{"title":"Parental perspectives and attitudes toward the many aspects of cochlear implantation","authors":"Priyanka Mohan, K. Yerraguntla, B. Rajashekhar","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_13_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_13_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although studies have been carried out to know the influence of family support, family size, the modality of communication, socioeconomic status, and maternal involvement on intervention outcomes, fewer studies have addressed parents' views and their attitudes toward the process. The current study aims to assess relatively unexplored domains in the Indian context through the Parents' Perspective questionnaire. Materials and Methods: The participant groups consisted of parents who were visiting implant centers for rehabilitation during the study period. Parents of children who have had at least 1 year of rehabilitation postimplantation were considered as participants. The parents' perspective questionnaire was adapted and modified to be socioculturally sensitive to the Indian population. The translated version(s) of the questionnaire comprising 40 items under 10 domains was administered in person and through telephonic interviews. Expectations and satisfaction ratings from 102 parents were analyzed across different domains. Results: The questionnaire recorded positive responses and satisfaction in all psychosocial domains assessed. A vast majority of parents reported difficulty in decision-making in addition to stress during the pre- and post-operative periods. Conclusions: The parental perspectives emerging from this study can help professionals address parental concerns, provide assistance in decision-making, and contribute to a better and more approachable service delivery system.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126955601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Archita Kumari, Abhilash Ghadei, S. Thontadarya, A. Srividya
{"title":"Phoneme monitoring abilities in bilingual adolescents and young adults who stutter","authors":"Archita Kumari, Abhilash Ghadei, S. Thontadarya, A. Srividya","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_30_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_30_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Stuttering occurs when the simultaneous and sequential programming of muscle movements required to produce a continuous flow of speech is disrupted. The generalized phoneme monitoring task, in which subjects detect target phonemes appearing anywhere in the test words, was shown to be sensitive to associative context effects. The aim is to investigate the phoneme monitoring abilities in L2 (English) among bilingual adolescents and young adults who stutter. This was a comparative study. Methods: Twenty-two bilinguals (11 persons with stuttering [PWS] and 11 persons with no stuttering [PWNS]) were considered within the age range of 10–16 years (adolescents) and 17–24 years (young adults). An adaptation of the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q) to the Indian context was done on all the participants. The phoneme of English with the highest occurrence was considered. A list of picturable bisyllabic words was made using these target phonemes in initial and medial positions. The audio of targeted phonemes was prerecorded using PRAAT software. In phase 1, PsychoPy software was used to present the targeted phoneme along with the familiarized picture and record the responses of the participants. Keys of the keyboard were assigned to yes/no. In phase 2, the same picture was presented, and the response rate and accuracy in naming the pictures shown were calculated. Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA were done. Results: The results of the present study showed that bilingual PWNS took more time to identify the presence or absence of the target consonant when compared to bilingual PWS. Bilingual PWNS had a higher number of correct responses than bilingual PWS. With respect to the position of the target phoneme, incorrect responses were similar when the target phoneme was in the medial or initial position. Conclusion: The current study advances the theoretical understanding of the causes of stuttering, particularly by supporting the psycholinguistic causes of stuttering.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125214578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validation of a low-cost, portable pure-tone audiometer","authors":"J. Mathai, H. Spandita","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_16_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_16_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Around the world, there is an increasing demand for better hearing services. Access to hearing care involves the availability of accurate and calibrated audiometric apparatus. As audiometers are task-specific and expensive equipment, their portability is a common constraint. Hence, there is a need for developing low-cost, portable audiometers, so that the instrument can be quickly transported to remote regions and is conveniently accessible to multiple centers. Aim: The aim was to compare the air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) thresholds obtained using newly developed Nautilus “KiVi” and a commercial, nonportable audiometer in both normal hearing and hearing-impaired individuals. Methods: The study included a total of 73 people, 52 having normal hearing sensitivity and 21 with hearing impairment. Results: It was found that among individuals with normal hearing except at 125 Hz, there was no significant difference in AC thresholds obtained using the Nautilus “KiVi” audiometer and a commercial, nonportable audiometer across frequencies. However, the BC thresholds obtained using the Nautilus “KiVi” audiometer was significantly better than that of a commercial, nonportable audiometer across frequencies. Among the individuals with hearing impairment, except at 8k Hz, there was no significant difference in AC thresholds obtained using the Nautilus “KiVi” audiometer and a commercial, nonportable audiometer. Conclusion: The Nautilus “KiVi”audiometers provide consistent results throughout a wide frequency range in those with normal hearing as well as with hearing impairment. The equipment is portable and easy to use. Hence, it can be used for diagnostic testing in schools, hospitals, remote villages, and industries.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"1997 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114191692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abhilash Ghadei, Archita Kumari, S. Thontadarya, A. Srividya
{"title":"Situational variations in disfluencies in bilingual person with no stuttering and person with stuttering","authors":"Abhilash Ghadei, Archita Kumari, S. Thontadarya, A. Srividya","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_31_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_31_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Literature evidence that “Disfluency” is normal, nonstuttered disruptions can be seen in nonstutterers, whereas “Dysfluency” refers to stuttered interruptions of speech common in stutterers. Variation of dis/dysfluencies may vary according to situation and language. The existing evidence is limited for explaining the variation of stuttering (dysfluency) or stuttering-like behaviors (disfluency) across different daily life situations and based on langue use in a person with stuttering (PWS) and person with no stuttering (PWNS). The aim was to compare self-reported situational variations of dis/dysfluencies in L1 and L2 among bilingual PWNS as well as bilingual PWS. The study design involves a comparative study. Method: Participants in the age range of 18–24 years were considered in two groups that are a group of PWS and PWNS. In both groups, 112 were recruited (85 were PWNS and 27 were PWS). For the PWS group, individuals with developmental stuttering with a severity above a mild degree, as assessed on SSI-4 by a speech-language pathologist, were selected. As the study tool, a self-reported questionnaire was prepared and administered to check the situational variation of dis/dysfluencies among the participants (for both L1 and L2), which included their rating (0–5 Likert scale). Descriptive statistics and repeated ANOVA were done. Results: Outcomes revealed that there was a significant difference seen in the frequency of dis/dysfluencies when situations in L1 and situations in L2 were compared, respectively, in PWNS and also when L1 and L2 were compared in PWNS, whereas there were no significant differences seen when situations in L1 and situations in L2 were compared, respectively, in PWS and also when L1 and L2 were compared in PWS. Conclusion: Further Investigation on the topic of situational variation of dys/ disfluency could be attempted considering more daily life situations.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130819195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vocal habits, dysphonia severity index, and voice-related quality of life in indian primary school teachers: An exploratory study","authors":"Z. Khateeb, S. Narasimhan","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_28_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_28_22","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Only a handful of studies have explored the relationship between vocal habits, Dysphonia Severity Index (DSI) scores, and Voice-Related Quality of Life (VRQOL), especially among Indian primary school teachers. Aims: We aimed to document the factors affecting DSI and VRQOL scores among Indian primary school teachers and to study the correlation between these measures in Indian teachers with and without dysphonia. Settings and Design: This was a retrospective standard group comparison study. Subjects and Methods: A total of 90 primary school teachers (33 males and 57 females) were administered a vocal health questionnaire, and based on the questionnaire responses, participants were classified into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 33 participants without any self-reported symptoms of voice problems. Group 2 included 57 participants with self-reported symptoms of voice problems. Further, the phonation samples were recorded, and DSI scores were calculated. Participants were also instructed to fill out the VRQOL questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Shapiro–Wilk test, the Mann–Whitney U-test, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were carried out as a part of statistical analyses. Results: Teachers with self-reported vocal symptoms exhibited more frequent habits such as consumption of beverages, intake of spicy and oily food, less time interval between intake of meals and sleep, coughing, speaking at uncomfortable volumes, and frequent screaming or yelling or cheering. There was a significant positive correlation between VRQOL and the DSI values. Conclusion: Future studies can be carried out to discern the impact of the classroom's size, population, background noise, and amplification equipment on teachers.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116836107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Singh, Amulya P. Rao, Y. Krishna, B. Arun, Asha Yathiraj, C. Indranil, K. Sunil, Pradeep, Prawin Kumar, K. Suman, Javara Nayaka, Achaiah, T. Reuben, D. Valame, Gagan Bajaj, H. Shetty, M. Priya, G. Krishnan, P. Hegde
{"title":"Factors Leading to Brain Drain of Speech and Hearing Professionals in India","authors":"N. Singh, Amulya P. Rao, Y. Krishna, B. Arun, Asha Yathiraj, C. Indranil, K. Sunil, Pradeep, Prawin Kumar, K. Suman, Javara Nayaka, Achaiah, T. Reuben, D. Valame, Gagan Bajaj, H. Shetty, M. Priya, G. Krishnan, P. Hegde","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_25_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_25_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: India lacks workforce in the field of speech and hearing leading to the hire of speech and hearing technicians at many work setups. They are allowed to work independently which affects the efficacy of rehabilitation to a greater extent. This alarm necessitates the investigation of reasons for brain drain which will, in turn, help in improvising the speech and hearing services in India. Methods: An e-survey was conducted by circulating a questionnaire which included 10 questions seeking information on the type of job placement, number of shifts in job, the reasons for shifting jobs, satisfaction level at workplace, and percentage of professionals preferring India and/or abroad for job placement. The questionnaire was sent to 3700 professionals, out of whom 360 professionals responded. Results: Lower income, poor professional growth, and unsatisfied job profile were found to be the major reasons for brain drain in India. Conclusion: A regular detailed investigation of reasons for frequent brain drain is required by the concerned bodies in India. In addition, steps should also be taken to rectify the same. Such careful actions may increase the potential employment opportunities for efficient fully trained speech and hearing professionals in India. This will, in turn, raise good quality speech and hearing services in India.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132908710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Articulation rate and speech rhythm in child-directed speech and adult-directed speech","authors":"J. Shivaswamy, Santosh Maruthy, A. Barman","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_26_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_26_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Studies have demonstrated that mothers exaggerate linguistic, segmental and supra-segmental properties of Child-Directed Speech. However, these studies have majorly focused on acoustic characteristics of pitch and its related measures. There has been relatively little research on speech rhythm. Though many studies report slower articulation rate relative to Adult-Directed Speech, still there is no conclusive evidence across different languages. Aims: This study aims to examine articulation rate and rhythm in Kannada speaking mothers, a Dravidian language which is less explored. Methods and Material: Twenty-five dyads of mothers and their children were recruited from the local community through random sampling for the study. The mean age of these children was 2.08 years (SD = 0.61, range= 1.89). The mean age of mothers was 30.96 years (SD= 3.44, range= 13). Articulation rate was calculated by dividing the number of syllables per second by the total duration of fluent speech in each two-minute sample. Speech rhythm was measured using an automatized approach, i.e., Envelope Modulation Spectra (EMS). Results: Results demonstrated that mothers spoke slower to their children when compared to speaking with the adult supporting the universality nature of Child-Directed Speech. Conclusions: However, results showed no conclusive evidence for the analysis of speech rhythm and hence gives a future direction to explore on the use of EMS in the normal population is mandated.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127335008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research interests in speech, language, and hearing sciences: A scientometric study of master's dissertations","authors":"S. Ramkumar","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_2_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_2_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The disciplines of audiology and speech-language pathology are fascinating academic domains, with pronounced 'clinical practice' component. The direction of research and coverage of clinical disorders in master's dissertations can serve as a baseline for future research. Method: The dataset covered 1111 master's dissertations from eight institutes in India spanning 2012-2017 and followed a bibliometric and analytical approach. Results: Domain-wise, the pattern was hearing and its disorders (45.82%)>speech and its disorders (29.79%) > language and its disorders (21.42%). In terms of sub- domains of speech, language and hearing, it was observed that voice and its disorders >phonology, articulation and their disorders >fluency and its disorders; child language disorders >adult language disorders. and diagnostic Audiology >rehabilitative Audiology. The clinical topics covered most in audiology were: rehabilitative audiology-hearing aids, cochlear implants; vestibular balance disorders; sensorineural hearing loss; tinnitus and hyperacusis. The five topmost clinical topics in speech-language pathology were: stuttering; cleft lip/palate; aphasia, feeding and swallowing; autism spectrum disorders and intellectual(Learning) disability. Conclusion: More studies on topics with emphasis on rehabilitative aspects could be attempted. The choice of topics covering advocacy and public health in the form of KAP studies is commendable and can bring about behavioral change and awareness about communication disorders. The speech and hearing institutes can initiate plans for synergy and active collaborations between and among the different players. A directed research agenda by the institutes to align with the national/global needs is suggested.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131257911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vocal changes in different phases of menstrual cycle: An evidence from the acoustic, cepstral, and spectral analysis","authors":"S. Narasimhan, M. Pooja","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_5_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_5_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Spectral and cepstral analyses of voice have potential clinical implications and can be used as a quantitative acoustic index to assess vocal function in various phases of the menstrual cycle. However, only a handful of studies have attempted to investigate these measures to document the vocal changes across various phases of the menstrual cycle and the results are not conclusive. Therefore, the study aimed to document the acoustic, spectral, and cepstral parameters of voice across the four phases of the menstrual cycle. Methods: Phonation samples were recorded during four phases of the menstrual cycle –menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulation phase, and luteal phase – from 30 female participants. None of the participants reported any hormone-related problems, presence, or history of any voice problems and had a regular menstrual cycle at least from the past 5 years. All the phonation samples were analyzed, and the acoustic, spectral, and cepstral parameters were extracted. Results: Fundamental frequency, H1-H2, and cepstral peak prominence (CPP) values were significantly different across the phases of the menstrual cycle. Across the phases of the menstrual cycle, the fundamental frequency, H1-H2, and the CPP values were optimal during the follicular phase and the deviant values were noted during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Conclusion: Future investigations could include the analysis of cepstral and spectral parameters extracted from both the phonation and speech samples that can provide more penetrating and ample in-depth insights into the voice changes across the various phases of the menstrual cycle.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"191 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134238296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parental perspectives on shared reading practices at home","authors":"R. Vrinda, A. Baiju, Devika Rajendran","doi":"10.4103/jisha.jisha_3_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jisha.jisha_3_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Shared book reading is the interaction that occurs between child and adult when they look at or read a book together and it facilitates the development of emergent literacy and language skills. In India, oral narration of stories was the tradition and shared book reading is not a culturally familiar routine. Shared reading practice among preschoolers in India is a less explored research area. Aim: The present study explores the parental perspectives and practices on shared reading at home and also its association with Socioeconomic status. Method: Forty -one parents of 3-5 years old typically developing children with Malayalam as native language participated in the study. The questionnaire on 'Parental Perspectives on Storybook Reading in Indian Home Contexts' was used to understand the parental perspectives on shared reading, and the “Modified Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Scale” was used to understand the socioeconomic status of the family. Results: 73.1% of parents reported that they began reading to their children between 2 and 4 years of age, 43.9% read 3–5 times per week, and 58.5% had fewer than 10 books in the home. The parental attitude and beliefs about shared reading did not correlate with SES and child's age. Conclusion: Overall, the findings indicate that parents were aware of the benefits of storybook reading and were generally positive about it. The findings of this study provide preliminary information on the home literacy environment (HLE) in Kerala. Understanding more about the parental storybook reading practice will facilitate the development of parent programs to enhance and promote quality HLEs.","PeriodicalId":139597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Speech Language & Hearing Association","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115930839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}