International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Digitaria species (Acha): panacea for malnutrition and food insecurity in Nigeria","authors":"Rukayat Queen Adegbola, Grace O. Otitodun, Medinat O. Jimoh, Okparavero, N. F., Okunlade A. F, Ishola, T. D, Aaron Y. Isaac, Haruna P.B, Dada A. Olarenwaju, Adegbola J. Adetayo","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2023.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2023.423","url":null,"abstract":"Acha (Digitaria sp) is a powerhouse of nutrient, filling, versatile, light, and delicious, yet the most underutilized food security crop in Nigeria. The value of the nutritional content (amino acids, protein, starch, crude fibre and ash) present in acha grain is higher than that reported for other cereals such as rice, maize and sorghum and as such, a panacea for malnutrition’. The grain is tolerated by even those with frail digestive systems, including small children, the elderly, and those who are health-conscious. More so, it is a very fast-growing cereal grain and it is considerably cheaper than most staple food crops. Acha is said to be a good food security crop as it blends well with other recipes. It has a texture similar to grits or couscous with a sand colour and due to the primitive conventional processing methods, it contains a load of gritty sand particles. These gritty sand particles can be prevented by threshing over a clean, hard, non-sandy surface. The consumption of acha daily brings you back to the prehistoric era of longevity and wellness.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138954441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of delaying harvesting dates for sugar beet varieties under recent environmental changes","authors":"Dalia Ibrahim El-Geddawy, Karam Abd El-Sadek Abd Elsalam, Ibrahim Abd ElBaki Abd Elateef","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2023.4211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2023.4211","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted at Experimental Sennuris District in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt (latitude of 29024/26//N and longitude of 30052/00//E) to investigate the effect of harvest dates on some sugar beet varieties concerning their yield and quality. Two successive field experiments were carried out in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. A randomized complete block split plots were assigned for the four harvesting dates (mid-February, 1st week of March, mid-March and 1st week of April), i.e. at the age of 180, 195, 210 and 225 days after sowing. The sub-plots were occupied by the four sugar beet varieties i.e. (Faraida, Jampol, Fantazja and Melodia). The obtained results revealed that there were significant differences among the four studied harvesting dates concerning root length, diameter and weight as well as root yield in both seasons. The highest values were obtained by delaying the harvesting up to 225 days from sowing. Concerning the quality traits, neither the harvesting date nor the varieties affected sucrose, purity (QZ), sodium, potassium, α-amino N and sugar recovery percentages in both seasons. However, the upper mid-harvesting date i.e. age of 195 days from sowing recorded the lower significant impurities and SLM percentages in the 1st season only.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pig farming profitability and constraints in smallholder households in Rwanda: a case study of Musanze district.","authors":"Gaspard Ntabakirabose, Félicien Ndaruhutse, Jean Pierre Mpatswenumugabo, Marie Jose Dusengimana","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2023.4214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2023.4214","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing human population risks food insecurity especially food of animal origin. Pig plays an important role in household income in all production. The main aim of this study was to analyze the pig farming profitability and constraints in smallholder households in Rwanda. A multistage sampling technique was employed for the success of the research. The study was carried out in five sectors of Musnze district. A purposive sampling technique was used to select Musanze district and five sectors. However, a random sampling method was used to have a sample size of 120 pig farmers’ respondents. The cost and returns associated with pig farming production were carried out to determine the profitability of pig production while a stochastic frontier production function was used to determine factors influencing pig farming in small householders using STATA. The findings indicated that men are the majority of the respondents in pig farming production in the study area. The findings of the regression analysis indicated that five factors namely education level, market availability, off-farm generation, feed availability, and access to veterinary services were positive, and statistically significant at P ≤ 0.01 level of probability and influenced pig farming in the study area. The findings also indicated that the Total Revenue (TR), Total Cost (TC), Gross Margin (GM), and Net Farm Income (NFI) were statistically significant at (p < 0.01). The research findings indicated that pig farming is a profitable business in the study area. The result of regression analysis also indicated that the three factors namely income generation, employment opportunities, and new job creation had positive and statistically significant impacts on pig farming in the study area at P ≤ 0.01 level of probability. The findings of this study revealed that the most common constraints for pig farming in smallholder households were the high cost of feeds, inadequate initial capital, feeds sacristy and quality, lack of conservation facilities, pests, and diseases outbreaks, high cost of piglets, lack of farming information, and poor housing. Despite the constraints indicated by different respondents in the study area. Pig farming is an economically profitable business in the study area and it is capable of creating new jobs, enhancing employment opportunities, generating income, and clearly improving the standard livelihood of farmers. Based on the findings of the study, it has been recommended to promote interventions that can help provide initial start-up capital for farmers or marketing groups to help kick-start their farming operations; and to train and equip pig farmers and veterinaries in new technologies and innovations. Promote the analysis of profitability, opportunities, and constraints along the pig value chain as well as to support and improve the underlying business progress or stunting well as to make a good decision.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of clove oil to manage Varroa destructor and Apocephalus borealis, in Apis mellifera L. colony","authors":"Amber Rana, Nitin Singh, Barish E. James","doi":"10.52804/ijaas2023.4213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2023.4213","url":null,"abstract":"Clove oil is a natural, eco-friendly, and highly effective odorant for triggering hygienic behavior in the colonies of Apis mellifera. Bees with highly hygienic behavior can quickly remove Varroa destructors and other enemies of bee hives. The estimation of hygienic behavior is estimated by a pin-killed method. 24 hours of experiments were conducted for observation at different months. Observed significant difference at 3 hours (P ˂ 0.001) and a non- significant difference at 6,9 and 24 hours (P > 0.09), (P > 0.014,) and (P >0.5) for the opened cells. For the cleared cells there has been observed significant difference at 3 and 6 hours (P ˂ 0.03) and (P ˂ 0.04), non- significant difference at 9 and 24 hours (P > 0.25) and (P > 0.012). clove oil also has acaricidal properties which is very effective in controlling Varroa mites and other parasites of honey bees. For the trapping of Varroa destructor and Apocephalus borealis, the sticky board method was used, in which a petroleum jelly-coated sheet was inserted at the bottom board for the trapping of mites and flies can be controlled within a week, highly significant differences observed in the first 3 days, P-values are respectively (P ˂ 0.00013), (P ˂ 0.0011), and (P ˂ 0.01), on the fifth, sixth and seventh day no significant difference discern. Mites could control within 40 days, there has been no significant difference between the first and last week, and notice a significant difference between the second and third week (P ˂ 0.0025).","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Fertility Improvement and Selected Crop Production in Ethiopia: Review Study","authors":"Habtamu Hailu, Samuel Feyissa","doi":"10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Extension Demonstration of Newly Released Tef (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Eragrostis Tef&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;) Technologies in Selected Moisture Deficit Areas of North and East Shewa Zones of the Amhara and Oromia Regional States, Ethiopia","authors":"Mohammed Ahmed, Truayinet Mekuriaw, Yazachew Genet, Abune Gudeta, Wubshet Chiche, Tsion Fikre, Kidist Tolossa","doi":"10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.11","url":null,"abstract":"Tef (<i>Eragrostis Tef</i>) is one of the most important cereal crops in Ethiopia and holds significant importance for food security, nutrition, and income generation for smallholder farmers. However, its production faces various challenges, including low yields, which is caused by limited access to improved varieties and lack of knowledge on best agronomic practices. The study was aimed at enhancing the adoption of new tef technologies by raising farmers' awareness towards better management practices in the study area. The newly released Boni variety along with the standard checks (Bora and Boset) was demonstrated during the 2022 main cropping season. Yield data was collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The farmers preference and feedback were evaluated using direct ranking and narration respectively. The finding showed that the highest grain yield (2.22 tha^–1) was obtained from Bora variety in the Minjar Shenkora district of North Shewa zone, Amhara regional state. Conversely, the lowest average yield (1.84 tha^–1) was recorded from Boni variety in the Bora district of East Shewa zone, Oromia regional state. The yield increment of Boni over Bora ranges from -4.2% to 1.0% across the districts. Furthermore, comparing Boni to the Boset variety, Boni consistently demonstrated higher yields, with yield advantages ranging from -1.1% in the Bora district to 7.2% in the Boset district. In contrast, the yield advantage of Boni over farmers' practices varies across districts, ranging from -14.4% in Bora district to 5.9% in Minjar Shenkora district. Similarly, Boni variety was selected first, followed by Bora and Boset varieties in Boset and Bora districts, while Bora variety was selected first followed by Boni and Boset variety in the Liben Chiquala and Minjar Shenkora districts. Therefore, it is recommended to promote the selected varieties in the specific target areas as well as other similar agro-ecological areas by involving all the concerned stakeholders at different levels.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Maize (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Zea Mays&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L.) to Supplementary Irrigation Under Rain Fed Agriculture at Jimma Agricultural Research Center, South West Ethiopia","authors":"Etefa Tilahun, Minda Tadesse, Addisu Asefa, Huluhager Ayanawu, Robel Admassu","doi":"10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.12","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is the most extensively produced crop in both Africa and Ethiopia in terms of both land area and production. However, low soil fertility, non-agronomic methods, disease, pests, weeds, and insufficient water, negatively affect its yield. Although there are a lot of maize farming in the Jimma Zone, the yield is very low. The variability of rainfall is one of the causes of the low production, and it has to be supplemented through irrigation. This study was initiated with the objective of determining the effect of supplementary irrigation on the production and productivity of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) under rain-fed agriculture. The field experiment was carried out for three consecutive years, from 2020 to 2022, on the maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) crop at the Jimma agricultural research center. The plots were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of eight treatments in three replications. The results of the analysis of variance showed that, the different levels of supplementary irrigation had a highly significant (P < 0.05) effect on ear height, but there was no significant difference on plant height. Grain yield and 100 seed weight were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the application of different levels of supplementary irrigation. The pooled mean analysis indicated that the highest grain yield of 10623.1 kg ha^-1 and 100 seed weight of 56.19 gm/plot were recorded from the application of full irrigation (100% ETc). However, the plot with rain fed has given the lowest grain yield (5216.5 kg ha^-1) and the lowest 100-seed weight (41.97 gm /plot). In this study, there was a 49.1% yield increment between the fully supplied and the rain-fed maize. The result of partial budget analysis of maize showed that, the highest marginal rate of return and maximum net benefit of 16118 % and 255465 ETB were recorded from one SI at flowering stage and full Supplementary irrigation, respectively. The lowest net benefit (125984 ETB) was obtained at a rain fed treatment. Even though the marginal rate of return was lower, for a sustainable production of maize a full supply irrigation can be recommended.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Optimal Irrigation Using Soil Moisture Depletion on Yield and Water Productivity of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) at Odo Shakiso District, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Tesfaye Gragn Debele, Alemayehu Mamo Burayu, Obsa Wolde Dilgasa","doi":"10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230905.13","url":null,"abstract":"Irrigation technologies that save water are necessary to ensure the economic and environmental sustainability of agriculture. Accurate irrigation planning is critical to improving irrigation efficiency. Therefore, this activity aimed to evaluate the responses of potato plants to the irrigation system (when and how much) and to determine the water productivity (WP) under optimal irrigation system. During the 2020 and 2021 irrigation season, a field trial of five irrigation treatments (20% ASMDL, 40% ASMDL, 60% ASMDL, 80% ASMDL and 100% ASMDL (FAO recommended ASMDL) irrigation) was conducted in Odo Shakiso district. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three repetitions. For the Irrigation Treatment at Allowable Soil Moisture Depletion (ASMDL), irrigation was scheduled when 35% of the total available water was depleted. Results showed that potato tuber yield, number of tubers per plant, and water productivity were significantly affected between treatments (P<0.05). Plant height, tuber weight and non-marketable tuber yield did not vary significantly between treatments. The highest marketable tuber yield (32.91 t ha^-1) was achieved using irrigation water with 100% ASMDL. Reducing soil moisture loss from the recommended level (0.35) did not increase water productivity. However, no significant difference in water productivity was observed between irrigation water application at 60% of the ASMDL and irrigation water application at 100% of the ASMDL (FAO recommended depletion limit). Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the FAO recommended ASMDL can provide the highest marketable tuber yield and water productivity of potatoes in the study area and in a similar agro ecology. Therefore, further investigation and verification work under different climatic conditions is recommended.","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen on the Yield, Efficiency and Nitrogen Harvest Index of Marigold and <i>Vicia faba</i> in Different Mixed Cropping Patterns","authors":"Jalal Torfi Alivi, Mohammad Hossain Gharineh, Abdul Mahdi Bakhshandeh, Seyed Amir Mousavi, Aydin Khodaei Joghan","doi":"10.11648/j.ijaas.20230904.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230904.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80813152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterioration of Soiled Eggs Stored at Room Temperature","authors":"Modupe Esther Adeolu, Olayinka Hannah Asolo, Olamide Tawa Owolabi","doi":"10.11648/j.ijaas.20230904.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230904.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13883,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89248359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}