International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activity of Annona muricata (Annonaceae) and Corchorus olitorius (Tiliaceae) Two Medicinal Plants from the Ivorian Pharmacopoeia Used in the Treatment of Diabetes","authors":"Abba P. Obouayeba Obou C. Okou, Bognan J.A.A. Ackah Bi Tra L. Tra, Tanoh H. Kouakou Allico J.Djaman, Jean D. N guessan","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2021.901.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2021.901.002","url":null,"abstract":"Annona muricata and Corchorus olitorius are two medicinal plants whose leaves are widely used in Ivory Coast both in nutrition and for the treatment of various pathologies because of their phytochemical compositions. The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemicals and to assess the antioxidant property of the leaves of these two plants. The phytochemical study was carried out using tests for the identification and quantification of phytoconstituents. As for the study of antioxidant activity, it was carried out by measuring the anti-free radical activity either by ABTS or by DPPH. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, sterols, catechetical tannins and terpenes. The quantitative phytochemical screening of the extracts showed that the content of flavonoids (329.10 ± 2.51 mg Eq quercetin/Kg) and that of polyphenols (82.09 ± 0.13 mg Eq gallic acid/g) of Annona muricata are higher than the content of flavonoids (178.45 ± 1.09 mg Eq quercetin/Kg) and that of polyphenols (67.98 ± 5.22 mg Eq gallic acid/g) of Corchorus olitorius. The results of the antioxidant activity by measurement of the ABTS radical shows that the aqueous extract of Annona muricata exhibits the best activity with an IC50 value of 1.79 ± 0.15 μM, while the aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius records an IC50 value of 2.64 ± 0.05 μM. Similar results are observed with the measurement of DPPH. The various metabolites demonstrated have various therapeutic properties which may be involved in the treatment of diabetes. This would confirm the therapeutic use reported by the populations. However, the evaluation of the antimalarial, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities as well as the toxicity test of the aqueous extract of these plants would be necessary.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79339733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Slope Gradient on Coffee Soil Fertility in Goma Woreda of Oromia Region","authors":"M. Kedir","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2021.901.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2021.901.003","url":null,"abstract":"This study was to evaluate the influence slope gradient on coffee soil fertility. Accordingly, soil samples, and field history was collected from 10 coffee farms during pinhead phase. Soil samples collected from 0-30 cm depth were prepared and analyzed in the laboratory following standard procedures. For data analysis, one-way ANOVA was used. The results revealed that coffee cultivations have practiced under wide range of slope gradients in study sites. Variations in slope gradients significantly influenced the coffee soil fertility. Consequently, OM, clay, CEC, available P, Mg and Na generally showed a decreasing trend with increasing slope gradient, whereas sand was opposite. For sound conclusion, appropriate soil and water conservation measures, N, P, K, organic fertilizers are recommended for future work.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83675404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Storage Structures and Storage Period on Grain Quality of Maize (Zea mays L.): The Case of West Shawa Zone, Bako, Ethiopia","authors":"Fufa Negasa Aberra Solomon, D. Girma","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.003","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is one of the most important staple foods and the basis of diet for Ethiopian's. The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of traditional (Gombisa and Sack) and of hermetic bag storage methods concerning quantitative and qualitative losses after 0, 2, 4 and 6 months of storage. The design was arranged in 3x4 factorial fashions. Quality of maize grains (variety: Bako Hybrid-661) stored in the three storage types (Gombisa, Sack and Hermetic Bag) for 6 months studied was in Bako, Ethiopia. Nutritional quality values (total protein, total fat, total fiber, total ash, and utilizable carbohydrate) the samples were analyzed for grain quality deterioration over time. Crude protein, Crude fat, Crude fiber, Crude Ash and total carbohydrate contents was influenced significantly (P<0.05) by storage type in Gombisa. Total protein, total fat, total fiber, total Ash and utilizable carbohydrate contents was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by storage periods. Initially total protein was high 8.9% and dropped significantly to 6.2% in Gombisa in six months of storage periods. Maximum value of total ash was recorded at initial and dropped significantly to 1.1% at the end of six months. The study shows maize grains quality losses in Gombisa and Sack might be due to relative humidity, temperature, moisture content were suitable for storage insects infestation and fungal contamination. As a result of this research, the Hermetic bag was determined to be more appropriate for maintaining grain quality for longer.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"127 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83995240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Communication Difficulties Student-Teachers Face during their Practice of Teaching English at Arba Minch Teachers’ Training College: Ethiopia","authors":"Tesfaye Buche Bosha Desalegn Youpo Ukute","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.007","url":null,"abstract":"This research reports a case study of English majoring student-teachers’ oral communication difficulties at Arba Minch College of Teacher Education during their fourth round teaching practice. The overall aim of the study was to investigate the difficulties that English majoring student-teachers face in their oral communication in the teaching of English during their final teaching practice. To do this, the study employed qualitative and quantitative methods. Interview, questionnaire, classroom observation and focus group discussion were used to gather relevant data from student-teachers, students and ACTE instructors. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS software and the qualitative data were reported verbally. The results of the study revealed that the majority of the student-teachers have faced difficulties to express and share their ideas using English, to pronounce words correctly, to use grammatically correct sentences and to speak English consistently. Thus, it is better to recommend the concerned bodies should mitigate the identified problems through well built mobilizations.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76726254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Dehydration Tower for the Obtaining of Alcohol Anhídro","authors":"Flores Linda Coba Raquel, Arellano Alberto Riofrío Luis, Brito Hanníbal","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.001","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a dehydration tower was carried out in order to obtain anhydrous ethyl alcohol of high degree of purity by adsorption with molecular sieves, for which, we proceeded to identify the process variables by laboratory tests varying the temperature and pressure in the feeding to the molecular sieve, with these data and the flow of feeding proceeded with the design of the dehydrator, determining the variables of the equipment (diameter, volume, internal bed, flow of feeding), as well as additional devices such as a preheater that works with a temperature of 120 ºC, which is essential to increase the enthalpy of the steam, and a condenser fed with water at a temperature of 25 ºC, which makes it possible to transform the anhydrous alcohol from vapor to liquid, having a yield of 86.6% and an efficiency of 92,9%, values that help to have an alcohol of 99,5% by weight in a time of 20 minutes.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86100602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment on the Implementation of Process Approach in Teaching Writing Skills: The Case of Preparatory Schools in Wolaita Zone","authors":"Mesfin Mekuria Dangore","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.005","url":null,"abstract":"It is obvious that the English courses offered in different schools are based on the assumption that what is taught and learned in these schools would help students overcome their previous writing problems and write well in their English. The major objective of this study was to assess the implementation of process approach in teaching’ writing skills and to identify kinds of errors the students commit during writing through process approach. To this end, checklists were prepared so as to check the students’ writing skills. Textbook content analysis, teachers’ and students’ questionnaire results, semi-structured interview with teachers and students, and classroom observation results were used. Subjects selected were Wolaita Sodo preparatory school grade 12 students and teachers. Using purposive sampling technique, ten (10) English teachers of grade 12 were included as a sample for this study because they were fewer in number and easily managed. Out of 1200 Grade- 12 students, 300 sample students were taken using top 20 achieving students from 15 sections (section A-to-O) for filling the questionnaire. In relation to this kind of subject selection technique, Mertler (2005) recommends that about 20-25% of the respondents should be selected from the total population. According to his recommendation, this study included 25% of the total population as the student respondents of this work. Concerning the research design, a descriptive research design was used to analyze and interpret the data. The findings of the study indicated that the students’ writing skill is terribly low. Tests were given to the participants and it was found that students couldn’t keep the given good paragraph writing criteria. In effect, students wrote fragmented ideas without giving a complete idea and they were generally found less successful in meeting the writing requirements and expectations of the teachers, specifically; teachers’ expectations in terms of writing skills and English language proficiency because most of the students scored below an average value and also the higher value lied in negative standard deviation and mean. Moreover, both teachers and the students appeared to have different views as to the responsibility of teachers to help students improve their writing skills. However, as a whole, it was found out that the teachers in the Wolaita Sodo Preparatory school appeared to have paid little attention to help their students improve their writing skills though it is possible that some teachers may individually help their students. My observation in the real classroom practice also indicated that some students even couldn’t write a single meaningful sentence let alone writing effective paragraph in the grounds that the teachers and students of grade 12 were not practicing writing skills using process approach. Some factors which hinder the implementation of process approach reported by both teachers and students were shortage of time, low background knowledge","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79935583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Students’ Perceptions towards the effects of EFL Teachers’ Classroom Assessment Technique on their Academic Achievements: The Case of Four Selected Secondary Schools in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Faskal Faranso Faltamo","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.004","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment is an integral part of measuring effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. It basically focused on measuring the students’ progress in what they learned. Current study examined the relation between the students’ perceptions towards EFL teachers Classroom Assessment methods and their academic achievements. To this end, descriptive research design with qualitative and quantitative methods of data collections was employed. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources via questionnaire, interview and observations. Target populations of current study were randomly selected 281students and purposely selected four teachers of secondary schools at Wolaita zone, Ethiopia. The data were analyzed using mixed methods of data analysis. Based on results obtained from qualitative and quantitative data, it was found out that the students’ perceptions towards teachers’ assessment was proportional to their achievement. Most dominantly, low achievers were not satisfied with their teachers’ methods of assessment as their students were low and the vice versa it true.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74115184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Distance and Variation among Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum. L) Genotypes for Yield Traits in Kamashi District of Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia","authors":"K. Hussen","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.010","url":null,"abstract":"The present research was carried out to determine and record genetic distance and variation among cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) genotypes for yield traits in Kamashi district of benishangul-gumuz regional state for fourteen upland cotton genotypes. The genotypes were evaluated for ten traits in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected on days of 50% flowering, days to 65%boll opening, plant height, Number of monopodial branches per plant, Number of sympodial branches per plant, Boll number per plant, Boll weight Seed cotton yield per hectare, Lint yield and Ginning out tern. The data were subjected to analysis of variance. Genotypes were varied significantly for most of the traits studied and there were wide range variation on mean values for most of the traits which indicated the presence of variability among the tested genotypes.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86817204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Venous Catheter Tip Culture and Sensitivity Pattern from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jammu Region, India","authors":"P. S. Perika, S. S. N. Rajput, S. G. Y. Bhandari, R. Tomar","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.011","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Central Venous Catheters (CVC) in critically ill patients often leads to Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections (CRBSI). Blood stream infections which are associated with catheter is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Aim of the study is to find the type of organisms isolated from Central venous catheter tip and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. A total of 100 samples were received in our laboratory over a period of one year. Samples were processed; organisms were isolated and subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity according to standard laboratory procedures. AST interpretation was done according to latest CLSI Guidelines. Of the 100 samples received in our laboratory, 11(11%) showed no growth or insignificant growth. 64% of the total samples were Gram Negative Bacilli and 23% were Gram Positive Cocci, 2% were Candida albicans. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common organisms isolated among gram negative bacilli and gram positive cocci respectively. Sensitive drugs in case of gram positive cocci were vancomycin and linezolid and in case of gram negative bacilli were Colistin and polymyxin B.","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84202369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Bio Prospective Potential of Corynebacterium glutamicum","authors":"Asfaw Tora Kacho B.S.R. Pattnaik","doi":"10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2019.704.002","url":null,"abstract":"Corynebacterium glutamicumis a nonpathogenic, aerobic, gram-positive soil bacterium used for the large-scale biotechnological production of several biomolecules. C. glutamicum is an industrial microbe traditionally used for the production of amino acids. It is a well known microbe as the workhorse in fermentation industry used since its first discovery in Japan in 1950s for production of monosodium glutamate (MSG)and L-lysine with a market size of 3.1 and 2.2 million. However, for the fermentative production of diverse products through genetic–metabolic engineering. Due to its industrial importance, several clones of C. glutamicum have been sequenced by both industry and academic groups. Furthermore it has also been exploited for the synthesis of a variety of other fuels and chemicals. Especially, the facultative anaerobic lifestyle of this Gram-positive bacterium formed the basis to engineer C. glutamicum for the production of reduced molecules such as organic acids (e.g., lactate, succinate) and alcohols (e.g., ethanol, isobutanol) under zero-growth anaerobic conditions. The present work is a review of various uses of C. glutamicum for which the researchers explored several resources including the PubMed database, Journals and online archives upto March 2019. The review in its analysis signifies the vital utility of C. glutamicum in various prospective. Most articles were on occurrence, metabolism, metabolic role, and industrial uses of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Through genetic alterations, this microbe showed its efficacy for the simultaneous utilization of hexose and pentose sugars of biomass hydrolysate for making value-added products, such as amino acids and polyamines, and thus making it a strain of choice to work in a bio-refinery concept. This soil microbe also showed its efficacy in bioremediation purposes, such as arsenic removal. Recently its extensive research has focused on engineering beyond the scope of amino acids for utilization of alternative carbon sources, (e.g. coming from wastes and unprocessed sources), and construction of C. glutamicum strains for production of new products such as diamines, organic acids and alcohols. Meanwhile, a variety of corynebacterial strains allows access to alternative carbon sources that allows production of a wide range of industrially relevant compounds. Some of these efforts set new standards in terms of titers and productivities achieved whereas others represent a proof-of-principle. These achievements manifest the position of C. glutamicum as an important industrial microorganism with capabilities far beyond the traditional amino acid production. According to the studies cited in different literatures C. glutamicum reported as the most effective and playing important roles as dominant bacteria in biotechnological applications as well as industrial processes and products. And, with recent advances in biotechnology, the economic contributions that these organisms can make in biotechnol","PeriodicalId":13945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85319048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}