{"title":"Delay Study in the Construction Project: An Overview","authors":"Shubham Sharma, M. Pandey, S. Agrawal","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707012123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707012123","url":null,"abstract":"Scheduling” is the word when it came in our mind it means the time table and most important thing is that, works should be done in time, but even if we try everything to keep our time table in schedule some of the factors that cause us late by increasing our time, they are called “DELAY FACTOR” and the time increase by them, known as “DELAY”. DELAY is the factor which is responsible for every other factors which cause lose of time, money etc. especially the most prominent loss of time and money causes by delay factors is in construction. Today construction growth in the world is increasing day by day. In every part of the world an ongoing construction can be seen, so it is very important to keep every construction on time, but quite often it is not possible because many sub-factors from different main factors cause delay and keep the construction behind the time in comparison of schedule time. The main focus of this paper is to determine the current and most responsible Delay factors by methods of MCDM and by arranging and listing them, with the recommendation to minimizing them.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78630901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organic Wastes Degradation by U.V. Radiation","authors":"Anindita Bhattacharya, A. Tangri","doi":"10.9790/9622-0706067478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0706067478","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76661541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Gómez, Anibal Herrera, V. Flórez, H. B. López
{"title":"Methyl Jasmonate, a Degreening Alternative for Mandarin (Citrus Reticulata L.) Var. Arrayana Fruits","authors":"Carlos Gómez, Anibal Herrera, V. Flórez, H. B. López","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707062229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707062229","url":null,"abstract":"Mandarin accounts for a significant part of the Colombian citrus fruit production, the postharvest degreening of these products to attain pigmentation being a common practice when they are harvested in the tropics. The endogenous signaling molecules such as methyl jasmonate and ethylene are produced during fruit formation, and they play a key role in postharvest and stress responses. The latter is commonly used to degreen mandarin, which, however, exhibits low sensitivity to this compound. It is therefore important to establish degreening alternatives to ethylene. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of methyl jasmonate on the degreening of Arrayana mandarin (Citrus reticulata L.). For such purpose, respiration rate, weight loss, color index, total chlorophyll, total soluble solids, firmness and total acidity were determined. The treatments applied were: methyl jasmonate (MeJA) 1 μM 24h, Ethylene (ET) 1000 ppm 20 min, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) 0.5 μL L 2h; and the combinations 1-MCP + MeJA, 1MCP + ET. Generally obtained with the MeJA and 1-MCP + MeJA treatments, the most significant results took place at 14 days after treatment implementation (DATI) for total titratable acidity, and at 4 DATI for total chlorophyll and color index. The TSS/acid ratio (maturity ratio) became constant since 7 DATI under the MeJA treatment. Thus, the use of MeJA after 1-MCP pretreatment comes to be an interesting degreening option, all the more when considering that these physiological responses have not been reported in previous studies.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75320035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna V. Alekseeva, J. I. Cortez, V. Mezhuyev, G. García, L. Cortez, J. Madrid, C. R. Acevedo, Monserrat Huerta Chiquillo
{"title":"Development and Application of Interactive Virtual Tour to Berdyansk State Pedagogical University","authors":"Anna V. Alekseeva, J. I. Cortez, V. Mezhuyev, G. García, L. Cortez, J. Madrid, C. R. Acevedo, Monserrat Huerta Chiquillo","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707046269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707046269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74855192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Das, B. Das, M. Suryanarayana, M. Sankari, Archana Sharma
{"title":"Generation of copper nanoparticles by electro-exploding wire technique for various pressures of the surrounding medium","authors":"R. Das, B. Das, M. Suryanarayana, M. Sankari, Archana Sharma","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707026673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707026673","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the experimental results on explosion of copper wire at a discharge voltage of 9kV for the generation of Cu nanoparticles in nitrogen environment at different pressures. The current and voltage waveforms for different pressures of the nitrogen gas have been recorded by a current transformer and a high voltage probe. Nanoparticles generated by the electro exploded wire method were characterized by both optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Experiments show that the variation of pressure of nitrogen gas inside the exploding chamber determines the size of the particles formed during the explosion of the copper wire. It is observed that for a pressure of less than 230 mbar of nitrogen gas, the wire does not explode and the copper wire remains intact. Micro particle generation occurred at a pressure of 2.3×10 2 mbar of nitrogen gas and nanoparticles were formed when the pressure was further increased to 1×10 3 mbar. Experimental results show that we could deposit maximum energy into the metal core when the wire was exploded by working in the high pressure regime of the nitrogen gas resulting in the production of nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the size of the nanoparticles to be in the range of 35 to 75 nm.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80653871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Convective Heat Transfer Model through Annular Finned Evaporator of a Cold Storage Using Taguchi Regression, S/N Ratio and ANOVA Analysis","authors":"N. Mukhopadhyay, T. Mondal","doi":"10.9790/9622-0706063343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0706063343","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the energy crisis and increase of cost of electrical energy to operate the cold storage various design of experiments are done to optimize different control factors of a cold storage evaporator space inside the cold room. Here we have use annular fin to maximize the heat absorption by evaporator. Taguchi orthogonal array with regression analysis have been used as a design of experiments. The control factors are Area of the evaporator with annular fin(A), temperature difference of the evaporator space (dT), and relative humidity inside the cold room(RH). The Taguchi S/N ratio analysis have used as an optimization technique. Larger the better type S/N ratio have used for calculating the optimum level of control parameters, because it is a maximization problem. Analysis of variance ANOVA was also performed on the test results to find out the significant control factors.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80716379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review on Dental Radiographic Images","authors":"A. Solanki, P. Mahant","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707074953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707074953","url":null,"abstract":"Medical image processing is essential in many fields of medical research and clinical practices because it greatly facilitates early detection and diagnosis of diseases. This paper surveys an add-on approach in the area of medical image analysis for diagnosis of diseases in oral radiology using dental Xrays in dentistry. In case of medical images human involvement and perception is of prime importance. It is indeed a difficult task to interpret fine features in various contrast situations. The raw data obtained directly from X-ray acquisition device may yield a comparatively poor image quality representation. Because of the role of a human (dentist) interpretation based on his knowledge, experience and perception which may differ from doctor to doctor; there are chances of error in deciding the right medical treatment. Software developers along with domain experts have designed various standardized and scientific tools to minimize the human error in the case of deciding the right treatment on the basis of visual perception. One of the aims of this paper is to focus on the extracted part of the tooth from digital dental X-ray, finding the required information in the form of features and helping the dentist in the form of pre-diagnosis suggestions at an early stage.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80778124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and control of PMSG based variable speed wind turbine using Proportional Resonant controller","authors":"R. Singh, Y. Chauhan","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707073948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707073948","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a controlling scheme of a permanent magnet synchronous generator based variable speed wind turbine connected to the utility grid, and a full-scale back-to-back voltage source converter to regulate the voltage at a remote location. The Permanent magnet synchronous generator based wind turbine actively supports the utility grid due to its ability to independently control the active and reactive power at a set value by considering the operating condition and limits. A complete dynamic model of the Permanent magnet synchronous generator based wind turbine together with voltage source converter and a recently introduced controller is presented in this paper. This paper presents the voltage control technique by supervisory reactive power control scheme using Proportional Resonant controller. The basic functional of the proportional resonant controller is to introduce an infinite gain at a selected resonant frequency to eliminate steady-state error at that frequency. By using the Proportional resonant controllers, the converter reference tracking performance can be enhanced which reduces as steady state error controllers can be eliminated. KeywordsWind energy conversion system (WECS), PMSG, Voltage source converter (VSC), P-R controller.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84928483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dufour and Soret effect on MHD convective fluid flow in a vertical porous plate with suction","authors":"G. Balreddy, M. Rajashekar","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707060513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707060513","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper is aimed at numerical investigation on the problem of heat and mass transfer on MHD boundary layer with chemical reaction, suction, Soret and Dufour effects. The properties of the fluid considered in present numerical study have been assumed to constant and the variation of density with buoyancy force is also analysed. The governing equations of the flow are transformed into non-linear ordinary differential equations and then solved by using Keller-box method. The various parameters like Magnetic parameter (M), thermal Grashof number (Gr), mass Grashof number (Gc), permeability parameter (K), Prandtl number (Pr), Dufour number (Du), Soret number (Sr) on the flow are analyzed and shown in graphs. The numerical values of the Skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and the Sherwood number are tabulated.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73629875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E-Governance Initiatives for the Socio- Economic Empowerment of Women to Transform the Uttar Pradesh State of India","authors":"Saurabh Gupta, S. Rajan","doi":"10.9790/9622-070606102106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-070606102106","url":null,"abstract":"If Uttar Pradesh (UP) state of India were a country, it would be the 5th most populous country in the world. As per details from Census India 2011, Uttar Pradesh has population of 19.98 Crores of which the female population is 47.6% and the female literacy rate is only 59.26% which is below than India's literacy rate. The status of women in UP is not appreciable. The empowerment and advancement of the women are the demand of time because women contribution in all the fields is required for the sustained, affirmative transformation and growth of the society. But there are various barriers to women empowerment and advancement like poverty, low education levels, unemployment, patriarchal attitude and gender based atrocity against women. The Government of Uttar Pradesh (GoUP) has taken initiatives for women empowerment and advancement so that the women can contribute to build up the nation. These initiatives are required to do Business Process Re-engineering of the Government functions. In this paper, we study and highlight the socioeconomic status of women, and the various Government Process Re-engineering tools in the form of E-Governance initiatives which are implemented in the state for the women empowerment.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73111489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}