2008 IEEE History of Telecommunications Conference最新文献

{"title":"Meissner’s generator of electrical waves: On the history of an artifact","authors":"O. Blumtritt","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668711","url":null,"abstract":"Alexander Meissner, an engineer at the laboratory of the Telefunken Company, prepared a patent application with regard to a 'set for generating electric oscillations' early in 1913. The history of this set, which was realized with a Lieben valve in the same year, will be investigated from its invention process over its role in the production of transmitters and receivers up to its display in the exhibits of the Deutsches Museum. Stories about the invention and development of feedback effects or regeneration circuits with valves have been told in different ways, mostly referring to the question of priority. Contributions of Armstrong, Meissner, Langmuir, de Forest, and others have been analyzed in this context, as well as the infringement processes, which were eventually decided - at least in the U.S.A. - in favor of Edwin H. Armstrong. However, the inclusion of national diversities in the research style, different technological and economic preconditions, various visions of the development of wireless technologies, and so on makes the stories a bit more complex and leads to new historical questions. Tracing the history of a specific object, the Meissner generator, helps to reveal various connections and contexts and, consequently, to find similarities and differences in the development of the early wireless technologies. For instance, Meissner's background in both engineering and physics refers to the problem of research cultures which also influenced visions of the importance of continuous-wave technologies. Although there had been obvious constraints as regards the possible output of valve transmitters, engineers and scientists dealt with them differently. The competition on both economic and political levels reinforced the differences in the evaluation of the utilization of valve circuits, especially on the transmitter side. This is also applicable to the dealing with the artifacts by historians and curators. The various historical interpretations and forms of displaying a feedback amplifier will provide us with new criteria in order to reflect on our approaches and, eventually, re-evaluate the meaning of high-frequency generators.","PeriodicalId":138843,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE History of Telecommunications Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130816195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Russian scientist A. S. Popov to the development of wireless communications","authors":"L. Zolotinkina","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668725","url":null,"abstract":"The demonstration of transmission of electromagnetic signals for the first time in public took place on the 7th of May at the meeting of the Russian physical and chemical society in the St Petersburg University. Alexander Popov the teacher of physics and mathematics of the Torpedo school of the naval department showed his experiments.","PeriodicalId":138843,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE History of Telecommunications Conference","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125662745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predigital period (1937–1965) in Europe","authors":"M. Joindot, L.-J. Libois, G. Phelizon, J.-M. Colin, P. Dupuis","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668716","url":null,"abstract":"The predigital period lasted 28 years from 1937 to 1965. In 1937 Alec Reeves invented the pulse modulations: PAM, PPM and especially PCM. In 1965, Gordon Moore published his famous law, planning a fast development of the Integrated Circuits (ICs). During this predigital period many theoretical and experimental works were carried on. The 1940psilas were the years of intense works on the Communications Theory, which took into account the digital signals. During the 1950psilas numerous radio systems using PAM and PPM modulations were developed. Lastly the TDM patents of 1945, 1958... marked out a long maturating way to the TDM switching. The European engineers took part to these works.","PeriodicalId":138843,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE History of Telecommunications Conference","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126689902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baron Pavel Schilling","authors":"V. Shilov","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON.2008.4668735","url":null,"abstract":"The early history (about before 1840) of electrical telegraphy became canonical long ago. The key persons in it are quite deserved. They are: Sir Charles Wheatstone (1802-1875) and Sir William Fothergrill Cooke (1806-1879) in Great Britain and Samuel F. B. Morse (1791-1872) in the USA. Of course, there are the most forcible arguments for this fact -just due to their works telegraphy turned into a practical field. Quite much attention in this history is paid to such scientists as Samuel Thomas von Sommering (1755-1830), Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1835), Wilhelm Weber (1804-1891) and some others. A deserved place in his row is taken by the Russian scientist Baron Pavel Lwovich Schilling (1786-1837). However, from our point of view the role of Shilling is introduced in today's manuscripts too shy - at best only several lines are devoted to him. That's why practically in no one contemporary publication on the history of telegraphy his works are described in full, and apart of his (moreover the most essential) achievements are either not mentioned simply or explained in a wrong way. But Schilling not only put forward several innovatory ideas but also realized them in practice. And what is more proved and clearly retraced link between his works and the works of those who are admitted as the most outstanding inventors in the field of telegraphy is simply ignored.","PeriodicalId":138843,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE History of Telecommunications Conference","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128123794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}