International journal of clinical pharmacology research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating pain in osteoarthritis of the hands: the effect of patient information.","authors":"G Rovetta,&nbsp;P Monteforte,&nbsp;L Molfetta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evaluation of osteoarthritis pain is principally based on a subjective rating scale. Accuracy in recording pain score is obviously important. In the present study we evaluated the effect of better standardization of information given to patients in determining the visual analog scale (VAS) score. Fifty-three consecutive male and female outpatients aged 18-65 years (40 women and 13 men) fulfilling the criteria for osteoarthritis of the hands were included in the study. Eligible patients attended the Rheumatology Center on three occasions: day 1, day 3 and day 6 of the study. Two information cards were prepared. On the first card, given to the patient at the end of the first visit, osteoarthritis of the hands was described as a less dangerous disease than rheumatoid arthritis. On the second card, given to patients at the end of the second visit, greater emphasis was placed on anatomo-pathological description of the destructive lesions. VAS score was recorded on days 1, 3 and 6 of observation. ANOVA for repeated measures demonstrated a significant reduction of VAS score between the first and the second assessment and a significant increase between the second and the third assessment. A further significant difference was found in the comparison between the first and third assessment. These results show that different standards of information given to patients may modify VAS score.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"23 2-3","pages":"61-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40839501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of three H2-receptor antagonists (cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine) on serum gastrin level.","authors":"T Ohsawa,&nbsp;W Hirata,&nbsp;S Higichi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the pattern of changes in serum gastrin level produced by three H2-receptor antagonists (H2RA) in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers between 1990 and 1999. The subjects were 51 patients (cimetidine: 18 patients; famotidine: 16 patients; ranitidine: 17 patients). The gastrin test (in the fasting and meal-stimulated states) was conducted during drug administration and on the fourth day after drug cessation. After cessation of the drug therapy, the fasting serum gastrin level was significantly lower than that during the drug therapy with the three H2RAs. Gastrin level in the fasting test was significantly higher during famotidine therapy than during cimetidine therapy (p = 0.0123). In the meal-stimulated gastrin test, the AUC of gastrin during treatment with H2RA treatment was significantly higher with famotidine than with cimetidine (p = 0.0024). The results indicate different patterns of change in the serum gastrin level in the fasting and meal-stimulated test according to the H2RA administered. Gastrin level was highest in patients administered famotidine and lowest among those administered cimetidine. The pattern of gastrin change in patients administered ranitidine was intermediate between famotidine and cimetidine.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 2","pages":"29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22174571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paclitaxel-ifosfamide for anthracycline-resistant advanced breast cancer.","authors":"P Kellokumpu-Lehtinen,&nbsp;A Lantto,&nbsp;R Kokko,&nbsp;L Elomaa,&nbsp;R Järvenpää,&nbsp;R Lehtinen,&nbsp;C Blomqvist","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thirty-one patients with advanced breast cancer either resistant to anthracycline-based regimens or relapsing after anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy received a combination of a 3-h infusion of paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 on day 1 and a 4-h infusion of ifosfamide 1.7 g/m2 on days 2 to 4 of a 22-day cycle. For inclusion in the study, patients had to have measurable or evaluable progressive metastasis or local disease, and to have received only one prior regimen for metastatic disease; 31 patients with a median age of 49 years (range: 30-69) entered the study. Nine patients (29%) had lung metastasis, while 17 (55%) had liver metastasis, and 19 (61%) had bone metastasis. Only seven patients (23%) had lymph node metastasis and four (13%) had skin metastasis. A median of seven cycles of treatment was delivered. Responses were evaluated according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and side effects according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) criteria. A panel of oncologists and one radiologist reviewed all responses. At baseline, only three patients (10%) were free from the adverse effects of the prior therapy; severe nonhematological toxicity occurred in less than 8% of patients. However neutropenia grade 3-4 occurred in 88%, while only 3% had severe infections. Severe thrombocytopenia and anemia were rare (4% and 8%, respectively). The overall response rate was 42% (13% complete response). Median survival and progression-free survival rates after initiation of treatment were 19.3 months and 6.1 months, respectively. With an objective response rate of 42% and median survival of 19 months, the combination of paclitaxel and ifosfamide seems to offer a promising regimen with acceptable side effects in advanced breast cancer patients relapsing after anthracycline-based adjuvant treatment or resistant to anthracycline treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 2","pages":"47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22174573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of orally administered undenatured type II collagen against arthritic inflammatory diseases: a mechanistic exploration.","authors":"D Bagchi,&nbsp;B Misner,&nbsp;M Bagchi,&nbsp;S C Kothari,&nbsp;B W Downs,&nbsp;R D Fafard,&nbsp;H G Preuss","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arthritis afflicts approximately 43 million Americans or approximately 16.6% of the US population. The two most common and best known types of arthritis are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A significant amount of scientific research has been done in attempts to explain what initiates forms of arthritis, how it is promoted and perpetuated and how to effectively intervene in the disease process and promote cartilage remodeling. Current pharmacological strategies mainly address immune suppression and antiinflammatory mechanisms and have had limited success. Recent research provides evidence that alterations in the three-dimensional configuration of glycoproteins are responsible for the recognition/response signaling that catalyzes T-cell attack. Oral administration of autoantigens has been shown to suppress a variety of experimentally induced autoimmune pathologies, including antigen-induced RA. The interaction between gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the duodenum and epitopes of orally administered undenatured type II collagen facilitates oral tolerance to the antigen and stems systemic T-cell attack on joint cartilage. Previous studies have shown that small doses of orally administered undenatured type II chicken collagen effectively deactivate killer T-cell attack. A novel glycosylated undenatured type II collagen material (UC-II) was developed to preserve biological activity. The presence of active epitopes in the UC-II collagen is confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test and distinguishes this form from hydrolyzed or denatured collagen. Oral intake of small amounts of glycosylated UC-II presents active epitopes, with the correct three-dimensional structures, to Peyer's patches, which influences the signaling required for the development of immune tolerance. UC-II has demonstrated the ability to induce tolerance, effectively reducing joint pain and swelling in RA subjects. A pilot study was conducted for 42 days to evaluate the efficacy of UC-II (10 mg/day) in five female subjects (58-78 years) suffering from significant joint pain. Significant pain reduction including morning stiffness, stiffness following periods of rest, pain that worsens with use of the affected joint and loss of joint range of motion and function was observed. Thus, UC-II may serve as a novel therapeutic tool in joint inflammatory conditions and symptoms of OA and RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 3-4","pages":"101-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22463570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orlistat use in overweight women with mild hypercholesterolemia.","authors":"C Petrogiannopoulos,&nbsp;S Kalogeropoulos,&nbsp;G S Latsios,&nbsp;G Hartzoulakis,&nbsp;G Kalogeropoulos,&nbsp;A Zaharof","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, we investigated the effects of a 6-month treatment with orlistat on body weight and lipid profile in 27 overweight women (mean body mass index [BMI]: 27.5 kg/m2; median age: 38.4 years) with mild hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol: 225 mg/dl; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]: 162 mg/dl). Orlistat was administered three times per day in conjunction with a hypocaloric diet After 6 months of treatment, body weight decreased by 17.71% and BMI decreased by 18.54%, whereas there was a significant (p < 0.01) improvement in serum lipid levels (total cholesterol: -25.33% LDL-C: -30.86%, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: +9.37%, triglycerides: -35.97%). In conclusion, orlistat in combination with a low-energy diet seems to have a beneficial effect on body weight and lipid profile in overweight women with mild hypercholesterolemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 3-4","pages":"85-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22463568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of original policosanol versus other mixtures of higher aliphatic primary alcohols in patients with type II hypercholesterolemia.","authors":"G Castaño,&nbsp;L Fernández,&nbsp;R Mas,&nbsp;J Illnait,&nbsp;J Fernández,&nbsp;M Mesa,&nbsp;E Alvarez,&nbsp;M Lezcay","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This randomized, double-blind study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol and Octa-60 in patients with type II hypercholesterolemia. After 4 weeks on a diet, 110 patients were randomized to policosanol or Octa-60 5 mg tablets once a day for 5 weeks. The dose was then doubled to 10 mg/day for the next 5 weeks. Policosanol 5 and 10 mg/day significantly lowered low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (p<0.0001 and p<0.00001), the main efficacy variable, by 18.6% and 30.2%, while Octa-60 significantly reduced (p<0.05) LDL-C by 10.0% at study completion only. The frequency of policosanol patients reaching reductions of LDL-C > or = 15% after 5 mg/day (37/55; 67.3%) and 10 mg/day (47/55; 88.7%) was greater (p<0.01 and p<0.01) than in the Octa-60 group, which was 5/55 (9.1%) and 20/55 (36.4%). Likewise, the frequency of patients reaching LDL-C values of <3.4 mmol/l at study completion was greater (p<0.001) in the policosanol group (39/55, 70.9%) than in the Octa-60 group (6/55, 10.9%). Policosanol 5 and 10 mg/day significantly lowered (p<0.00001) total cholesterol (TC) (13.4% and 20.4%), LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (22.1% and 37.0%) and TC/HDL-C (17.2% and 28.2%). Octa-60 at 10 mg/day lowered (p<0.05) TC (8.7%), LDL-C/HDL-C (12.6%) and TC/HDL-C (9.4%). HDL-C was increased (p<0.001 and 0.0001) by policosanol 5 and 10 mg/day (5.6% and 12.5%) but was unchanged by Octa-60. In both groups, triglycerides remained unchanged. Both treatments were safe and well tolerated. Octa-60, but not policosanol, significantly increased glucose and alanine aminotransferase, but individual values were within the normal range. Four patients (two from each group) discontinued the trial, but only one (in the Octa-60 group) did so because of an adverse event (AE) (skin rash). Overall, three patients (all from the Octa-60 group) reported AEs. In conclusion, original policosanol at 5 and 10 mg/day, but not Octa 60, was effective in patients with type II hypercholesterolemia. Thus, policosanol reached the efficacy criterion for LDL-C reduction in both steps, while Octa-60 failed to reach this goal. In addition, policosanol was better tolerated than Octa-60.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 2","pages":"55-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22174574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of glucose-derived advanced glycation end products are associated with the severity of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients without renal dysfunction.","authors":"K Koga,&nbsp;S Yamagishi,&nbsp;T Okamoto,&nbsp;Y Inagaki,&nbsp;S Amano,&nbsp;M Takeuchi,&nbsp;Z Makita","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reducing sugars can react nonenzymatically with the amino groups of proteins to form Amadori products and subsequently cross-linked, heterogeneous fluorescent derivatives called advanced glycation end products (AGE). AGE can arise in vivo from various types of reducing sugars or dicarbonyl compounds and their formation and accumulation are known to progress during normal aging. In individuals with diabetes mellitus, this progression is greatly accelerated. The aim of the present study was to investigate which kinds of serum AGE components were associated with the severity of diabetic retinopathy in 72 type 2 diabetic patients without renal dysfunction. Serum levels of glucose-, glyceraldehyde- or methylglyoxal-derived AGE (methyl-AGE) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No significant correlations were found between serum levels of various AGE and HbA1c level, current age, systolic and diastolic pressure, diabetes duration, serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen level in type 2 diabetic patients. A significant elevation of serum glucose-AGE was found to be associated with severity of diabetic retinopathy. While no differences in serum methyl-AGE levels were found between patients with diabetic retinopathy and those without, serum levels of glyceraldehyde-AGE showed a tendency to increase as normal retinal status advanced to simple and proliferative retinopathy (p = 0.06). The present results suggest that among various types of AGE, glucose-AGE serum levels may be a useful marker of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients without renal dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 1","pages":"13-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22079685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temozolomide in second-line treatment after prior nitrosurea-based chemotherapy in glioblastoma multiforme: experience from a Portuguese institution.","authors":"M M Teixeira,&nbsp;I Garcia,&nbsp;I Portela,&nbsp;M Cernuda,&nbsp;C Oliveira,&nbsp;J Albano,&nbsp;L Lima","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temozolomide is a new cytotoxic alkylating agent that has recently been approved in Portugal for the treatment of recurrent high-grade glioma. From September 1999 to March 2001, 16 patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme who had prior nitrosurea-based chemotherapy [procarbazine, carmustine, vincristine (PCV)] were given temozolomide 150-200 mg/m2/day for 5 days every 28-day cycle. The estimated 1-year survival rate was 16% and the median overall survival was 6.5 months. Despite the small sample size, the overall survival achieved with temozolomide was similar to that of other reports. These promising data suggest that randomized trials should be undertaken to assess its use in first-line therapy its inclusion in combined chemotherapy regimes and its effectiveness with concurrent radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 1","pages":"19-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22079686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pigment epithelium-derived factor Met72Thr polymorphism in patients with diabetic microangiopathy.","authors":"S Yamagishi,&nbsp;S Amano,&nbsp;Y Inagaki,&nbsp;T Okamoto,&nbsp;Y Koda,&nbsp;M Soejima,&nbsp;H Kimura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) has recently been shown to be the most potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in the mammalian eye. We, along with others, have very recently found that loss of PEDF is involved in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. However, there are no studies on the allelic effects of PEDF gene polymorphism in diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we investigated whether a functional amino acid change, a methionine to threonine polymorphism (Met72Thr polymorphism) of the PEDF gene, is associated with microangiopathy in 143 patients with diabetes. We found that there were no significant associations between PEDF Met72Thr gene polymorphism and diabetic microangiopathy. These observations suggest that these genetic variants might not be involved in the mechanism of diabetic microangiopathy in patients with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 3-4","pages":"67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22463047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal cases of gabexate mesilate-induced anaphylaxis.","authors":"Y Matsukawa,&nbsp;S Nishinarita,&nbsp;S Sawada,&nbsp;T Horie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gabexate mesilate, ethyl-4-(6-guanidinohexanoyloxy) benzoate monomethanesulfonate (C16H23N3 O4CH4O3S: M.W. 417.48), is a synthetic protease inhibitor and was introduced for clinical use in 1978. It rarely induces anaphylaxis, and patients with gabexate mesilate-induced shock had been reported to survive with appropriate treatments including respiratory support. However, there were increasing reports on fatal cases in recent years: 6 cases have been reported to develop fatal anaphylaxis following dripping infusions of gabexate mesilate. All the fatal cases rapidly developed anaphylaxis (within 5 minutes), whereas 7 out of 11 in recovered cases developed it 5 or more minutes after the injection. Venous access should be kept for at least 30 minutes to prepare for and to treat this fatal reaction in patients receiving gabexate mesilate repeatedly.</p>","PeriodicalId":13940,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology research","volume":"22 3-4","pages":"81-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22463567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}