{"title":"Comparing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Ericksonian Hypnotherapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Metin Çınaroğlu, Eda Yılmazer, Cemre Odabaşı, Selami Varol Ülker, Selin Tan, Gökben Hızlı Sayar","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2608846","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2608846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition that often responds well to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), though many patients fail to achieve full remission. Ericksonian Hypnotherapy (EH) has been proposed as a promising alternative. This randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of CBT and EH against a waitlist control in 99 adults with OCD. Participants received 12 weekly online therapy sessions. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, mid-treatment, and post-treatment using the Padua Inventory-Revised, Yale - Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale - Self-Report (Y-BOCS-SR), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Both CBT and EH led to large, statistically and clinically significant reductions in OCD symptoms compared to waitlist. CBT was more effective for compulsive behaviors such as washing, while EH produced greater reductions in obsessive rumination and general anxiety. No serious adverse events occurred. These findings suggest that EH is a viable and comparably effective treatment to CBT, with distinct therapeutic benefits. EH may offer a particularly useful option for patients with obsession-dominant symptom profiles or comorbid anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"66-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Essence of Ericksonian Psychotherapy: Toward a Manualized Resource.","authors":"Dan N Short, Roxanna Erickson-Klein","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2607981","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2607981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ericksonian therapy, distinguished by its adaptive and individualized methods, is simultaneously celebrated for its innovation and critiqued for its lack of theoretical structure. To address this issue, we explore the essence of Ericksonian therapy, emphasizing the need for a structured yet adaptable operational framework to support its application in clinical, educational, and research contexts. Recognizing the challenges posed by the fluid and client-centered nature of Ericksonian methods, we review a framework grounded in six core competencies that are distinct within Ericksonian therapy. The identified competencies: tailoring, utilization, strategic interventions, destabilization, experiential methods, and naturalistic change; aim to balance the therapy's inherent adaptability with the necessity for teachability and empirical validation. Drawing on empirical evidence and theoretical insights, the article underscores the importance of operationalizing Ericksonian therapy to bridge the gap between its dynamic artistry and the structured demands of modern scientific inquiry. By advancing a manualized resource grounded in six core competencies, this article seeks to reconcile Ericksonian therapy's complexity with the demands of research, training, and diverse clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"5-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mind-Manifesting Hypnosis: Phenomenological Similarities and Differences in Hypnotic and Psychedelic Contexts.","authors":"Etzel Cardeña","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2554069","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2554069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the 1970s, researchers and theoreticians of states of consciousness jointly discussed hypnosis and psychedelic alterations of consciousness, but recent research has mostly kept these topics apart. This paper discusses the similarities and differences of hypnosis and psychedelic alterations of consciousness, stressing that states of consciousness should not be defined by their preceding contexts. Predictors of positive responses to psychedelics (e.g. absorption and openness to experience) also predict hypnotic responsiveness. Most experiential changes (e.g. changes in bodily sensations and image, increased simple and complex imagery, and transcendent phenomena) produced by psychedelics are also reported within minimal suggestion hypnosis by highly responsive participants. Yet, there are differences in single sessions in that, as compared with hypnosis, psychedelic experiences typically last longer, are less controllable but more intense, and might produce more negative outcomes but also have a greater potential for positive long-term effects. Hypnosis, psychedelic research, and clinical work can enrich each other and should be more integrated than has been the case recently.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"398-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suggestion Effects in Psychedelics: Confounds and Opportunities.","authors":"Madeline V Stein, Devin B Terhune","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2501964","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2501964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The resurgence of interest in psychedelics has led to their widespread, and often uncritical, promotion within both popular media and scientific communities. This heightened enthusiasm complicates assessments of the neurocognitive effects of psychedelics as well as their efficacy as adjuncts to psychotherapy. A key challenge for this nascent field involves understanding how suggestion effects can both act as a significant confound in research on psychedelics but also improve outcomes in therapeutic interventions. By critically examining how suggestion effects operate within psychedelic experiences, we aim to draw greater attention to their role as a source of bias but also as a tool that can be leveraged to maximize therapeutic benefits. We argue for more careful consideration of, and rigorous experimentation into, the role of suggestion effects in response to psychedelics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"449-468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intersections of Psychedelics, Mystical Experiences, and Hypnosis.","authors":"Gary Elkins","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2554387","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2554387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelic, mystical experiences, and peak spiritual experiences are of increasing interest among clinicians, researchers, and the public. Several studies have proposed potential parallels between the altered states of consciousness associated with psychedelics and hypnosis. Although there has been increased interest in psychedelics, mystical experiences, hypnosis, and non-ordinary states of consciousness, much remains unknown. The present special issue addresses many of these questions, such as: What are the similarities and differences in hypnotic and psychedelic contexts? What is the clinical utility of mystical experiences that may be facilitated without drugs? Do suggestion effects play a role in psychedelics? Can mystical experiences be induced through hypnosis and meditation? What is the potential of psychedelic and hypnosis to enhance creativity and spiritual inspiration/growth? The reader will find thought provoking answers to these questions and deepen knowledge of the intersections among psychedelics, mystical experiences and hypnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"391-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring Mystical-Type Experiences Through Auto-Induced Cognitive Trance.","authors":"Aminata Bicego, Naji Alnagger, Etzel Cardeña, Corine Sombrun, Charlotte Martial, Jitka Annen, Olivia Gosseries, Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2544055","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2544055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mystical-type experiences can be induced through techniques like hypnosis and meditation. These experiences are common in near-death experiences (NDEs) and have been linked to paranormal beliefs. This study explored auto-induced cognitive trance (AICT) as a method to induce mystical-type experiences and NDE outside of life threatening situations (NDE-like), as well as examining the influence of factors like religious/spirituality practices, and paranormal beliefs. Twenty-seven participants capable of self-inducing AICT were studied. Before the experiment, their religious/spirituality practices and paranormal beliefs were assessed. Participants underwent five conditions: rest, rest with auditory stimulation, imagination, AICT, and AICT with auditory stimulation. Experience intensity, mystical-type experiences, and NDEs-like were measured before and after AICT and rest. Results showed that AICT induce mystical-type experiences more frequently (29%) compared to the rest condition (0%). More specifically, the intensity of the experience and features of NDEs-like during AICT were linked to mystical-type experiences during AICT only. This is the first study to demonstrate that AICT can induce mystical-type experiences in healthy individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"469-484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145667345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hypnosis, Psychedelics, and Creativity: An Overview and Analysis.","authors":"Sheryl Attig, Stanley Krippner","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2555431","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2555431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alterations in consciousness have long been used to enhance creativity. Here, we focus on the ways in which hypnosis and psychedelics alter consciousness to enhance creativity, drawing on both research and first-hand accounts. The research utilizes standard measures of creativity as well as assessments of artistic, musical, and work-related problem-solving ability. First-hand accounts of scientific discovery offer individual perspective on creativity via personal experience. Various mechanisms of how altered states may enhance creativity are explored including the roles of positive mood, flow, heightened senses, tapping into the unconscious, variations in thought processes (i.e. the Dynamic Framework of Thought Theory), and spiritual inspiration. Finally, limitations and future directions are addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"485-508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chris E Corlett, Cameron T Alldredge, Gary R Elkins
{"title":"Feasibility of a Hypnosis Intervention for a Mystical Experience.","authors":"Chris E Corlett, Cameron T Alldredge, Gary R Elkins","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2491352","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2491352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the present study is to determine feasibility and acceptability of a standardized hypnosis-oriented intervention for a mystical experience based on a conceptual framework including cognitive expectancy, demand characteristics, the induced hypnotic state, and the role of hypnotizability. Ten college student participants provided informed consent and underwent a hypnosis-based exercise designed to facilitate a mystical experience. The hypnosis-oriented intervention was provided in a setting similar to that used in psychedelic drug research. All participants were in the mid-to-high range of hypnotizability. Results revealed that the hypnosis-oriented intervention was feasible and acceptable based on a composite acceptability score of 9.45 and no dropouts. All participants indicated that they would participate again if given the opportunity. Additionally, 70% of participants met criteria for a \"complete mystical experience\" as measured by the Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ30). While these results are encouraging, additional research is needed, including replication with a larger sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"414-431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cameron T Alldredge, Meredith Vagner, Chris Corlett, Gary R Elkins
{"title":"Clinical Utility of Mystical Experiences: An Overview and Conceptual Framework.","authors":"Cameron T Alldredge, Meredith Vagner, Chris Corlett, Gary R Elkins","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2526351","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2526351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mystical experiences (MEs) are often profound and transformative encounters with a transcendent reality. Reported across many cultures and religions, these experiences are commonly characterized by a sense of unity, transcendence of time and space, positive mood, ineffability, and a noetic quality. Theoretical models have emphasized psychological, neurological, and sociocultural explanations to account for their positive effects on individuals, and psychometric tools have been developed to offer standardized methods to assess experience intensity and impact. MEs indicate significant potential in clinical psychology and have demonstrated psychotherapeutic benefit in the treatment of various conditions. We propose a novel conceptual framework to guide future use of MEs in therapeutic contexts, as interest in the mystical realm exponentially grows. The framework centers around the ME itself highlighting a requisite non-ordinary state of consciousness to foster intensely felt experiences occasioning profound psychological impact. The framework posits that MEs require three pre-state factors: invitation, context, and individual aptitude. After experiencing an ME, a necessary mediating factor in experiencing beneficial change is the process of integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"432-448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary: Dr Arreed Franz Barabasz, EdD, PhD, ABPP, ATP.","authors":"Ciara Christensen","doi":"10.1080/00207144.2025.2556954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207144.2025.2556954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13896,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}