{"title":"Entrepreneurship and Demographics","authors":"James Liang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1984831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1984831","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by Japan’s recent poor economic performance and lack of young entrepreneurs, I build a model of how an aging workforce can negatively affect entrepreneurship activities. The model assumes: 1) young people are more likely to start a company (to be a risk taker); 2) to be successful, a young entrepreneur needs to have high human capital; 3) a young person’s human capital growth depends on his or her position or ranking in the organization. With these assumptions, in a typical seniority based system, young people will be promoted more slowly when the size of the old cohort is relatively larger in the organization. Therefore, in an aging society, not only there are fewer young people, but even fewer young people with the high human capital necessary for being successful entrepreneurs. Empirically, I find that young cohort size is positively linked to entrepreneurship activity and economic performance.","PeriodicalId":138825,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Attitudes & Emotions (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131130300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kets de Vries, Thomas Hellwig, P. Vrignaud, L. Guillén, Elizabeth Florent-Treacy, Konstantin Korotov
{"title":"Sustainable Effectiveness of a Transformational Leadership Development Program: An Exploratory Study","authors":"M. Kets de Vries, Thomas Hellwig, P. Vrignaud, L. Guillén, Elizabeth Florent-Treacy, Konstantin Korotov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1116201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1116201","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the impact of a transformational leadership development program on the lives of its participants after a one year interval. We address three fundamental questions: (1) What does a transformational leadership program transform? (2) How does the change process occur? (3) How are behavioral changes maintained over time? We present the results of an exploratory longitudinal outcome study of a leadership development program for senior executives. Individual changes are evaluated both quantitatively, through test-retest results of a 360-degree survey across 12 key leadership dimensions, and qualitatively, through semi-structured interviews with the participating executives. We found that for a cohort of 11 participants, executives' individual ratings had improved in several aspects one year after the end of the program. Participants' self-assessment scores were significantly higher on key dimensions such as Rewarding & Feedback and Life balance. Ratings by observers showed a significant improvement on Visioning and Team-building dimensions. The elements of the program consistently cited by participants retrospectively as contributing positively to the change process were: involvement in group coaching, realistic action plans, acting out or experimenting with new behaviors, and subsequent follow-up with a partner from the cohort.","PeriodicalId":138825,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Attitudes & Emotions (Sub-Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128998322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measuring the Attitude of Management Towards Errors in the Workplace","authors":"J. Shah","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1302332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1302332","url":null,"abstract":"The study is conducted to identify and examine the various factors that influence the Attitude of Management towards error at workplace in organizational settings. The research question is based on fact that what factors are predominantly important to be considered for error free environment and how management perceives and tackles them. The findings of the factor analysis on the items that were used in the questionnaire, which was designed for this study, elucidate various key factors in the organizational settings in Pakistani Business Sectors. In order to testify research question posed, 05 organizations from the Telecommunication and Banking Industry of Pakistan was taken as sample from the populace as the same industries are producing exemplary results in the Pakistan. The various levels of employees were asked through questionnaires about the Error Management approach, what they perceive and prefer at their workplace. The research study reveals that the few crucial factors are of greater importance in order to achieve greater performance goals and operational efficiency. The findings of this study are that positive Attitude of Management towards Error in the workplace plays an important role in respect of Company's Turnover and Performance. However, Error Management is a long-term process, which demands both attention from management side and initiative from the employee side.","PeriodicalId":138825,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Attitudes & Emotions (Sub-Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117073377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Significance of Socio-Economic Status, Financial Sophistication, Salience and the Scale of Deliberation in UK Retirement Planning","authors":"G. Clark, Janelle Knox‐Hayes, K. Strauss","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1194070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1194070","url":null,"abstract":"Many British workers rely upon their accumulated pension savings for retirement income. Whether they appreciate the importance of saving for the future, and whether they intend to do so, are not well-understood. Based upon a representative sample of UK residents, we show that the perceived importance of pension planning is positively correlated with respondents' risk tolerance, age and income, and whether their spouses participate in employer-sponsored pension plans. Those less likely to believe planning for the future is important are younger, earn less, are women, and will rely upon others for their expected retirement welfare. It is also apparent that generic sources of information provided remotely or at the national scale for individual and household pension planning, preparedness, and knowledge of annuities do not stand comparison with the perceived value of intimate and specialist relationships. The unit of retirement planning is typically the household, rarely the region, and hardly ever the nation. To better understand these findings we frame their interpretation with reference to recent behavioral research that emphasizes people's limited cognitive and social resources and the use of heuristics such as salience in setting priorities. The implications of this framework and our empirical findings for the design and delivery of private pensions conclude the paper.","PeriodicalId":138825,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Attitudes & Emotions (Sub-Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126513968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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