International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]最新文献

{"title":"Aetiology of Convulsions in Relation to Clinical, Electrophysiological and Radiological Changes and Management","authors":"B. Ramulu","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.34","url":null,"abstract":"Introducion: An epileptic seizure may be conceptualized as a paroxysmal pathological process in the brain of a heterogeneous etiology with heteromorphic clinical and electrophysiological manifestation. Current research aimed to study the aetiology of convulsions in relation to clinical, electrophysiological and radiological changes and management. Material and methods: It was a prospective study carried out on 50 patients of convulsions admitted in the medical wards. Patients with convulsions of all age groups were included in this study. Results: The incidence of convulsions in those people below 18 years of age was 30% and in adults above 50 years of age was 30%. The incidence is not in confirmation with porter’s studies where it is highest above 80% in the children below 18 years age. Most common etiology in study was cerebrovascular accidents 13(26%) and followed by infraction in 10 cases(20%). Incidence of seizure was more in males than compared to females. Most of the patients with seizures were presented with generalised tonic clonic seizures(20 cases). Conclusion: Focal seizures were more commoner than other groups of seizures. 20% of patients in this study remained undiagnosed with obscure aetiology. Keyword: Aetiology of Convulsions, Relation to Clinical, Electrophysiological and Radiological","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89221491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS): Smoking Cessation Tools or Escalating Nicotine Addiction","authors":"S. Vardhan, M. Bajpai, Rigvardhan Rigvardhan","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are used to smoke or ‘vape’, a flavoured solution containing nicotine, an addictive chemical found in cigarettes and tobacco products. Contrary to popular belief that they are useful as smoking cessation tools, current data does not support this theory. In fact, they cause various deleterious effects in body including death. Their use has seen exponential rise amongst youth. We conducted a study in northern India to assess its prevalent use and awareness amongst youth. Material and methods: A questionnaire with various questions related to ENDS was circulated amongst higher secondary schools and university students to ascertain their use and awareness amongst students regarding its usage pattern and health effects. After receiving first 200 confirmed responses of use, the data was analysed. Results: First 200 confirmed users were obtained after 764 responses. 82% were exposed to ENDS at an age of 1520 years. 38% said vaping was ‘COOL’ and 32% started it because of nice flavours. 28% believed that ENDS are safe and 47% were either not sure or not aware. 41% were now more open to the idea of regular smoking. Conclusion: Nicotine is one of the most addictive drug and exposure of youth to ENDS predisposes them to nicotine at an early age. Understanding of the potential harmful effects of ENDS is not fully comprehended by them predisposing them to addiction. Therefore, the ban on ENDS by the government is justified.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87477017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective Study of Clinical Profile, Predisposing Factors and Management of Deep Venous Thrombosis","authors":"P. Naresh, Jangra Amit, Kumar Virender, K. Ritesh","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.40","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs is one of the most common cause for the majority of deaths caused by pulmonary embolism. Deep vein thrombosis is the formation of blood clots in the deep veins which commonly affects the leg veins such as the calf veins, femoral vein, or popliteal vein or veins of the pelvis. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical profile of patients in form of age, sex, etiological factors of deep venous thrombosis in our institute. Also study risk the factors in patients of deep venous thrombosis. Material and Methods: Study was a prospective study which was conducted on 108 symptomatic patients of deep vein thrombosis which were proved by colour doppler ultrasonography. All patients who were more than 18 years of age and either sex were taken into study. Results: In our study 37.03% of the patients were males and 62,97% were females with majority belonging to 2130 years of age group (33.82%). In this study the youngest patient was 20 years old female and the oldest patient was 96 years old female. Male: Female ratio was 1:1.7. The least common age group affected is extreme of age i.e. ≥ 20 years and > 60 years of age in both sexes. The most common limb affected is left lower limb 62 patients (57.40) and right limb involvement is seen in 39.81% of patients. Bilateral lower limb DVT is present in two patients and one patient was upper limb DVT. Predisposing factors associated with thrombosis in deep veins maximally seen in 46 patients in 42.59% due to unknown cause. Pregnancy and post-partum was the second most common predisposing factor associated with DVT which is seen in 33 patients in 30.55%. Thrombosis due to orthopaedic trauma is seen eight patients only. Chronic illness and malignancy was present in 19.44% of patients. Conclusion: It is very important for accurate diagnosis of DVT to prevent potentially fatal complications like pulmonary embolism (PE) and pulmonary hypertension. Also it is very important to avoid anticoagulants therapy with associated risk of bleeding in patients of misdiagnosed and negative colour doppler findings. Because clinical features are nonspecific; hence new strategies were evolved for diagnosing this condition.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80413653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Dry Eye after Phacoemulsification and Manual SICS in Tertiary Centre of Jharkhand","authors":"P. Kumari, M. D. Lakra","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.24","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cataract is the major cause of blindness in the developing world. Study aimed at evaluation of tear film stability and tear secretion after phacoemulsification compared with MSICS. Material and methods: This prospective comparative randomized study was performed in a tertiary centre of Jharkhand between June 2018 to March 2019. 187 patients with senile cataract were included in this study. Group A had 110 patients undergoing MSICS and group B 77 patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Dry eye symptoms(DES) characterizedby redness, burning, stinging, foreign body sensation, photophobia. Corneal fluorescein staining was performed. Basal Schirmer test was performed for assessment of aqueous tear production. Patients were examined post operatively on 1st week, 4th week and 3rd month. Results: Out of 187 patients 103(55.08%) were male and 84(44.91%) were female. Grade of DES increased significantly 1 week after each procedure compared to pre-operative data and remained increased after 4 weeks of surgery. After 3 months the symptoms decreased and returned to baseline data. Conclusion: MSICS is as effective as phacoemulsification with no difference between both techniques regarding tear film stability and tear secretion.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86914718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Awareness and Assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients Attending Ophthalmology Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Telangana State","authors":"Chintala Narsaiah, P. Manoj, A. Raju","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79234435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic Transnasal Repair of Bilateral Choanal Atresia in Neonates: Our Experience","authors":"M. Navalakhe, S. Chhabria, N. Gaikwad, Vivek Dwivedi","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.36","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Congenital choanal atresia is the developmental failure of the nasal cavity to communicate with nasopharynx. The newborn baby presents with intermittent attacks of cyanosis and respiratory distress soon after birth. Inability to pass nasal catheters in both the nares reveals the diagnosis of bilateral Choanal Atresia. Study aimed to present our experience with a endoscopic approach for transnasal repair of choanal atresia. Material and Methods: Seven patients with mean age 7 days with bilateral choanal atresia,underwent endoscopic repair using a mucoperichondrial flap from the nasal septum. The bony stenosis was opened with a surgical curette or drill, and the raw surface was covered by the flap. Results: A total of 7 choanae were operated. With mean follow-up 27 months. Out of seven patients operated by us, five patient survived with a patent choana.We had two deaths, one patient expired during the procedure due to bleeding and one patient expired three hour after the procedure due to CCF. Conclusion: Endoscopic repair of choanal atresia is a safe and","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81731643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gingival Depigmentation along with Frenectomy and Diastema Closure - A Case Report","authors":"S. Verma, J. Thakur, B. Kumar, N. Sharma","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.33","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dental aesthetic plays an important role in overall facial representation of a person. A smile enhances expression of a person. A perfect harmony of size, form, and po sition of the teeth and their relation with alveolar bone and gingival tissue have important role in creating a pleasing smile. Excessive gingival melanin pigmentation can give brownish to blackish colour to gingival. Case report: This case report highlights a case of hyperpigmentation gingiva with midline diastema which was treated by gingival depigmentation using the scalpel technique with frenectomy and cosmetic filling. Conclusion: The appearance of ‘black gum’ especially in high smile line person gives unaesthetic smile. The demand for cosmetic therapy is commonly in people with pigmented","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"444 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76682060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Adenotonsillitis Patients","authors":"M. Coelho, K. Shoba","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83590038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metronidazole Induced Cerebellar Ataxia: A Rare Case Report","authors":"K DhanyaAlva, S. Rai","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.27","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Metronidazole is an antibiotic and an antiprotozoal drug very commonly used in our day to day practice. It is either used alone or in combination with other drugs to treat Pelvic inflammatory disease, Endocarditis and Bacterial Vaginosis. It is generally well tolerated and common side effects include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, metallic taste. Case report: We are presenting a rare case of Metronidazole induced cerebellar ataxia in a patient who received the drug for a relatively shorter duration. Conclusion: The neurological features usually occur when the drug dose exceeds 2g/day for a prolonged period. Peripheral neuropathy, dizziness, encephalopathy, seizures, optic neuropathy can be seen. Cerebellar ataxia is a rare and serious side effect of this drug.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75901610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myroides: An Emerging Pathogen Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Hospitalized Patients","authors":"M. Agrawal, V. Mamoria, Sonali Mittal, Ayushi Sharma","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.28","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The genus Myroides comprises of Gramnegative, non-motile, and nonfermenting bacteria. It is a rare opportunistic pathogen but many recent case reports, however, underscore the pathogenic potential that Myroides spp. possesses for humans. Immunocompromised patients are at higher risk for Myroides infection. Diabetes, catheterization and ICU stay may increase the chances of acquiring Myroides infection. Material and Methods: Urine specimens collected from inpatients were cultured as per standards. Myroides spp. were identified and sensitivity was performed on VITEK® 2 CompactTM. Results: A total of 16 Myroides spp. isolates were obtained in the study period. All the isolates were from catheterized patients residing in intensive care units. Eleven (69%) patients were suffering from diabetes mellitus. Extensive resistance was seen in antibiotic sensitivity results. Minocycline was 100% sensitive. Conclusion: Myroides spp. should be considered among pathogens in hospitalized, catheterized patients. They could be extremely drug resistant. Minocycline is a useful antibiotic while treating UTI caused by Myroides spp.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72587581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}