International journal of environmental science and development最新文献

{"title":"Using Multicriteria Statistical Analysis for Interpreting the Spatiotemporal Fluctuations of Surface Water Quality in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Province","authors":"Nguyen Cong Thuan, Huynh Cong Khanh","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.5.1444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.5.1444","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated variations in surface water quality indicators within the rivers and canals of Tien Giang province in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Water samples were collected at 34 locations, in the months of March, June, September, and November in 2021. Water quality was assessed through comparison with the National Technical Regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT, column A2). The pollution source was forecast using principal component analysis (PCA), whilst the similarity in water quality between locations was evaluated through cluster analysis (CA). Results show that surface waters were contaminated with organic matter, suspended solids, and nutrients. There was clear temporal pattern between rainy season (September and November) and dry season (March and June). PCA analysis predicted six pollution sources of which the three main sources were PC1, PC2, and PC3, explained 59.9% of variation in water quality. The parameters of temperature, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total suspended solids, nitrite, and sulfate exhibited influence on water quality. The CA results suggest that the 34 monitoring locations can be reduced to 29 locations, which would result in a 14.7% saving in monitoring costs. The results can be used to reevaluate the location and monitoring criteria for surface water quality in Tien Giang province.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Palm Kernel Shell Granular Filter Medium for Decolourisation and COD Removal from Clarified Palm Oil Mill Effluent","authors":"Eric Awere, Peter Appiah Obeng, Alessandra Bonoli","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.5.1452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.5.1452","url":null,"abstract":"Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is characterised by high colour, COD and solids. Extraction and drying of the suspended solids for reuse as solid fuel shows great promise. However, the clarified wastewater may require further treatment to meet discharge limits. This study was aimed at evaluating the efficiency and kinetics of COD and colour removal from clarified POME using palm kernel shell (PKS) granular filter media and a sand filter as reference. The wastewater was collected from a small-scale palm oil processing mill in the Abura Aseibu Kwamankese District of Ghana and clarified using a solid-liquid separation system. The filter media of particle size 1.18mm was packed into acrylic cylinders (6cm dia.) to a height of 35.4 cm. The characteristics of influent wastewater and filter media were determined prior to the experiment following standard methods. Each filter was run as a batch system under anaerobic conditions by maintaining a minimum supernatant height of 10cm. Effluents were drawn from the bottom of each filter after 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h for analysis using standard analytical methods. The removal efficiencies for the PKS and sand filters were, respectively, 77% and 79% for COD and 69% and 62% for colour. The COD removal was consistent with first-order kinetics for both PKS and sand filters. However, colour removal in PKS and sand filters followed second- and zero-order kinetics respectively. The correlation coefficients of the selected kinetic models show a strong correlation between the experimental and predicted results. Further research is required to establish the retention time required to bring the pollutant levels below the allowable limits for discharge into the environment.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134882273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olive Mill Wastewater for Degraded Soil Restoration","authors":"M. Labiadh","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1414","url":null,"abstract":"In Southern Tunisian arid regions, the main issues of soil degradation on the surface by wind erosion (loss of nutrients and organic matter) and in depth by reduction of water reserves were diagnosed. In order to preserve these soils, improve biological activity and maintain their productivity, a restitution of organic amendments becomes necessary. Among the remedial solutions, the composting of olive tree by-products (Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW), Ramial Chipped Wood (RCW)) could be used for these soils. In this context, an experiment in pots was carried out on Medicago sativa L. in order to evaluate the effects of compost on ecosystem services of a sandy soil sampled from an experimental olive orchard in Chammakh. Two treatments (OMW with RCW and RCW) were applied and compared to a control soil having a sandy texture, with %sand being at least equal to 80%. The results showed that the highest nitrogen content is recorded with the composite compost (OMW with RCW) (0.26 g kg-1). The Electric Conductivity of treated soil decreased by 60% over time. The RCW was the most effective treatment for improving soil phosphorus properties and above-ground biomass. The OMW combined with RCW compost allowed to keep almost the same soil moisture (147.23 g kg-1) but almost 3 times more compared to a control soil (52.30 g kg-1).","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67453378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimentation of Evaporation Suppression by Various Plastic Bottles Coverage Area","authors":"L. Raksaksri, V. Benjaoran, Jiradet Settakhumpoo","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.3.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.3.212","url":null,"abstract":"Evaporation significantly affects the loss of water in reservoir. The effective use of water-surface covering materials for evaporation reduction purpose is commercially performed including plastic spherical and circular shapes. This study initiates to reuse very common polyethylene terephthalate (PET) drinking-water bottles to cover water surface instead. The bottle shape could have a covering percentage ratio as much as 91% equal to a commercial ball or circular disk. The experiment was designed and conducted to prove the reduction of water evaporation rate using five simulated ponds. The testing aspect is the percentage of the coverage area over the water surface. Based on environmental impact concern, the deterioration of PET bottles due to hydrolysis reaction and ultraviolet rays in natural conditions is also investigated. The initial result from the experiment shows that PET bottles have a potential for the evaporation reduction which are a very cost-effective alternative to the existing commercial materials and help support the reuse of plastic waste.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67454239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Acidic Effluents Using Electroless Plating","authors":"Thandiwe Sithole, F. Ntuli","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.4.1443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.4.1443","url":null,"abstract":"Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the biggest issues faced by the mining and mineral processing industries in terms of removing heavy metals from the effluents. The present study investigated the effects of glyoxylic acid, hydrazine and dimethylamine borane as reducing agents and the effect of using Ni, Fe, basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) as seeding materials to remove metals from acidic effluents respectively. The experiments were conducted using acidic mine effluent in a 0.5 L batch reactor using different seeding materials and reducing agents respectively. The study is the first of its kind to examine and compare all four seeding materials using different reducing agents respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer were used to analyse the seeding material before and after Electroless plating.. The study suggests that BOFS is a effective seed together with hydrazine reducing agent that yielded a 99.9% removal of Fe (III), whilst Ni and Fe powder failed to seed effectively. During reduction precipitation, nucleation and breakage were identified as the predominant particulate processes based on particle size distribution (PSD) evolution and its moments. There were significant mineral phases formed, such as bownmillerites Ca2(Al, Fe)2O5, which formed by replacing Si with Al and Fe in all tetrahedral coordinations between Al, Fe and Si, suggesting chemisorption being a dominant mechanism.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67454262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytostabilization Potential of Salix alba as Biomonitors of Heavy Metals in Soil Pollution near the Erzeni Riverbank","authors":"Enkelejda Kucaj, Marilda Osmani, Anira Gjoni, Azem Bardhi, Besim Kucaj","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1411","url":null,"abstract":"The great sources of water pollution in Albania in the last decade are urban discharges which indicate in other sistems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals in the soil and plant of Salix alba. Samples was collected from the Erzen riverbed. The objectives are based on assessment of the concentrations of physico-chemical characteristics heavy metals obtained from the sediment and willow (Salix alba) in Erzeni river. The presence of organic matter in soil - the willow plant - was also analyzed. The use of plants in the recuperation of contaminated soil is low cost, sustainable, and environmentally sound. Heavy metals concentration in soil range as follows: Ni (42.2–98.4 mg/kg); Cr (18.9- 34.5 mg/kg), and Pb (53.2-98.4 mg/kg). Some statistically significant differences were observed in the data on the amounts of metals accumulated in the soil, significantly more than in the data on the metal concentrations achieved in the tissues of the Salix alba plant. Heavy metal concentration in plants reach values Ni (0.9–3.54 mg/kg); Cr (0.57 - 0.89 mg/kg), and Pb (0.06 -0.19 mg/kg). Average concentrations in heavy metal plant samples were listed in the order Ni> Cr> Pb. The results of nickel, chromium, and lead clearly show higher concentrations in samples 0-25 cm across the range of extractors. The use of diversified plant materials is essential and optimal for the phytoremediation process. These species offer different opportunities through their metallic tolerance and accumulation of underground biomass metals for the permanent removal of these metals from the terrestrial substrate.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67453202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of the Concentrations of Some Pollutants Resulting from the Use of Arabian Bakhour and Their Effect in Patients with Asthma in the City of Baghdad","authors":"Nada Abdulrahman F. Al-Easawi","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1413","url":null,"abstract":"This research focus on studying 3 types of Bakhour in the markets of Baghdad city and assessing their impact on the quality of life for asthmatic whom used Bakhour at their houses through investigating particles physical properties, also estimating the levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn), Particulate Matter PM2.5, PM10, Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) and formaldehyde (HCHO). The quality of life for asthmatic patients whom use Bakhour was assessing by Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. The results indicated that shapes of Bakhour particles were irregular or spherical. Burning process generated the higher percent of PM ˂1μm. Type 2 Bakhour showed the highest percent of <1μm which was 73%.The amount of Cd, Cu and Pb found to have the highest concentrations in type 2 as compared to others. The mean of PM2.5, PM10, TVOC and HCHO in type 1, 2 and type 3 have recorded high as compared to the control (fresh air) values. The results of Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire AQLQ referred that Asthma patients whom consumed Bakhour recorded significantly the worse in all scores as compared with non-consumers, except Activity limitation. The regression test revealed that smoking habit and consumed Bakhour daily have more effects on asthmatic patients. This study concluded that Bakhour consuming resulted high levels of indoor air pollutants such as particles <1μm, Heavy metals, PM2.5, PM 10, TVOC and HCHO which considered harmful to human health and leads to the worse quality of life especially in asthmatic patients.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67453331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Industrial Effluents in a Coastal Province of Vietnamese Mekong Delta","authors":"N. Giao, Nguyen Hong Thao Ly","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.2.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.2.1419","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to assess the quality of industrial effluent in Bac Lieu province using multivariate statistical analysis. The effluent from wastewater treatments plants were collected at 12 locations with nine parameters including pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonium (N-NH4 +), chloride (Cl−), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total coliforms. Effluent quality is compared with national technical regulations on industrial wastewater and seafood processing wastewater column B (QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT and QCVN 11-MT:2015/BTNMT, respectively). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to determine the important parameters affecting the quality of industrial wastewater effluent in the study area. The results showed that industrial wastewater effluent was high in organic matters, nutrients, microorganisms which exceeded the allowable limits of QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT and QCVN 11-MT:2015/ BTNMT. Correlation analysis showed that most industrial wastewater effluent parameters were closely correlated proving the treatment systems having problems in its operations. The results of PCA presented that pH, COD, BOD, TSS, TN, TP, N-NH4+ and total coliforms mainly affected industrial wastewater effluent. These parameters would negatively change surface water quality at the receiving water bodies. Improvement of wastewater treatment system efficiency is urgently needed to comply with discharge regulations and to protect precious surface water quality. The study’ results provide useful information for local environmental managers to enhance management strategies to reach the environment sustainable goals in the locality development.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67453542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Assessment of Wastewater Quality near Emergency Outfalls in Kuwait Bay","authors":"O. Bushaibah, A. Al-haddad, M. Khajah, F. Dashti, E. Ibrahim","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1415","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-two wastewater discharging emergency outfalls located within Kuwait Bay have the ability to pollute marine life. The quality of wastewater discharged to the sea has a direct and significant impact on the ecosystem including marine organisms, and an indirect effect on human health. The current study aims to evaluate the quality of wastewater discharged at selected sites of Kuwait Bay and to compare the obtained results with the standards of the Environmental Public Authority (EPA) for discharging treated wastewater to Kuwait Bay. Five locations were selected near emergency outfalls, and onsite field measurements for water quality were carried out, including temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Dissolved Oxygen (DO). Furthermore, 15 mixed water samples (wastewater and seawater) were collected throughout November 2021 and January 2022 during low and high tides and within 1 m away from wastewater discharging outfalls. These samples were analyzed for nutrients, heavy metals, and bacteria parameters. The field results indicated the presence of slight alkalinity (pH 7.01–8.0), freshwater to saline water type (EC, 1.27 ms/cm–65.07ms/cm), oxidized environment (DO, 0.91 mg/l–5.28 mg/l). The laboratory results of water samples revealed that the concentrations of nutrients (total nitrogen, 2.0–35 mg/l) and all targeted heavy metals were detected in mixed samples for all sites in concentrations of microgram per liter and within EPA acceptable limits. On the other hand, phosphate concentration (4.2–13.6 mg/l) and the counts of microbial indicators (Fecal coliform, E. coli, and Fecal Streptococci) were high and above EPA standards, which shows the grave biological pollution that occurred at these sites. The variation in the contamination levels at the selected locations indicates the need for periodic monitoring of the quality of mixed water near wastewater emergency outlets and searching for the appropriate solutions to reduce the contaminated wastewater discharged directly into the beaches.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67453585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Effective Two-Steps Polyacrylamide-Microalgae System for Flocculation and Bioremediation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent","authors":"Muhammad Zakhiri Rusli, A. A. H. Khalid, G. Ding, M. Takriff","doi":"10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.2.1425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.2.1425","url":null,"abstract":"The use of microalgae for effluent treatment has been extensively studied in the past decade. Such system has a dual benefit of preventing pollutants from entering the waterbody while simultaneously produces valuable biomass. However, agricultural wastewater especially palm mill oil effluent (POME), contains a significant amount of suspended solids that may interfere with the growth process of the microalgae. The present study explored strategies to reduce POME turbidity for enhanced bioremediation efficiency. polyacrylamide (PAM) was used as pre-treatment of the POME prior to treatment using microalgae. The optimization result shows that PAM at concentration of 24 ppm able to reduce 46.5% of the turbidity. The pre-treated POME was then used for microalgae cultivation for subsequent nutrient removal. Improved condition of the POME has resulted in higher growth rate of three native microalgae, Chlorella Sorokiniana (UKM3), Chlamydomonas, sp. (UKM6) and Scenedesmus sp. (UKM9) with specific growth rate, μ of 0.29 day-1, 0.25 day−1 and 0.23 day-1 respectively. After 20 days of cultivation, more than 82.3% of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was successfully removed by UKM6. While highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal achieved was 56.7% by UKM9. The combined process also proved effective at removing 59.1%, 70.0% and 96.2% of TN, PO43− and NH3-N respectively. Therefore, the proposed two-stage treatment method could offer a promising alternative to conventional POME treatment technologies and increase the effectiveness of microalgae for bioremediation.","PeriodicalId":13980,"journal":{"name":"International journal of environmental science and development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67453689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}