S. N, Deepa Shree P, Kulapti Hipparagi, B. Padashetti, A. Surwenshi, Anandkumar G. Patil, A. Kamble
{"title":"Response of grafts of different scion varieties on the different rootstock of mango (Mangifera indica L.) under nursery conditions","authors":"S. N, Deepa Shree P, Kulapti Hipparagi, B. Padashetti, A. Surwenshi, Anandkumar G. Patil, A. Kamble","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.328","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation was carried out at the College of Horticulture, Bidar to study the “Performance of grafts of different scion varieties on the different rootstock of mango (Mangifera indica L.) under nursery conditions” with thirty-six treatments comprising of twelve rootstocks (Kurukkan, Kitchner, Olour, EC-95862, Kensington, Peach, Nekkare, Muvandan, Bappakai, Mylepelian, Starch and Local) and three scions (Baneshan, Dashehari and Kesar). Among different rootstocks, Nekkare registered minimum days for sprouting, maximum sprout length, graft success, the height of grafted plant and number of leaves per graft (12.47 days, 6.08 cm, 89.17%, 29.4 cm and 18.33 respectively) whereas the maximum scion girth and root-collar diameter was registered with Bappakai (5.67 and 6.57mm respectively). In scion varieties Kesar recorded minimum days for the emergence of sprouts (15.92 days), maximum sprout length (5.39 cm), graft success (85.83 %), the height of grafted plant (26.74 cm), scion girth (5.55 mm) and root-collar diameter (6.51mm). In the case of different rootstock scion combinations, Nekkare grafted with Kesar recorded a minimum number of days taken for sprouting (11.4 days), maximum sprout length (7.15 cm), graft success (95 %), the height of grafted plant (33.55 cm) and several leaves per graft (19.7) whereas, scion girth and root-collar diameter were found non-significant.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81444657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation and utilization of heterosis and heterobeltosis for yield and yield contributing traits in tossa jute hybrids (F1) derived from diverse germplasms","authors":"S. Ahmed, M. Mukul, K. Fatema, N. Akter","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.3116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.3116","url":null,"abstract":"Development of high yielding jute variety through the artificial hybridization followed by selection on the basis of heterosis and heterobeltosis are the prerequisites for the breeders. The present study was performed to investigate the heterosis and heterobeltosis effects of 17 hybrids obtained from 15 parents. There are 11 accessions, 2 advanced breeding lines and 2 pre-released varieties of tossa jute having different morpho-phenological characters that were used as breeding parents. The parents were grown under field conditions during September’2020 and hybridization was done during December’2020. The hybrids along with the parents were grown for morphological observation during March-December’2021 in the experimental field at BJRI, Dhaka. Highly significant morpho-genetical variations were observed among the hybrids comparing with their respective parents. Among all the 17 hybrids, the hybrid (F 1 ) of O-049-1-3 (R) ×Acc.1331 showed positive heterosis over mid parent and better parent for yield contributing characters like fibre (59.57%) and stick weight (76.22%); followed by the hybrids (F 1s ) of O-049-1-3 (R) × Acc. 3718, O-049-1-3 (R) × O-043-7-9(G), O-043-7-9(G) × O-049-1-3 (R) and Acc. 3424 × Acc. 1334 for the studied characters, respectively. The parents including Acc. 1361, Acc.4311, BJRI Tossa Pat-5 and BJRI Tossa Pat-8 exhibited higher mean performance for the yield contributing traits. Among all the hybrids, five hybrids (29.41 %) showed positive result (heterobeltosis) than the respective better parents in respect of fibre yield. These hybrids may be considered for further evaluation in respect of achieving homozygosity followed by developing high yielding tossa jute varieties in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74899761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-quorum sensing agents: a potential alternative for antibiotics","authors":"S. Saikia, Snata Kaushik","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.313","url":null,"abstract":"Quorum sensing (QS) is a bacterial cell to cell communication, which helps bacteria to mount population-density-dependent infection to overcome the defence responses from host. In this mechanism some diffusible chemical signalling compounds are involved, known as autoinducers, which are directly proportional to the population cell density. The main role of QS is to coordinate the expression of several collective traits, including the production of virulence factors, secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity, pigment production, siderophore production, epiphytic fitness, bioluminescence, plasmid transfer, motility and biofilm formation. Due to the growing bacterial resistance to the antibiotics that have been overused, it has become necessary to search for alternative antimicrobial therapies. One of them is anti-quorum sensing agents/anti-biofilm agents/quorum sensing inhibitors that disrupts the bacterial communication. This study discusses the various QS-disrupting mechanisms used by anti-quorum sensing agents such as, inhibition of AIs synthesis inhibition of AI transport, degradation of AIs using enzymes, sequestration of AIs using monoclonal antibodies, QS signal competition (QS mimicry), as well as the different techniques applied artificially to inhibit the QS pathways in bacteria and thus protecting plant from bacterial diseases.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74116731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Tannery Industry by Adsorption Using Chitosan.","authors":"Nibret Mekonen Ayele","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.3112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.3112","url":null,"abstract":": Chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic heavy metals to living organisms, with different adverse health effects on humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms, and it must be reduced or removed from the body of water. The objective of this study was to remove hexavalent chromium from the tannery industry using chitosan. The batch adsorption experiments were conducted using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and the kinetic behavior of the process were also studied. The optimum conditions of the study were 120 min of contact time, 0.5 g adsorbent dose, and a solution pH of 3.0, which resulted in maximum Cr (VI) uptake. The maximum removal percentage of Cr (VI) was 86.00. The experimental data better fitted the Langmuir isotherm with a monolayer adsorption capacity of 20.82. The kinetic analysis revealed that the pseudo-second-order model fitted well to the acquired experimental data.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"701 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76893411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Selection of High Yielding Land Races of Seabuckthorn From Wild Seedling Population in Lahaul and Spiti District of Himachal Pradesh, India.","authors":"R. Rana, Ashok K. Singh, Y. S. Dhaliwal, V. Singh","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.3114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.3114","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was undertaken during 2008-2011 to select high yielding land races of seabuckthorn from existing wild population of seedling origin in Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh. To select the superior land races intensive survey were carried in the district. Initially the selection of promising genotypes was made on the basis of some novel morphological and biochemical characters. The morphological characters like large fruit size, maximum fruit weight, yield per plant, less number of thorns per 10 cm shoot length, higher biomass yield and biochemical characters like higher Vitamin-C (mg/100 g), Oil content (%) and a-carotene mg /100 g were taken in consideration. The variation in fruit weight ranged from 10.23 g -36.56 g / 100 berries and yield from 0.20 kg-5.5 kg /plant. Among the different species found growing in the area H. salicifolia had maximum yield potential followed by H. rhamnoides and H. tibetana. In the beginning ten land races were selected on the basis of some superior morphological and chemical characteristics out of which three land races are finally identified and selected on the basis of correlation between morphological and biochemical characteristics for specific purpose. Out of these three land races one is H. salicifolia selection from Lahaul is a valuable specie which is high yielding (5.5 kg berries/ plant), large fruit size (36.56 g/ 100 berries) and richest in Vitamin C content and having less number of thorns. Another two land Races belongs to H. rhamnoides (one from Lahaul and one from Spiti valley) are rich in oil content which may be used for pharmacutical purposes.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90736737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding Strategic Weed Management in Direct Seeded Rice - A Review","authors":"R. R Upasani, S. Barla","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.314","url":null,"abstract":"Transplanting in puddled soils (intensive tillage in ponded conditions) with continuous flooding is the most common method of rice crop establishment in Asia. However, the most important problem associated with transplanted rice is that change in soil aggregates and development of hardpan below the soil surface caused due to flooding and puddling, which is not desirable for following wheat crop. Although, this is advantageous for effective weed control in the transplanted rice field. The technique of flooding the field with water is not only very laborious, tidy, and cumbersome but also very expensive, and time-consuming. The direct seeding of rice seems to be the only viable alternative to liberate farmers. However, weeds are the main biological constraint in DSR. Weed problems associated with DSR (direct seeded rice) have been explained in this review paper and also the strategies to develop for weed management in DSR. In this effort the chapter has been covered by elaborating the techniques of prevention, land preparation, effect of sowing time on weed dynamics, impact of planting density on weed dynamics, impact of row spacing, mechanical weed control, nutrient management, water management, chemical weed control and integrated weed management in context to DSR with a view to achieve enhanced rice yield similar to that under transplant condition.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72808240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biomimetic textiles: An innovative approach towards conserving the future","authors":"Pratikhya Badanayak, Jyoti V. Vastrad","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.312","url":null,"abstract":"Superhydrophobicity, self-repair, self-cleaning, energy conservation, dry adhesion, adaptive development, drag reduction, and other natural phenomena have evolved over billions of years to produce more efficient textile solutions than equivalent man-made solutions. Few innovative biomimetic technologies viz., functional surfaces, structural colours, fibre structures, self-healing, thermal insulation, and other characteristics that can be used for prospective textile goods. Biomimetic research is a fast-growing discipline, and exploiting the issue's full potential in the manufacture of unique and sustainable textiles requires a multidisciplinary approach based on a comprehensive knowledge of nature. Biomimicry has the potential to enhance man-made materials and pave the way for the next generation of technological, high-performance materials, including novel materials and characteristics, creative structures and designs, and product and process sustainability. In this study, the potential of a bio-inspired textile structure is explored to the best extent conceivable. The potential use of different biomimetic fabrics was also considered. In essence, this technique can serve as a source of motivation for further material advancement.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89221623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Delphine, Bonny Aya Carole, Cissé Mariame, Lessoy Tierry, Koffi, Djarys Michel
{"title":"Perspective of biological fight against fungal germs contaminant corn (Zea mays): Case of the use of lactic bacteria","authors":"Y. Delphine, Bonny Aya Carole, Cissé Mariame, Lessoy Tierry, Koffi, Djarys Michel","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.3110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.3110","url":null,"abstract":"Moulds are contaminants of foodstuffs, particularly cereals. They produce toxins with harmful effects on consumer health. The objective of this work was to select isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from maize ( Zea mays ), with antifungal activity, for a probable biological control of fungal germs contaminating maize. Thus, the microbiological analysis of the fermented maize paste allowed the isolation of forty (40) isolates of lactic bacteria, including 3 bacilli (7.5%) heterofermentative, 10 bacilli (25%) homofermentative and 27 cocci (67.5%) homofermentative. The comparison test between mycotoxin-producing moulds of the genus Aspergillus (flavus and niger), Fusarium sp and Penicilium sp and each isolate of lactic acid bacteria, carried out on MRS agar (CondiLab, Spain), revealed their inhibitory effect on the growth of these moulds from maize. Of the 40 LAB isolates obtained during the 3 days of fermentation, 34 (85%) isolates showed antagonistic activity on the 4 fungal germs tested. The isolates LABT0.2, LABT0.7, LABT1.6, LABT1.7, LABT2.10, LABT3.2, LABT3.4, LABT3.6, LABT3.9 and LABT3.10 were the ones with very good antifungal activity, with inhibition diameters ranging from 5.0 ± 0.0 to 7.1 ±0.14 cm. In sum, this study revealed the existence of lactic acid bacteria with antifungal activity, which can be exploited for biological control of cereal contaminants in general, and those of maize in particular, with a view to guaranteeing the safety of food for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86709860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Boron regulates growth and morpho physical properties of mustard in no-till farming","authors":"Sushan Chowhan, Majharul Islam","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.318","url":null,"abstract":"No-till (NT) or zero tillage (ZT) farming is an emerging cultivation technology which has already been adopted largely for mustard ( Brassica sp.) production. Foremost problem of NT mustard cultivation is low yield; which is the consequences of inadequate or incomplete vegetative and reproductive growth. Among the many factors which determine growth and morpho-physical features of a plant, fertilizer or nutrient management is of utmost importance. Mass growers only apply major essential plant nutrients without considering the minor crucial elements necessary for soil and plant which leads to a higher yield gap and thereby good modern high yielding varieties fail to deliver potential yield. Taking into account the present study aimed to justify the application of boron (B) and its suitable rate on optimum vegetative growth under NT cultivation in mustard for gaining higher yield. The experiment was laid out in a factorial RCB design during the rabi season at BINA Sub-station, Ishurdi, Pabna. Two varieties viz . Binasarisha-9 (V 1 ), BARI Sarisha-17 (V 2 ) and six B doses viz . 0 kg ha -1 (B 0 ), 1 kg ha -1 (B 1 ), 2 kg ha -1 (B 2 ), 3 kg ha -1 (B 3 ), 4 kg ha -1 (B 4 ), 5 kg ha -1 (B 5 ) was used as the treatments. Data on growth (plant height, leaf number, primary and secondary branches) attributes were recorded at 15 days interval starting from 30 DAS (days after seeding) and harvest index (HI) calculated after crop cutting. Findings depicted that, maximum plant height, leaf number, primary and secondary branches were noted with B application between 2 kg ha -1 to 3 kg ha -1 . HI was significantly highest with treatment combination V 1 × B 3 (42.49%). Contrary, under growth and lowest HI (V 2 × B 0 : 29.05%) was spotted with 0 kg ha -1 B usage. In general, appropriate growth and satisfactory HI of the mustard varieties were contingent upon 2 kg ha -1 to 3 kg ha -1 B use.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"333 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76394130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ntabakirabose Gaspard, Mpatswenumugabo Jean Pierre, Mubashankwaya Isaac
{"title":"An economic analysis of the factors influencing poultry production and marketing in Rwanda-A case of Musanze district.","authors":"Ntabakirabose Gaspard, Mpatswenumugabo Jean Pierre, Mubashankwaya Isaac","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2022.3111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2022.3111","url":null,"abstract":"As in many other developing countries, in Rwanda poultry farming is a very important component of livelihoods, especially in rural areas. However, poultry farming does not receive the attention it deserves and requires, probably because of a lack of understanding about the role that poultry plays in poor households. The major objective of this study was to analyse poultry eggs production and marketing in Rwanda. A case of Musanze district. The results indicated that the majority of respondents sell poultry eggs at local market followed by those who sell at national market. The result of the regression analysis showed that water availability, space reserved to poultry, educational level, experience, and veterinary services were significant at P ≤ 0.01 level to influence poultry eggs production and marketing. Money received from selling poultry production usually improve household to solve different need through Source of household food, Increased income, House utensil, School fees, Clothes of household members, life insurance, Malnutrition control, Personal expenses, Friendship, House rehabilitation, and other respectively. The results also showed that factors facing poultry farmers in their production and market in this study were at first place diseases, land tenure, high cost of adequate feeds etc., as the most superior role of poultry is provision of eggs, meat as a source of money and good nutrition. Therefore, policy makers should elaborate the manner that improve and increase poultry production in both quality and quantity for long the run to reduce poverty, end hunger, and achieve food security through sustainable agriculture and livestock production and productivity.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80919207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}