery of cryopreserved sperm by Percoll density gradient yields a greater proportion of sperm which resemble fresh sperm than does swim-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 5","pages":"315-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12531083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the relationship between endocrine and ovulatory abnormalities, and polycystic ovaries as diagnosed by ultrasonography. 超声诊断多囊卵巢与内分泌、排卵异常的关系。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-07-01
K Takahashi, K Yoshino, A Nishigaki, Y Eda, M Kitao
{"title":"On the relationship between endocrine and ovulatory abnormalities, and polycystic ovaries as diagnosed by ultrasonography.","authors":"K Takahashi,&nbsp;K Yoshino,&nbsp;A Nishigaki,&nbsp;Y Eda,&nbsp;M Kitao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum testosterone levels, the menstrual cycle, and polycystic ovaries as shown by ultrasonographic methods. The patients were divided into four groups: (1) cases with normal-appearing ovaries and with regular menstruation (control); (2) cases with normal ovaries on ultrasound, but with abnormalities of the menstrual cycle (MA); (3) cases with polycystic ovaries, but normal menstrual cycle (PCO); (4) cases with both polycystic ovaries and menstrual abnormalities (PCOMA). The results were as follows. (1) The ovarian area was significantly larger in the PCOMA group than in the control group. (2) The number of cases with elevated LH (greater than 30 mIU/mL) was significantly higher in the PCOMA group than in the other groups. (3) In comparison with controls, the percentage of cases with LH/FSH ratios greater than 3.0 was significantly higher in all three groups. (4) The estrone/17 beta-estradiol ratio for the PCOMA group was significantly greater than those of the other groups. (5) The testosterone levels of the PCO and PCOMA group were significantly greater than the control value. (6) The percentage of endocrine criteria (LH greater than 30 mIU/mL or LH/FSH ratio greater than 3.0, estrone/17 beta estradiol ratio greater than 1.0 testosterone greater than 75, greater than 100, and greater than 125 ng/dL) for PCOMA was significantly higher than that of the MA group and the control group, but not significantly greater than the PCO group. It is suggested that morphological changes in the ovaries show a closer correlation with abnormalities of endocrine function than does the presence or absence of abnormalities of the menstrual cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 4","pages":"222-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12527901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A modified method for the differential staining of spermatozoa using alcoholic acidic silver nitrate. 用酒精酸性硝酸银对精子进行鉴别染色的改进方法。
International Journal of Fertility Pub Date : 1992-07-01
N J Chinoy, G M Ranga, H N Highland, K J D'Souza, E Sequeira
{"title":"A modified method for the differential staining of spermatozoa using alcoholic acidic silver nitrate.","authors":"N J Chinoy,&nbsp;G M Ranga,&nbsp;H N Highland,&nbsp;K J D'Souza,&nbsp;E Sequeira","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differential silver staining patterns have been demonstrated in mammalian spermatozoa, using an aqueous silver nitrate reagent. In the present study, mouse, rabbit, and human spermatozoa were stained using a modification of the earlier method. In the modified method, an alcoholic acidic silver nitrate stain, with subsequent differentiation in alcoholic ammonia, was used. This method enhanced the intensity of staining of the head, mid-piece, and tail. In particular, marked differentiation of the acrosomal, subacrosomal, and postacrosomal regions was obtained, which facilitated determination of acrosomal integrity. Moreover, background interference was reduced, yielding better clarity of the stained smears. The staining was carried out in the cold. This modified technique offers an advantage in the assessment of sperm morphological anomalies and membrane and acrosomal integrity, and is a simple, reliable, and useful method for the evaluation of sperm function.</p>","PeriodicalId":13990,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fertility","volume":"37 4","pages":"232-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12552008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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